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Medical expenditure has become a heavy burden on the public sector
and the family system in many countries. Expanding the coverage and
reimbursement of medical insurance has become a common way to
reduce the burden. This book will elaborate on how medical
insurance may increase the burden instead. It explains why the
existing medical insurance system results in increased medical
costs, where higher costs may offset the benefits of certainty
brought by medical insurance, forming the "paradox of medical care
insurance". This assumption is verified by empirical evidence in
China, through a new method developed to find out the actual
medical costs, using two parameters: ratio of self-payment of
medical insurance and the level of monopoly in the supply of
medical services. The book also describes the history, the current
situation, and the reform of the health care system in China.
In China, the government controls a large part of resources, such
as land, energy, bank savings, and so on. This book studies the
efficiency and fairness of resources allocation by governmental
administration in China. The book states that it is neither fair
nor efficient to allocate resources by the governmental
administrations. These resources should be allocated by the
market.The book analyzes the resources allocation by government
administration in three key areas namely education, health care,
and land. A quantitive analysis is developed for describing more
precisely the situation of unfairness in fiscal resources
allocation. This book also describes how ordinary people address
the misposition of resources by governmental administrations by
migrating from the provinces with less resources to the provinces
with more resources in education or health care. Thus, the book
concludes that the actual allocation of resources is determined by
the interactions between ordinary people and the government.
This book provides a comprehensive and unique perspective on
China's oil and natural gas industry and a practical roadmap to
reforms.The book begins with a thorough examination of the status
quo of China's oil and natural gas industry. It explores the
evolution, transition, and characteristics of the oil industry of
China, and unveils the problems that caused ineffectiveness of the
oil and petroleum products market, namely, the dominance of
monopoly enterprises, price regulation, and restriction to entry.
It provides an insightful analysis on the efficiency losses and
welfare losses the monopoly system brings to the society as the
current system distorts income distribution, violates the principle
of fairness, and stands against the market rules and the legal
pillars of the Chinese constitution. This book argues that the
monopoly system in the oil industry of China results in a variety
of toxic influences and that reforms are needed. It then offers a
roadmap to reforms in the oil and petroleum products market in an
incremental fashion.The findings and proposals of the Chinese
version of this book have proved to be successful, as they led to
immediate shifts in the policies of the Chinese authorities. This
book provides valuable insights into the urgency involved in
carrying out reforms in the oil and petroleum products market in
China, with concrete and up-to-date statistics, comprehensive and
detailed analyses, and authoritative and authentic sources.
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