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Knowledge acquisition is one of the most important aspects
influencing the quality of methods used in artificial intelligence
and the reliability of expert systems. The various issues dealt
with in this volume concern many different approaches to the
handling of partial knowledge and to the ensuing methods for
reasoning and decision making under uncertainty, as applied to
problems in artificial intelligence. The volume is composed of the
invited and contributed papers presented at the Workshop on
Mathematical Models for Handling Partial Knowledge in Artificial
Intelligence, held at the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific
Culture of Erice (Sicily, Italy) on June 19-25, 1994, in the
framework of the International School of Mathematics
"G.Stampacchia." It includes also a transcription of the roundtable
held during the workshop to promote discussions on fundamental
issues, since in the choice of invited speakers we have tried to
maintain a balance between the various schools of knowl edge and
uncertainty modeling. Choquet expected utility models are discussed
in the paper by Alain Chateauneuf: they allow the separation of
perception of uncertainty or risk from the valuation of outcomes,
and can be of help in decision mak ing. Petr Hajek shows that
reasoning in fuzzy logic may be put on a strict logical (formal)
basis, so contributing to our understanding of what fuzzy logic is
and what one is doing when applying fuzzy reasoning."
The approach to probability theory followed in this book (which
differs radically from the usual one, based on a measure-theoretic
framework) characterizes probability as a linear operator rather
than as a measure, and is based on the concept of coherence, which
can be framed in the most general view of conditional probability.
It is a flexible' and unifying tool suited for handling, e.g.,
partial probability assessments (not requiring that the set of all
possible outcomes' be endowed with a previously given algebraic
structure, such as a Boolean algebra), and conditional
independence, in a way that avoids all the inconsistencies related
to logical dependence (so that a theory referring to graphical
models more general than those usually considered in bayesian
networks can be derived). Moreover, it is possible to encompass
other approaches to uncertain reasoning, such as fuzziness,
possibility functions, and default reasoning.
The book is kept self-contained, provided the reader is familiar
with the elementary aspects of propositional calculus, linear
algebra, and analysis.
Knowledge acquisition is one of the most important aspects
influencing the quality of methods used in artificial intelligence
and the reliability of expert systems. The various issues dealt
with in this volume concern many different approaches to the
handling of partial knowledge and to the ensuing methods for
reasoning and decision making under uncertainty, as applied to
problems in artificial intelligence. The volume is composed of the
invited and contributed papers presented at the Workshop on
Mathematical Models for Handling Partial Knowledge in Artificial
Intelligence, held at the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific
Culture of Erice (Sicily, Italy) on June 19-25, 1994, in the
framework of the International School of Mathematics
"G.Stampacchia." It includes also a transcription of the roundtable
held during the workshop to promote discussions on fundamental
issues, since in the choice of invited speakers we have tried to
maintain a balance between the various schools of knowl edge and
uncertainty modeling. Choquet expected utility models are discussed
in the paper by Alain Chateauneuf: they allow the separation of
perception of uncertainty or risk from the valuation of outcomes,
and can be of help in decision mak ing. Petr Hajek shows that
reasoning in fuzzy logic may be put on a strict logical (formal)
basis, so contributing to our understanding of what fuzzy logic is
and what one is doing when applying fuzzy reasoning."
The approach to probability theory followed in this book (which
differs radically from the usual one, based on a measure-theoretic
framework) characterizes probability as a linear operator rather
than as a measure, and is based on the concept of coherence, which
can be framed in the most general view of conditional probability.
It is a flexible' and unifying tool suited for handling, e.g.,
partial probability assessments (not requiring that the set of all
possible outcomes' be endowed with a previously given algebraic
structure, such as a Boolean algebra), and conditional
independence, in a way that avoids all the inconsistencies related
to logical dependence (so that a theory referring to graphical
models more general than those usually considered in bayesian
networks can be derived). Moreover, it is possible to encompass
other approaches to uncertain reasoning, such as fuzziness,
possibility functions, and default reasoning.
The book is kept self-contained, provided the reader is familiar
with the elementary aspects of propositional calculus, linear
algebra, and analysis.
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