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More than a decade has passed since pulsars were discovered at
Cambridge by J. Bell and A. Hewish. The past 13 years have seen ex
tensive and at first rather hectic research, and a considerable
amount of observational and theoretical knowledge has been
accumulated. Looking back over one decade of pulsar research, it
seems worth while to ask what the real impact of the detection was
and if our view of the universe has changed as a result of this
discovery. The excite ment of the first months and years has ebbed
down considerably, with the result that pulsar research has become
the task of a few scientists, working in small groups, scattered
over many countries. As more and more knowledge was acquired,
pulsars changed eventually from the bizarre pUlsing objects -- as
they were considered in the beginning -- to more normal stars of
astrophysical interest. Still, pulsars are the manifestation of
matter in its most extreme form -- neutron star matter -- for which
an equivalent can be found on earth only in the very nucleus of an
atom. Neutron stars were predicted quite early in the history of
modern astrophysics, and although many of their features were
already known from theoretical studies, astro physicists were not
sure if we had the slightest chance to actually "see" these
objects. It therefore took some time after the historical detection
paper of Hewish and coworkers before astronomers became con vinced
that pulsars were neutron stars."
This Symposium, the first devoted entirely to the measurement and
the role of magnetic fields in the non-solar Universe, was held in
Heidelberg, on June 19-23, 1989. The meeting began with review
talks on magnetic phenomena near the solar photosphere, corona, and
in stellar winds, since these nearby "laboratories," studied for
many years, provide much of the prior knowl edge of magnetic
effects in astrophysical plasmas. The Symposium contained
presentations of considerable new work concerning the role of
magnetic fields in accretion disks, bipolar outflows, and related
magnetic phenomena in molecular clouds and star forming regions.
Both observa tions and related theory of the large-scale magnetic
fields in the Milky Way were covered, in addition to a session on
the more general theme of magnetohydrodynamics of galactic magnetic
fields. Dynamo mechanisms were discussed in considerable detail. It
was apparent that recent observational data on polarized emission
from external galaxies are now of sufficiently high quality that
meaningful tests of large-scale field amplification, and of ideas
on the origin of galactic magnetic fields, can be undertaken. Both
new observations and numerical simulation work were described in
the context of active galaxy nuclei, supernova remnants, radio
source jets and extended lobes, and also in the environment of
galaxy clusters. Recent large-scale computer simulations
incorporating magnetic fields in star formation, radio source jets,
and many other phenomena were presented, and much of this was very
new."
This Symposium, the first devoted entirely to the measurement and
the role of magnetic fields in the non-solar Universe, was held in
Heidelberg, on June 19-23, 1989. The meeting began with review
talks on magnetic phenomena near the solar photosphere, corona, and
in stellar winds, since these nearby "laboratories," studied for
many years, provide much of the prior knowl edge of magnetic
effects in astrophysical plasmas. The Symposium contained
presentations of considerable new work concerning the role of
magnetic fields in accretion disks, bipolar outflows, and related
magnetic phenomena in molecular clouds and star forming regions.
Both observa tions and related theory of the large-scale magnetic
fields in the Milky Way were covered, in addition to a session on
the more general theme of magnetohydrodynamics of galactic magnetic
fields. Dynamo mechanisms were discussed in considerable detail. It
was apparent that recent observational data on polarized emission
from external galaxies are now of sufficiently high quality that
meaningful tests of large-scale field amplification, and of ideas
on the origin of galactic magnetic fields, can be undertaken. Both
new observations and numerical simulation work were described in
the context of active galaxy nuclei, supernova remnants, radio
source jets and extended lobes, and also in the environment of
galaxy clusters. Recent large-scale computer simulations
incorporating magnetic fields in star formation, radio source jets,
and many other phenomena were presented, and much of this was very
new."
Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 95 held in Bonn, Federal Republic
of Germany, 26-29 August 1980
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