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This outstanding new book provides the most detailed and
comprehensive evaluation of water reform and water sector
performance from the perspectives of institutional economics and
political economy. Skilfully integrating institutional theory with
resource economics, and set against an exhaustive review of the
theoretical and empirical literature, the authors develop an
alternative methodology to quantitatively assess the performance of
institutions in the context of water. This methodology is built on
the principle of 'institutional ecology', the 'institutional
decomposition and analysis' framework, and the 'subjective theory'
of institutional change. Using this new methodology, plus
information collected through an international survey of 127 water
experts, the authors present a detailed empirical analysis of the
process of institution-performance interaction in the water sector.
Relying on the institutional transaction cost approach and an
extensive cross-country review of recent water sector reforms, they
also provide evidence on the relative role of various factors which
influence the extent and depth of water institutional reforms in 43
countries and regions around the world. The book concludes with far
reaching implications for the theory and policy of water sector
reform in particular and institutional reform in general. Unique
and up-to-date, this book offers an authoritative review of the
important linkages between institutions and performance both in
general and water sector contexts. By laying the foundations for
future research and policy in this field, it will be of particular
relevance and value for institutional economists, natural resource
and environmental economists, political scientists, policymakers,
donor agencies and students and scholars working on water-related
issues.
Including work by some of the world's leading economists,
engineers, ecologists and social scientists, Water Resources and
Economic Development is a unique collection due to its global
perspectives and specific focus upon the recent experiences of the
developing regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America. It explores
important topics such as basin and regional development, irrigation
and agricultural development, water supply, sanitation and health,
legal and institutional issues, water pricing and water markets,
and policy trends and emerging issues. This authoritative volume
will be an invaluable source for students, researchers and
policymakers and also for those who would like to be more informed
in this key area of development studies.
This book explores inclusive development in the Indian context, not
only within each of the country's major economic and social
sectors, but also across countries in the particular context of
globalization. In the emerging scenario of most expanding
economies, including India, this topic remains particularly
significant. The book's sixteen chapters are divided into eight
sections that address burning issues related to inclusive
development - historical setting and policy context; current issues
and future challenges; inclusiveness in the agricultural sector;
inclusiveness in the industrial sector; inclusiveness in the health
sector; inclusiveness and poverty; inclusiveness in the social
context; and inclusiveness in the globalization context. The book
highlights several positive developments displayed by the Indian
economy in recent years, including the current growth rate of about
7 percent, which is among the highest rates around the globe. At
the same time, it draws attention to the fact that while there is
every reason to feel proud of these achievements, we cannot ignore
the strains and brewing distress, especially in rural areas, or the
concerns in environmental and social sectors, including health and
education, relating to sociological divisions and disturbances,
water and air pollution, and ecosystem and biodiversity losses.
Important and relevant from both academic and policy perspectives,
the book includes essays from some of the most eminent economists
and social scientists in the South Asian region, providing vital
takeaways for researchers and NGOs, as well as corporate sector and
government decision-makers.
This book explores inclusive development in the Indian context, not
only within each of the country's major economic and social
sectors, but also across countries in the particular context of
globalization. In the emerging scenario of most expanding
economies, including India, this topic remains particularly
significant. The book's sixteen chapters are divided into eight
sections that address burning issues related to inclusive
development - historical setting and policy context; current issues
and future challenges; inclusiveness in the agricultural sector;
inclusiveness in the industrial sector; inclusiveness in the health
sector; inclusiveness and poverty; inclusiveness in the social
context; and inclusiveness in the globalization context. The book
highlights several positive developments displayed by the Indian
economy in recent years, including the current growth rate of about
7 percent, which is among the highest rates around the globe. At
the same time, it draws attention to the fact that while there is
every reason to feel proud of these achievements, we cannot ignore
the strains and brewing distress, especially in rural areas, or the
concerns in environmental and social sectors, including health and
education, relating to sociological divisions and disturbances,
water and air pollution, and ecosystem and biodiversity losses.
Important and relevant from both academic and policy perspectives,
the book includes essays from some of the most eminent economists
and social scientists in the South Asian region, providing vital
takeaways for researchers and NGOs, as well as corporate sector and
government decision-makers.
Physical limits to fresh water expansion--an emerging reality in
many parts of the world--make absolute water scarcity inevitable.
The inability of the already developed water supply to meet an
ever-growing demand for fresh water also makes the emergence of
relative water scarcity unavoidable. Water scarcity--both in its
absolute and relative forms--gets accentuated further by an
increasing premium attached to water quality and ecological
sustainability. The water sector has undergone remarkable changes
in recent years. While past achievements were associated mainly
with investment in new physical structures, recent developments in
the water sector are associated to a greater extent with improved
management and institutional changes. Although both the nature and
direction of these institutional changes vary by country-specific
economic, political, cultural and resource realities, there are
clearly identifiable trends and patterns. This report suggests a
new methodology to shed light on the process of
institution-performance interaction. It demonstrates the use of the
methodology by applying it to an extensive cross-country data set,
and by deriving policy guidance based on the results. The authors
aim to stimulate thought and debate about methodologies and
strategies to be used in order to evaluate institutional change and
institution-performance interactions in the water sector.
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