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This collection of fifteen essays presents the views of some of the
world's most distinguished economists on what is emerging as the
central topic of the twenty-first century: long-term economic
growth.
This collection of fifteen essays presents the views of some of the
world's most distinguished economists on what is emerging as the
central topic of the twenty-first century: long-term economic
growth.
This volume provides a state-of-the-art review of the relationship
between technology and economic growth. Many of the 42 chapters
discuss the political and corporate decisions for what one author
calls a "Competitiveness Policy." As contributor John A. Young
states, "Technology is our strongest advantage in world
competition. Yet we do not capitalize on our preeminent position,
and other countries are rapidly closing the gap." This lively
volume provides many fresh insights including "two unusually
balanced and illuminating discussions of Japan," Science noted.
The tax reform movement that swept the U.S., Great Britain, and
most other industrialized nations during the last decade has
focused attention on international comparisons of the cost of
capital. More recently, international comparability has become a
critical issue of tax harmonization. This is a vital concern in the
European Community, as well as between Canada and the United
States. This volume provides international comparisons of the cost
of different types of capital for nine major industrialized
countriesAustralia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Sweden,
the United Kingdom, and the United Statesfor the period 1980-1990.
In the early 1980s the introduction of tax incentives for saving
and investment gradually shifted the tax base from income toward
consumption. By 1990 most of these special tax provisions had been
reduced or repealed in order to lower tax rates and equalize the
tax treatment of different forms of capital income. Income was
firmly reestablished as the most appropriate basis for taxation.
Separate chapters for each of the nine countries, written by
leading experts in public economics, provide detailed accounts of
tax policy changes over the decade. Each chapter contains a
quantitative description of these tax policies and summarizes this
information in the form of effective tax rates. The book thus
serves as an indispensable reference for comparing capital income
taxation in industrialized countries during a period of rapid
policy change.
Uncaging Animal Spirits collects all of Landau's major papers from
the last thirty years, covering his scientific discoveries, his
views on innovation and entrepreneurship, his reflections on his
own field of chemical engineering, and his research on the global
marketplace, and on the relation of technology, innovation, and the
economy. Chemical engineering has been one of the major high-tech
growth industries of the post-World War II period, and one of the
few in which U.S. companies have retained an international
advantage over their competitors. As an engineer and entrepreneur,
Ralph Landau played a large role in this success story. Uncaging
Animal Spirits collects all of Landau's major papers from the last
thirty years, covering his scientific discoveries, his views on
innovation and entrepreneurship, his reflections on his own field
of chemical engineering, and his research on the global
marketplace, and on the relation of technology, innovation, and the
economy. The emphasis throughout is on Landau's view of the status
of entrepreneurship in the United States, as tempered by his
experience in an international business and his many attempts to
get the federal government to think seriously about its role in
creating a reasonable playing field for entrepreneurs. As Landau
developed his business, he became increasingly concerned about the
extent to which government officials misunderstood (or didn't care
about) the needs of technology-based industries and the
relationship between technology and economic growth. When he sold
his company in the early 1980s, Landau took on the task of
educating himself in economic theory and educating economists,
policy makers, and the government about this crucial relationship.
He has established centers at Stanford and Harvard to focus
attention on issues of technology and the economy.
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