This book presents a smooth and unified transitional framework from generalised fractional programming, with a finite number of variables and a finite number of constraints, to semi-infinite fractional programming, where a number of variables are finite but with infinite constraints. It focuses on empowering graduate students, faculty and other research enthusiasts to pursue more accelerated research advances with significant interdisciplinary applications without borders. In terms of developing general frameworks for theoretical foundations and real-world applications, it discusses a number of new classes of generalised second-order invex functions and second-order univex functions, new sets of second-order necessary optimality conditions, second-order sufficient optimality conditions, and second-order duality models for establishing numerous duality theorems for discrete minmax (or maxmin) semi-infinite fractional programming problems. In the current interdisciplinary supercomputer-oriented research environment, semi-infinite fractional programming is among the most rapidly expanding research areas in terms of its multi-facet applications empowerment for real-world problems, which may stem from many control problems in robotics, outer approximation in geometry, and portfolio problems in economics, that can be transformed into semi-infinite problems as well as handled by transforming them into semi-infinite fractional programming problems. As a matter of fact, in mathematical optimisation programs, a fractional programming (or program) is a generalisation to linear fractional programming. These problems lay the theoretical foundation that enables us to fully investigate the second-order optimality and duality aspects of our principal fractional programming problem as well as its semi-infinite counterpart.

This book presents a smooth and unified transitional framework from generalised fractional programming, with a finite number of variables and a finite number of constraints, to semi-infinite fractional programming, where a number of variables are finite but with infinite constraints. It focuses on empowering graduate students, faculty and other research enthusiasts to pursue more accelerated research advances with significant interdisciplinary applications without borders. In terms of developing general frameworks for theoretical foundations and real-world applications, it discusses a number of new classes of generalised second-order invex functions and second-order univex functions, new sets of second-order necessary optimality conditions, second-order sufficient optimality conditions, and second-order duality models for establishing numerous duality theorems for discrete minmax (or maxmin) semi-infinite fractional programming problems. In the current interdisciplinary supercomputer-oriented research environment, semi-infinite fractional programming is among the most rapidly expanding research areas in terms of its multi-facet applications empowerment for real-world problems, which may stem from many control problems in robotics, outer approximation in geometry, and portfolio problems in economics, that can be transformed into semi-infinite problems as well as handled by transforming them into semi-infinite fractional programming problems. As a matter of fact, in mathematical optimisation programs, a fractional programming (or program) is a generalisation to linear fractional programming. These problems lay the theoretical foundation that enables us to fully investigate the second-order optimality and duality aspects of our principal fractional programming problem as well as its semi-infinite counterpart.

This monograph presents smooth, unified, and generalized fractional programming problems, particularly advanced duality models for discrete min-max fractional programming. In the current, interdisciplinary, computer-oriented research environment, these programs are among the most rapidly expanding research areas in terms of their multi-faceted applications including problems ranging from robotics to money market portfolio management. The other more significant aspect of this monograph is in its consideration of minimax fractional integral type problems using higher order sonvexity and sounivexity notions. This is significant for the development of different types of duality models in terms of weak, strong, and strictly converse duality theorems, which can be handled by transforming them into generalized fractional programming problems. Fractional integral type programming is one of the fastest expanding areas of optimization, which feature several types of real-world problems. It can be applied to different branches of engineering (including multi-time multi-objective mechanical engineering problems) as well as to economics, to minimize a ratio of functions between given periods of time. Furthermore, it can be utilized as a resource in order to measure the efficiency or productivity of a system. In these types of problems, the objective function is given as a ratio of functions. For example, we consider a problem that deals with minimizing a maximum of several time-dependent ratios involving integral expressions.

This monograph is aimed at presenting "Next Generation Newton-Type Methods", which outperform most of the iterative methods and offer great research potential for new advanced research on iterative computational methods. This monograph provides readers with a unique presentation on the subject that can be used for interdisciplinary research for the world scientific community at large. The methods presented therein are of great importance and significance since these can be extended, generalised and applied to solving equations defined not only on the real line but on abstract spaces as well. This monograph is a must-read for undergraduate students, graduate students, professors, researchers, and research scientists at all universities and colleges.