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The American Housing Question reframes the question of affordable
housing through the concepts of urban citizenship and racism.
Randolph Hohle argues that when we consider who benefits from
affordable housing, we end up with a complex story of inclusion and
exclusion and of privilege and mobility centered around race and
social class. Historically, affordable housing's underlying logic
was to create the conditions for white people to exercise the
privilege of mobility. Affordable housing policy was first and
foremost about granting white people the ability to live in
racially-segregated neighborhoods within and across urban areas.
When the beneficiaries of affordable housing policy were
predominately white, the state proceeded with a comprehensive and
multifaceted plan to supply housing, including public housing,
subsidizing the construction of market rate housing, rental
vouchers, and rent control. The white response to the Civil Rights
era - the precursor to neoliberal urban policy - privatized public
housing, switched the responsibility to provide affordable housing
to the market, and created the conditions for the financialization
of housing in the twenty-first century that have made housing
unaffordable for everyone. As the author aptly demonstrates,
solving America's housing question means addressing both racism and
revaluing the notion of the public.
This book explains the emergence of two competing forms of black
political representation that transformed the objectives and
meanings of local action, created boundaries between national and
local struggles for racial equality, and prompted a white response
to the civil rights movement that set the stage for the neoliberal
turn in US policy. Randolph Hohle questions some of the most basic
assumptions about the civil rights movement, including the
importance of non-violence, and the movement's legacy on
contemporary black politics. Non-violence was the effect of the
movement's emphasis on racially non-threatening good black citizens
that, when contrasted to bad white responses of southern whites,
severed the relationship between whiteness and good citizenship.
Although the civil rights movement secured new legislative gains
and influenced all subsequent social movements, pressure to be good
black citizens and the subsequent marginalization of black
authenticity have internally polarized and paralyzed contemporary
black struggles. This book is the first systematic analysis of the
civil rights movement that considers the importance of
authenticity, the body, and ethics in political struggles. It
bridges the gap between the study of race, politics, and social
movement studies.
Why did the United States forsake its support for public works
projects, public schools, public spaces, and high corporate taxes
for the neoliberal project that uses the state to benefit
businesses at the expense of citizens? The short answer to this
question is race. This book argues that the white response to the
black civil rights movement in the 1950s, '60s, and early '70s
inadvertently created the conditions for emergence of American
neoliberalism. Neoliberalism is the result of an unlikely alliance
of an elite liberal business class and local segregationists that
sought to preserve white privilege in the civil rights era. The
white response drew from a language of neoliberalism, as they
turned inward to redefine what it meant to be a good white citizen.
The language of neoliberalism depoliticized class tensions by
getting whites to identify as white first, and as part of a social
class second. This book explores the four pillars of neoliberal
policy, austerity, privatization, deregulation, and tax cuts, and
explains how race created the pretext for the activation of
neoliberal policy. Neoliberalism is not about free markets. It is
about controlling the state to protect elite white economic
privileges.
This book explains the emergence of two competing forms of black
political representation that transformed the objectives and
meanings of local action, created boundaries between national and
local struggles for racial equality, and prompted a white response
to the civil rights movement that set the stage for the neoliberal
turn in US policy. Randolph Hohle questions some of the most basic
assumptions about the civil rights movement, including the
importance of non-violence, and the movement's legacy on
contemporary black politics. Non-violence was the effect of the
movement's emphasis on racially non-threatening good black citizens
that, when contrasted to bad white responses of southern whites,
severed the relationship between whiteness and good citizenship.
Although the civil rights movement secured new legislative gains
and influenced all subsequent social movements, pressure to be good
black citizens and the subsequent marginalization of black
authenticity have internally polarized and paralyzed contemporary
black struggles. This book is the first systematic analysis of the
civil rights movement that considers the importance of
authenticity, the body, and ethics in political struggles. It
bridges the gap between the study of race, politics, and social
movement studies.
Racism in the Neoliberal Era explains how simple racial binaries
like black/white are no longer sufficient to explain the
persistence of racism, capitalism, and elite white power. The
neoliberal era features the largest black middle class in US
history and extreme racial marginalization. Hohle focuses on how
the origins and expansion of neoliberalism depended on language or
semiotic assemblage of white-private and black public. The language
of neoliberalism explains how the white racial frame operates like
a web of racial meanings that connect social groups with economic
policy, geography, and police brutality. When America was racially
segregated, elites consented to political pressure to develop and
fund white-public institutions. The black civil rights movement
eliminated legal barriers that prevented racial integration. In
response to black civic inclusion, elite whites used a language of
white-private/black-public to deregulate the Voting Rights Act and
banking. They privatized neighborhoods, schools, and social
welfare, creating markets around poverty. They oversaw the mass
incarceration and systemic police brutality against people of
color. Citizenship was recast as a privilege instead of a right.
Neoliberalism is the result of the latest elite white strategy to
maintain political and economic power.
Widely recognized as a groundbreaking text, The New Urban Sociology
is a broad and expert introduction to urban sociology that is both
relevant and accessible to students. Organized around an integrated
paradigm, the sociospatial perspective, this text examines the role
played by social factors such as race, class, gender, lifestyle,
economics, and culture on the development of metropolitan areas,
and integrates social, ecological, and political economy
perspectives and research into this study. With its unique
perspective, concise history of urban life, clear summary of urban
social theory, and attention to the impact of culture on urban
development, this book gives students a cohesive conceptual
framework for understanding cities and urban life. The sixth
edition of The New Urban Sociology is a major overhaul and
expansion of the previous editions. This edition is packed with new
material including an expansion of the sociospatial approach to
include the primary importance of racism in the formation of the
urban landscape, the spatial aspects of urban social problems,
including the issues surrounding urban public health and affordable
housing, and a brand new chapter on urban social movements. There
is also new material on the importance of space for social groups,
including immigrants and the LGBTQ community, as well as the
gendered meanings embedded in social space.
Widely recognized as a groundbreaking text, The New Urban Sociology
is a broad and expert introduction to urban sociology that is both
relevant and accessible to students. Organized around an integrated
paradigm, the sociospatial perspective, this text examines the role
played by social factors such as race, class, gender, lifestyle,
economics, and culture on the development of metropolitan areas,
and integrates social, ecological, and political economy
perspectives and research into this study. With its unique
perspective, concise history of urban life, clear summary of urban
social theory, and attention to the impact of culture on urban
development, this book gives students a cohesive conceptual
framework for understanding cities and urban life. The sixth
edition of The New Urban Sociology is a major overhaul and
expansion of the previous editions. This edition is packed with new
material including an expansion of the sociospatial approach to
include the primary importance of racism in the formation of the
urban landscape, the spatial aspects of urban social problems,
including the issues surrounding urban public health and affordable
housing, and a brand new chapter on urban social movements. There
is also new material on the importance of space for social groups,
including immigrants and the LGBTQ community, as well as the
gendered meanings embedded in social space.
Racism in the Neoliberal Era explains how simple racial binaries
like black/white are no longer sufficient to explain the
persistence of racism, capitalism, and elite white power. The
neoliberal era features the largest black middle class in US
history and extreme racial marginalization. Hohle focuses on how
the origins and expansion of neoliberalism depended on language or
semiotic assemblage of white-private and black public. The language
of neoliberalism explains how the white racial frame operates like
a web of racial meanings that connect social groups with economic
policy, geography, and police brutality. When America was racially
segregated, elites consented to political pressure to develop and
fund white-public institutions. The black civil rights movement
eliminated legal barriers that prevented racial integration. In
response to black civic inclusion, elite whites used a language of
white-private/black-public to deregulate the Voting Rights Act and
banking. They privatized neighborhoods, schools, and social
welfare, creating markets around poverty. They oversaw the mass
incarceration and systemic police brutality against people of
color. Citizenship was recast as a privilege instead of a right.
Neoliberalism is the result of the latest elite white strategy to
maintain political and economic power.
Why did the United States forsake its support for public works
projects, public schools, public spaces, and high corporate taxes
for the neoliberal project that uses the state to benefit
businesses at the expense of citizens? The short answer to this
question is race. This book argues that the white response to the
black civil rights movement in the 1950s, '60s, and early '70s
inadvertently created the conditions for emergence of American
neoliberalism. Neoliberalism is the result of an unlikely alliance
of an elite liberal business class and local segregationists that
sought to preserve white privilege in the civil rights era. The
white response drew from a language of neoliberalism, as they
turned inward to redefine what it meant to be a good white citizen.
The language of neoliberalism depoliticized class tensions by
getting whites to identify as white first, and as part of a social
class second. This book explores the four pillars of neoliberal
policy, austerity, privatization, deregulation, and tax cuts, and
explains how race created the pretext for the activation of
neoliberal policy. Neoliberalism is not about free markets. It is
about controlling the state to protect elite white economic
privileges.
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