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Germany is seen as a leader in thermal retrofit policy and
practice, but how effective is its approach? A Critical Appraisal
of Germany's Thermal Retrofit Policy examines this policy in
context and assesses its effectiveness. It finds that technical
constraints and the costs of retrofitting reduce the rate of
progress, while planning underestimates the influence of user
behavior in the form of rebound and prebound effects. A key finding
is that savings can be maximized within a policy that understands
the actual behavior and motivation of households, the area where
most energy savings are already taking place. The book suggests a
new policy paradigm that would encourage a better balance of
partial and comprehensive retrofits, utilizing household behavior
changes based on a better understanding of fuel saving motivation
and fuel price elasticity. In this approach, the thermal building
regulations would be made more flexible so that policymakers would:
- Promote partial, transitional and cost-optimal retrofits, which
are more certain to pay back through fuel savings if they are
appropriate to building typology and homeowner budgets. - Promote
comprehensive retrofits for reasons other than economic gain,
focusing instead on the comfort and environmental benefits of
energy-efficient homes. - Invest more heavily in educating
households to heat economically, learning from the prebound effect
so as to maximize the utility of the homes they currently occupy,
and base payback time calculations on actual consumption. The
results and findings of this book would be of interest to
policymakers, researchers and graduate students alike.
This is a definitive guide to the rebound effect in home heating -
the increase in energy service use after a technological
intervention aimed at reducing consumption. It sets out what the
effect is, how it plays out in the home heating sector, what this
implies for energy saving initiatives in this sector, and how it
relates to rebound effects in other sectors. The book outlines how
the concept of the rebound effect has been developed and the scope
of research on it, both generally and particularly in the home
heating sector. Within the context of energy and CO2 emissions
policy, it summarises the empirical evidence, exploring its causes
and the attempts that are being made to mitigate it. Various
definitions of the rebound effect are considered, in particular the
idea of the effect as an energy-efficiency 'elasticity'. The book
shows how this definition can be rigorously applied to thermal
retrofits, and to national consumption data, to give logically
consistent rebound effect results that can be coherently compared
with those of other sectors, and allow policy makers to have more
confidence in the predictions about potential energy savings.
This is a definitive guide to the rebound effect in home heating -
the increase in energy service use after a technological
intervention aimed at reducing consumption. It sets out what the
effect is, how it plays out in the home heating sector, what this
implies for energy saving initiatives in this sector, and how it
relates to rebound effects in other sectors. The book outlines how
the concept of the rebound effect has been developed and the scope
of research on it, both generally and particularly in the home
heating sector. Within the context of energy and CO2 emissions
policy, it summarises the empirical evidence, exploring its causes
and the attempts that are being made to mitigate it. Various
definitions of the rebound effect are considered, in particular the
idea of the effect as an energy-efficiency 'elasticity'. The book
shows how this definition can be rigorously applied to thermal
retrofits, and to national consumption data, to give logically
consistent rebound effect results that can be coherently compared
with those of other sectors, and allow policy makers to have more
confidence in the predictions about potential energy savings.
Inequality and Energy: How Extremes of Wealth and Poverty in High
Income Countries Affect CO2 Emissions and Access to Energy
challenges energy consumption researchers in developed countries to
reorient their research frameworks to include the effects of
economic inequality within the scope of their investigations, and
calls for a new set of paradigms for energy consumption research.
The book explores concrete examples of energy deprivation due to
inequality, and provides conceptual tools to explore this in
relation to other issues regarding energy consumption. It thereby
urges that energy consumption approaches be updated for a world of
increasing inequality. Extreme economic inequality has increased
within developed countries over the past three decades. The effects
of inequality are now seen increasingly in health, housing
affordability, crime and social cohesion. There are signs it may
even threaten democracy. Researchers are also exploring its effects
on energy consumption. One of their key findings is that less
privileged groups have lost consistent access to basic energy
services like warm homes and affordable transport, leading to huge
disparities of climate damaging emissions between rich and poor.
Germany is seen as a leader in thermal retrofit policy and
practice, but how effective is its approach? A Critical Appraisal
of Germany's Thermal Retrofit Policy examines this policy in
context and assesses its effectiveness. It finds that technical
constraints and the costs of retrofitting reduce the rate of
progress, while planning underestimates the influence of user
behavior in the form of rebound and prebound effects. A key finding
is that savings can be maximized within a policy that understands
the actual behavior and motivation of households, the area where
most energy savings are already taking place. The book suggests a
new policy paradigm that would encourage a better balance of
partial and comprehensive retrofits, utilizing household behavior
changes based on a better understanding of fuel saving motivation
and fuel price elasticity. In this approach, the thermal building
regulations would be made more flexible so that policymakers would:
- Promote partial, transitional and cost-optimal retrofits, which
are more certain to pay back through fuel savings if they are
appropriate to building typology and homeowner budgets. - Promote
comprehensive retrofits for reasons other than economic gain,
focusing instead on the comfort and environmental benefits of
energy-efficient homes. - Invest more heavily in educating
households to heat economically, learning from the prebound effect
so as to maximize the utility of the homes they currently occupy,
and base payback time calculations on actual consumption. The
results and findings of this book would be of interest to
policymakers, researchers and graduate students alike.
Freiburg has long been a leader in environmental policies and has
attracted international attention for its bold climate protection
endeavours. It boasts a large solar-power capacity, an extensive
cycling network and efficient public transport. Its low-energy
building projects house thousands of residents with minimal
environmental impact. Its city council has ambitious plans to cut
greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2040. However, recent audits
show it is falling behind its stated goals. The author undertook an
in-depth study of the city's projects, including recorded
interviews with key local politicians, civil servants and
industrialists. He found much that other cities can learn from
Freiburg, particularly its creative ways of enhancing the limited
powers of municipal government to get greenhouse gas emissions
reduced. But he also found some of Freiburg's strategies highly
questionable. In several project areas he explores whether money
could be spent more efficiently and save more energy per euro
invested. He also asks whether Freiburg's 'green industrial
complex' tends to dominate the policy agenda and detract from
successful climate protection.
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