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With the fast pace of developments in quantum technologies, it is
more than ever necessary to make the new generation of students in
science and engineering familiar with the key ideas behind such
disruptive systems. This book intends to fill such a gap between
experts and non-experts in the field by providing the reader with
the basic tools needed to understand the latest developments in
quantum communications and its future directions. This is not only
to expand the audience knowledge but also to attract new talents to
this flourishing field. To that end, the book as a whole does not
delve into much detail and most often suffices to provide some
insight into the problem in hand. The primary users of the book
will then be students in science and engineering in their final
year of undergraduate studies or early years of their post-graduate
programmes.
Global crises not only deeply impact the economy and people's
livelihoods, they also unsettle basic ideas and assumptions about
the meaning and drivers of development. This collection of
theoretical and empirical studies explores the substance and
politics of policy change following the 2007/8 crisis from the
perspective of developing countries.
Gender and development theory and analysis is replete with implicit
assumptions that women's entry into the world of paid work will
positively affect their status both in the household and in the
public sphere. Until recently the debate on global factories and
export production has remained focused on women's individual
experience of export employment- and the extent to which this
represents a positive opportunity or gross exploitation. In spite
of the extended discussion of rights and citizenship in the global
economy, little attention has hitherto been paid to the
implications for women's entitlements arising out of their pivotal
role in export sectors. Whilst many assume that women's visible and
crucial presence in key economic sectors will be reflected in the
ways in which social policies are formulated, there has been up to
now little empirical and analytical engagement with this question.
This volume, bringing together detailed commissioned studies from
six developing countries, aims to fill this gap.
The exponential growth of the number of internet nodes has suddenly
created a widespread demand for high-speed optical and electronic
devices, circuits, and systems. The new optical revolution has
replaced modular, general-purpose building blocks by end-to-end
solutions. Greater levels of integration on a single chip enable
higher performance and lower cost. The mainstream VLSI technologies
such as BiCmos and CMOS continue to take over the territories thus
far claimed by GaAs and InP devices. This calls for an up-to-date
book describing the design of high-speed electronic circuits for
optical communication using modern techniques in a low-cost CMOS
process. High-Speed CMOS Circuits for Optical Receivers covers the
design of the world's first and second 10 Gb/s clock and data
recovery circuits fabricated in a pure CMOS process. The second
prototype meets some of the critical requirements recommended by
the SONET OC-192 standard. The clock and data recovery circuits
consume a power several times lower than in prototypes built in
other fabrication processes. High-Speed CMOS Circuits for Optical
Receivers describes novel techniques for implementation of such
high-speed, high-performance circuits in a pure CMOS process.
High-Speed CMOS Circuits for Optical Receivers is written for
researchers and students interested in high-speed and mixed-mode
circuit design with focus on CMOS circuit techniques. Designers
working on various high-speed circuit projects for data
communication, including optical com., giga bit ethernet will also
find it of interest.
Care work, both paid and unpaid, contributes to well-being, social
development and economic growth. But the costs of providing care
are unequally borne across gender and social class. Feminist
scholarship on the gendered construction of welfare provisioning
and welfare regimes has produced a conceptually strong and
empirically grounded analysis of care, reinforcing the necessity of
rethinking the distinctions between "the public" and "the private"
as well as the links between them. Yet this analysis, premised on
post-industrial contexts, does not travel easily to other parts of
the world. Many of its core assumptions - about family structures,
labor markets, state capacities, and public social provisioning -
do not hold for a wider range of countries. Drawing on original
research on the care economy in three developing regions (Africa,
Asia, Latin America), this volume addresses a major empirical
lacuna while facilitating a conversation across the North-South
divide.
This volume explores Iran's industrial and trade policy options for
achieving sustainable, export-oriented, and pro-employment growth.
The first part of the book discusses Iran's economic and industrial
development performance, as well as strategies for enhancing
capabilities, fostering productive transformation, and developing
employment that can result in faster and more inclusive economic
growth. It also presents a case study on a leading manufacturing
subsector-the automotive industry. The book then offers a set of
analyses concerning the country's trade sector, including exchange
rate policies, ways to connect to global markets, and accession to
the World Trade Organization. In turn, the closing chapters
investigate various aspects of Iran's labor market and offer policy
recommendations on the creation of productive jobs. Readers will
learn about effective industrial, trade, and employment policies
that can complement macroeconomic measures adopted by the
government. As such, the book will appeal not only to scholars and
policy-makers, but also to international investors seeking to
understand various core aspects of Iran's industrial and employment
structures and trade regime.
This book addresses the central questions of how social and
economic rights have been historically constructed and shaped by
processes of political change, economic structures and reforms, and
institutional design and capacities. These conceptualizations and
processes are deeply gendered even in contexts where formal
political equality has been won, and while gender is a persistent
marker of difference across these regions, it intersects in a
variety of ways with other axes of difference such as class, race
and age. The book illustrates the importance of thinking beyond
states and markets in social provisioning, including in its
analysis the interactions between these and other social
institutions such as family and community.
Digital Signal Processing for Communication Systems examines the
plans for the future and the progress that has already been made,
in the field of DSP and its applications to communication systems.
The book pursues the progression from communication and information
theory through to the implementation, evaluation and performance
enhancing of practical communication systems using DSP technology.
Digital Signal Processing for Communication Systems looks at
various types of coding and modulation techniques, describing
different applications of Turbo-Codes, BCH codes and general block
codes, pulse modulations, and combined modulation and coding in
order to improve the overall system performance. The book examines
DSP applications in measurements performed for channel
characterisation, pursues the use of DSP for design of effective
channel simulators, and discusses equalization and detection of
various signal formats for different channels. A number of system
design issues are presented where digital signal processing is
involved, reporting on the successful implementation of the system
components using DSP technology, and including the problems
involved with implementation of some DSP algorithms. Digital Signal
Processing for Communication Systems serves as an excellent
resource for professionals and researchers who deal with digital
signal processing for communication systems, and may serve as a
text for advanced courses on the subject.
This book provides a collection of recent research works addressing
theoretical issues on improving the learning process and the
generalization of GANs as well as state-of-the-art applications of
GANs to various domains of real life. Adversarial learning
fascinates the attention of machine learning communities across the
world in recent years. Generative adversarial networks (GANs), as
the main method of adversarial learning, achieve great success and
popularity by exploiting a minimax learning concept, in which two
networks compete with each other during the learning process. Their
key capability is to generate new data and replicate available data
distributions, which are needed in many practical applications,
particularly in computer vision and signal processing. The book is
intended for academics, practitioners, and research students in
artificial intelligence looking to stay up to date with the latest
advancements on GANs' theoretical developments and their
applications.
This book examines water remunicipalization in Cochabamba since the
Water War, offering innovative methodological and theoretical
conceptualizations of what it means to be "public," helping to move
debates on water services beyond the paralyzing binary of public
versus private with a focus on the contested terrain of community
engagement around water services. The Cochabamba Water War of 2000
brought together city residents of all stripes to mobilize against
water privatization and gain back public control of the city's
water utility. This event catapulted anti-privatization movements
around the world, but two decades later, the water movement's
vision of democratic water provision remains largely unfulfilled
and the city suffers from a protracted water crisis. Building a
typology of participation, this book explores the difficulty in
rebuilding a strong public water service in Cochabamba by analyzing
the different, and often incompatible, understandings and
interpretations of social control and public participation.
Applying this framework to the Bolivian context, and more
specifically to the water and sanitation sector in Cochabamba, the
book uncovers whose interests are served, and which groups are
included or excluded from decision-making and access to water. This
exercise illustrates how, in their implementation, participatory
practices are not linear and can be distorted or appropriated
towards different ends. This book will be of great interest to
students and scholars of water governance, natural resource
management, public policy, social movements and Latin American
studies.
This book works to uncover the logic of hatred, to understand how
this affect manifests itself historically in persecution and terror
apparatuses. More than a historical genealogy of persecution, The
Logic of Hatred shows what phenomenology can offer to historical
understanding. Focusing on the witch-hunts waged in the fifteenth
through seventeenth centuries, the first part of the book analyzes
the techniques instigators used to designate and annihilate their
targets: the search for diabolical stigma, the confession of
“truth” extracted by torture, the constitution of an absolute
Enemy through the suggestion of conspiracy, of a world turned
upside-down, or the figure of Satan. Rogozinski locates one of the
origins of the witch-hunt in the anguish that popular uprisings
arouse in dominant classes. The second part of the book extends the
investigation to related phenomena, such as the extermination of
lepers in the Middle Ages and the Reign of Terror during the French
Revolution. By studying these historical experiences and marking
their differences and similarities, this book shows the passage
from exclusion to persecution and how revolts of the oppressed can
let themselves be transformed and captured by persecutory politics.
The analyses presented thus shed light on conspiracy theory and the
terror apparatuses of our time.
The CMOS technology are has quickly grown, calling for a new
text---and here it is, covering the analysis and design of CMOS
integrated circuits that practicing engineers need to master to
succeed. Filled with many examples and chapter-ending problems, the
book not only describes the thought process behind each circuit
topology, but also considers the rationale behind each
modification. The analysis and design techniques focus on CMOS
circuits but also apply to other IC technologies. Design of Analog
CMOS Integrated Circuits deals with the analysis and design of
analog CMOS integrated circuits, emphasizing recent technological
developments and design paradigms that students and practicing
engineers need to master to succeed in today's industry. Based on
the author's teaching and research experience in the past ten
years, the text follows three general principles: (1) Motivate the
reader by describing the significance and application of each idea
with real-world problems; (2) Force the reader to look at concepts
from an intuitive point of view, preparing him/her for more complex
problems; (3) Complement the intuition by rigorous analysis,
confirming the results obtained by the intuitive, yet rough
approach.
This book is a compilation of different methods of formulating and
solving inverse problems in physics from classical mechanics to the
potentials and nucleus-nucleus scattering. Mathematical proofs are
omitted since excellent monographs already exist dealing with these
aspects of the inverse problems.The emphasis here is on finding
numerical solutions to complicated equations. A detailed discussion
is presented on the use of continued fractional expansion, its
power and its limitation as applied to various physical problems.
In particular, the inverse problem for discrete form of the wave
equation is given a detailed exposition and applied to atomic and
nuclear scattering, in the latter for elastic as well as inelastic
collision. This technique is also used for inverse problem of
geomagnetic induction and one-dimensional electrical conductivity.
Among other topics covered are the inverse problem of torsional
vibration, and also a chapter on the determination of the motion of
a body with reflecting surface from its reflection coefficient.
Examining Iranian foreign policy, with a focus on the years since
2001, this book analyses the defining feature of Iran's
international and regional posture, its strategic loneliness, and
the implications of this for the Islamic Republic's foreign policy.
Iranian Foreign Policy since 2001 offers an in-depth analysis of
the key drivers behind Iran's foreign policy; power, strategic
culture, and ideology. In addition, the authors examine Iran's
relations with key countries and regions, including its often
tenuous relations with China, Russia and America, as well as its
bilateral relations with non-state actors such as Hezbollah. The
common thread running throughout the volume is that Iran is alone
in the world: regardless of its political manoeuvrings, the Islamic
Republic's regional and international posture is largely one of
strategic loneliness. Assimilating contributions from the US,
Canada, Europe and Iran, this book provides an international
perspective, both at the theoretical and practical levels and is
essential reading for those with an interest in Middle Eastern
Politics, International Relations and Political Science more
broadly.
The cooking of vegetables is treated with reverence in the lands
that make up the rich and varied tapestry of the Middle East. The
people depend on the grains and pulses, nuts, vegetables and fruits
of the region for their daily food and Parvin Razavi has taken the
fresh and varied cuisines of Iran, Armenia, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan,
Egypt, Morocco and Turkey to create a beautiful vegan cookbook.
Whether as a main course or for the traditional mezze, this book
contains dishes that blend natural culinary delights from the
various food cultures and combines them with contemporary
approaches. Here are warm and spicy stuffed vegetables, cool and
fragrant soups, delicate preserves, pilafs, breads, pickles,
relishes and pastries. The varied cuisines of the Middle East
provide a wealth of vegan recipes.
Contributors analyze the care economy in the developing world, at a
moment when existing systems are under strain and new ideas are
coming into focus. Offers the first global, regionally diverse
study of the invisible economy of care, including case studies from
diverse regional contexts of Africa, Asia and Latin America Frames
the debate on care and highlights policy experimentation and ideas
currently in flux Includes new research and data on developing
countries, showing how, where care options for the socially
disadvantaged are limited, failing to socialize the costs of care
exacerbates existing inequalities Comes at a moment when, if not
yet marked by a generalized care crisis, the world s existing
systems are under strain and in need of rethinking Features
introductory chapters that set out the conceptual framework and
findings on individual country studies, and a concluding chapter
that draws out the transnational dimensions of care
Dissipative forces play an important role in problems of classical
as well as quantum mechanics. Since these forces are not among the
basic forces of nature, it is essential to consider whether they
should be treated as phenomenological interactions used in the
equations of motion, or they should be derived from other
conservative forces. In this book we discuss both approaches in
detail starting with the Stoke's law of motion in a viscous fluid
and ending with a rather detailed review of the recent attempts to
understand the nature of the drag forces originating from the
motion of a plane or a sphere in vacuum caused by the variations in
the zero-point energy. In the classical formulation, mathematical
techniques for construction of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian for the
variational formulation of non-conservative systems are discussed
at length. Various physical systems of interest including the
problem of radiating electron, theory of natural line width,
spin-boson problem, scattering and trapping of heavy ions and
optical potential models of nuclear reactions are considered and
solved.
Dissipative forces play an important role in problems of classical
as well as quantum mechanics. Since these forces are not among the
basic forces of nature, it is essential to consider whether they
should be treated as phenomenological interactions used in the
equations of motion, or they should be derived from other
conservative forces. In this book we discuss both approaches in
detail starting with the Stoke's law of motion in a viscous fluid
and ending with a rather detailed review of the recent attempts to
understand the nature of the drag forces originating from the
motion of a plane or a sphere in vacuum caused by the variations in
the zero-point energy. In the classical formulation, mathematical
techniques for construction of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian for the
variational formulation of non-conservative systems are discussed
at length. Various physical systems of interest including the
problem of radiating electron, theory of natural line width,
spin-boson problem, scattering and trapping of heavy ions and
optical potential models of nuclear reactions are considered and
solved.
Study of the life, works and legacy of Shihab al-Din Yahya Suhrawardi, also known as Shaikh al-ishraq or the Master of Illumination.
This volume gathers together the numerous essays by the Iranian
metaphysician and ontologist, Seyyed Hossein Nasr, on Islamic
philosophers and the intricate relationship between Persian culture
and its philosophical schools. Brought together into a single
volume for the first time, these essays span four decades of Nasr's
prolific and learned scholarship on the development of Islamic
philosophy, as well as the general history of Islam, and expound
his belief that philosophy is not merely a rational but a sacred
activity.
In this revised and expanded edition, in addition to a
comprehensible introduction to the theoretical foundations of
quantum tunneling based on different methods of formulating and
solving tunneling problems, different semiclassical approximations
for multidimensional systems are presented. Particular attention is
given to the tunneling of composite systems, with examples taken
from molecular tunneling and also from nuclear reactions. The
interesting and puzzling features of tunneling times are given
extensive coverage, and the possibility of measurement of these
times with quantum clocks are critically examined.In addition, by
considering the analogy between evanescent waves in waveguides and
in quantum tunneling, the times related to electromagnetic wave
propagation have been used to explain certain aspects of quantum
tunneling times. These topics are treated in both non-relativistic
as well as relativistic regimes. Finally, a large number of
examples of tunneling in atomic, molecular, condensed matter and
nuclear physics are presented and solved.
The Political Environment of Economic Planning in Iran, 1971-1983:
From Monarchy to Islamic Republic Hossein Razavi and Firouz Vakil
Based on both research and first-hand experience, this book
provides a politico-economic analysis of the operation of Iran's
economy before and after the revolution of February 1979. The
authors discuss the function and effectiveness of economic planning
during the shah's tenure and relate the shortcomings of plan
preparation and implementation to the explosive psycho-economic
instability of the regime. They then discuss the institutional
problems that the revolutionary regime has been facing in operating
the economy and foresee the possible consequences of its failure to
appropriately deal with these problems. Finally, analyzing the
economic postures of important opposition groups, the authors
outline future prospects for economic planning in Iran.
In the last two decades public policies have reflected a drive
for accelerated global economic integration ("globalization"),
associated with greater economic liberalization. The outcomes have
been largely disappointing, even in the estimate of their
designers. Rural livelihoods have become more insecure, and the
expected growth has rarely materialized. Insecurity is also etched
into the growth of informal economies across the world. Yet the
economic policy agenda that has been so adverse to many people
around the world has also provided new opportunities to some social
groups, including some low-income women. In response to widespread
discontent with the liberalization agenda, more attention is now
being given to social policies and governance issues, viewed as
necessary if globalization is to be "tamed" and "embedded." The
contributors to this volume address key issues and questions such
as whether states have the capacity to remedy the social distress
unleashed by liberalization in the absence of any major revision of
their macroeconomic policies and whether the proposed social policy
reforms can redress gender-based inequalities in access to
resources and power.
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