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The present book is based on the conference Software Development
and Reality Construction held at SchloB Eringerfeld in Germany,
September 25 - 30, 1988. This was organized by the Technical
University of Berlin (TUB) in cooperation with the German National
Research Center for Computer Science (GMD), Sankt Augustin, and
sponsored by the Volkswagen Foundation whose financial support we
gratefully acknowledge. The conference was an interdisciplinary
scientific and cultural event aimed at promoting discussion on the
nature of computer science as a scientific discipline and on the
theoretical foundations and systemic practice required for
human-oriented system design. In keeping with the conversational
style of the conference, the book comprises a series of individual
contributions, arranged so as to form a coherent whole. Some
authors reflect on their practice in computer science and system
design. Others start from approaches developed in the humanities
and the social sciences for understanding human learning and
creativity, individual and cooperative work, and the interrelation
between technology and organizations. Thus, each contribution makes
its specific point and can be read on its own merit. But, at the
same time, it takes its place as a chapter in the book, along with
all the other contributions, to give what seemed to us a meaningful
overall line of argumentation. This required careful editorial
coordination, and we are grateful to all the authors for bearing
with us throughout the slow genesis of the book and for complying
with our requests for extensive revision of some of the
manuscripts.
Prototyping is an approach used in evolutionary system development.
In this book, the authors show which forms of prototyping can be
employed to tackle which problems. They take a look at the tools
used in everyday software development with a view to determining
their suitability for prototyping, and attempt to elucidate
prototyping as a methodological concept. Part I of the book looks
at prototyping as an approach for constructing and evaluating
models. Traditional approaches and phase-oriented life cycle plans
are discussed. Prototyping overcomes fundamental problems
associated with life cycle plans. The authors present their own
concept of evolutionary system development. Part II shows to what
extent technical support of evolutionary system development is
possible. Various tools for supporting prototyping are discussed
and prospective trends are indicated. Criteria are listed to help
the reader choose between the various development environments
currently available or likely to become available in the near
future. Case studies are used to illustrate how prototype
construction can be integrated in software projects.
Auf der Basis einer praxisnahen Darstellung der Grundkonzepte
objektorientierter Modellierung wird erlautert, dass fur eine
tragfahige Anwendungsentwicklung in der Zukunft eine neue
Sichtweise notwendig ist. Der objektorientierte Entwicklungsprozess
wird in seinen fachlichen und technischen Dimensionen
ausgeleuchtet. Ein verstandliches Leitbild fur die
Systementwicklung, die Metapher von Werkzeugen und Materialien,
wird vorgestellt. Objektorientierung beeinflusst aber nicht nur die
Programmierung und die Projektstrategie, sie hat auch Auswirkungen
auf die Entwicklerorganisation. Diese Uberlegungen werden durch
Einschatzungen uber die kurz- und langfristige Wirtschaftlichkeit
einer objektorientierten Vorgehensweise erganzt. In einem eigenen
Kapitel werden detaillierte Vorschlage fur eine an den Bedurfnissen
der kommerziellen Datenverarbeitung ausgerichtete
Einfuhrungsstrategie vorgestellt."
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