Until now, books addressing Halal issues have focused on helping Muslim consumers decide what to eat and what to avoid among products currently on the marketplace. There was no resource that the food industry could refer to that provided the guidelines necessary to meet the Halal requirements of Muslim consumers in the U.S. and abroad.

Halal Food Production answers this need by summarizing the fundamentals of Halal food production, serving as a valuable reference for food scientists, food manufacturers, and other food industry professionals. This text delivers a wealth of information about Halal food laws and regulations, guidelines for food production, domestic and international food markets, and trade and import requirements for various countries. Both authors are food scientists who have practical experience in Halal food requirements and Halal certification.

For persons targeting the Halal food market for the first time, this book is particularly valuable, providing understanding of how to properly select, process, and deliver foods. In light of the increasing worldwide demand for Halal food service, branded packaged food, and direct-marketed items, this volume is more than an expert academic resource, it is a beneficial tool for developing new and promising revenue streams.

Until now, books addressing Halal issues have focused on helping Muslim consumers decide what to eat and what to avoid among products currently on the market. There was no resource that the food industry could refer to that provided the guidelines necessary to meet the Halal requirements of Muslim consumers in the United States and abroad. Handbook of Halal Food Production answers this need by summarizing the fundamentals of Halal food production, serving as a valuable reference for food scientists, food manufacturers, and other food industry professionals. This text delivers a wealth of information about Halal food guidelines for food production, domestic and international food markets, and Halal certification. Among chapters that cover production requirements for specific foods such as meat and poultry, fish and seafood, and dairy products, there are other chapters that address global Halal economy, Muslim demography and global Halal trade, and comparisons among Kosher, Halal and vegetarian. In addition, the book presents Halal food laws and regulations, HACCP and Halal and general guidelines for Halal food Production. For persons targeting the Halal food market for the first time, this book is particularly valuable, providing understanding of how to properly select, process, and deliver foods. In light of the increasing worldwide demand for Halal food service, branded packaged food, and direct-marketed items, this volume is more than an expert academic resource; it is a beneficial tool for developing new and promising revenue streams. Both editors are food scientists who have practical experience in Halal food requirements and Halal certification and the contributors are experts in the Halal food industries.

Determining attribute correspondence is the most important, time consuming and knowledge intensive part during databases integration. It is also used in other data manipulation applications such as data warehousing, data design, semantic web and e-commerce. Most data integration applications require a matching between the schemas of the respective datasets. Schema matching plays a key role in heterogeneous database integration.In this book the aim is to investigate how to find the types of correspondence between the attributes of heterogeneous datasets when schema design information of the data sets is unknown.

The discharge of heavy metals from industrial effluents into aquatic sources has become a matter of concern over the last few decades. For the removal lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions biosorption is a cost effective method especially for the huge volumes of effluents. In the present study effect of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seed cake biomass on biosorption of lead (II) from aqueous solutions was deliberated. It was indicated that adsorption capacity q, (mg/g) and percentage adsorption was function of biosorbent size, biosorbent dose, pH and initial lead (II) concentration. Optimized percentage adsorptions were observed at smaller size of biosorbent 0.355 mm, 0.2 g dose, pH 5.0 and 100 mg/L lead (II) concentration. Kinetic study revealed that adsorption was rapid in first fifteen minutes and equilibrium was achieved after six hours. At equilibrium, the maximum metal uptake was 45.29 mg/g with percentage adsorption 86.68 at pH 5.0. The Langmuir isotherm model with correlation coefficient (0.93) fitted well to the data of biosorption of lead (II), corroborating that the uptake of lead was chemical, saturable and equilibrated mechanism.

There is always a fascinating idea behind every great invention, well today programmable matter is one of the fascinating idea. It all depends on a single name that is "Programmable Matter."By saying "Programmable Matter" it looks like fascinating name behind a fascinating concept but the science behind this project is very complicated because recently Intel research on that project and they didn't able to answer the basic question related to this project and MIT students also research on that project. The purpose of this project is to design such a digitized material; a basic building block which can perform computation, sensing, actuation, orientation, communication and displaying graphics at ultra low power as continuous abilities over its whole content. Programmable matter have many exciting application, like prototyping, shape shifting robots even houses and buildings; if developed could change their shape without having to demolish the whole material. The project touches various important fields of engineering, providing a comprehensive design for the project's realization.

A field trial to compare the non-chemical weed management approach in dry direct seeded fine rice with the chemical methods was conducted at the Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during Kharif, 2009. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Results revealed that manual weeding recorded maximum (99 %) reduction in total weed density and dry weight. Nominee 100SC suppressed weed density and dry weight by >75% over control. Among non-chemical weed management strategies, soil incorporation of sorghum residues at 8 t ha-1 accounted for 52 and 58 % reduction in above said weed attributes. Maximum yield (4.17 t ha-1) was recorded by manual weeding. Manual weeding gave highest net benefits (Rs. 127217 ha-1), while Nominee 100SC scored maximum (23076 %) marginal rate of return.

In the present work, we present extensive new data on thallium employing multi-photon and multi-step excitation techniques in conjunction with a thermionic diode ion detector. A number of different excitation paths have been used. The first experiment addresses the observation of odd- parity levels np 2P1/2,3/2 and np 2F5/2 using two- photon excitation from the ground state. In the second set of experiments we employed a two-step excitation scheme using 6s2 7s 2S1/2 intermediate level and observed the np 2P1/2,3/2 levels upto n = 56. The even-parity levels have also been excited using three-photon excitation from the ground state revealing ns 2S1/2 and np 2P3/2,5/2 levels. In the subsequent experiments, we used a two-color three- photon excitation technique to approach the ns 2S1/2 and nd 2D3/2 levels using 7p 2P1/2 as an intermediate level. The nd series have been extended upto n = 65 and it is noticed that the intensity of the high Rydberg series scales as 1/n2.8. However, the np 2P1/2,3/2 series, which have been observed upto n = 56 scale as 1/n2.3 in contrast to the scaling law of 1/n3 for an unperturbed Rydberg series.

The main purpose of the book is exploring the problems existing with WiMAX cryptographic suit.Book explains the basics of WiMAX and then explains security mechanism of WiMAX MAC layer. Next it explores the Study of authentication and authorization mechanism, functioning in WiMAX IEEE 802.16e using specially designed simulator. In the remaining portion of the book flaws of existing WiMAX cryptographic suit and its solutions are discussed. We designed a special simulator to test our proof that 3DES can replace DES with very minimum changes in cryptographic suit. Introduction of a new and lightweight encryption algorithm MAES in the parallel of AES in the cryptographic suit, to facilitate user of WiMAX having efficient multimedia encryption, is another main purpose of the book. The book also explains the Testing of light weight and efficient MAES on different datasets of text and images. In the last we have mentioned some new research points, which can help the researchers to generate new ideas.