Drawing on the concept of the 'politics of compassion', this Handbook interrogates the political, geopolitical, social and anthropological processes which produce and govern borders and give rise to contemporary border violence. Chapters map different aspects of structural violence and mobilities in some of the world's most contentious border zones, highlighting the forms and practices that connect with labour exploitation, legal exclusion and a severe absence of human rights. International interdisciplinary contributors, including renowned sociologist Saskia Sassen, draw attention to the forms and spaces of resistance available to migrants and activists, contemplating how advocates attempt to provide protection and human security to those subjected to border violence. Offering empirical analyses of critical border spaces, the book covers extensively the US-Mexico border region and border zones around the Mediterranean. Border issues in South, Central and North America, Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, the Middle East, Central Africa and East and Central Asia are also discussed. The Handbook thus provides a truly transnational approach to borders and migration, demonstrating the dynamic but asymmetric relationship between the social structure of border enforcement and the human agency of migrants and global activists. Combining theoretical insights into structural violence and human rights with key case studies of border zones, this comprehensive Handbook is crucial reading for scholars and researchers of social and political science investigating human migration, the humanitarian, border control and human rights. Its practical insights will also benefit policy-makers involved in borders and migration, as well as advocates and NGOs working with migrants and refugees to create secure environments.

The RIBA Client Adviser Professional Services Contract is suitable for commissions procured on any form of procurement for commercial projects of any value. It is not suitable for the appointment of a Client Adviser on non commercial work undertaken for a 'consumer' client, such as work done to the client's home, including renovations, extensions, maintenance and new buildings. The RIBA Client Adviser Professional Services Contract is devised as an agreement between a Client Adviser and a business client or public authority and is a 'construction contract' to which the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA, also known as the Construction Act) applies. Business clients include charities, religious organisations and not-for-profit bodies.

The RIBA Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services is suitable where the Architect/Consultant undertakes a commission for conservation architectural services for simple, non-complex, commercial projects of any value, in which the building works will be carried out using standard forms of building contract, such as the RIBA Concise Building Contract, the JCT Minor Works Building Contract or the JCT Intermediate Building Contract. The RIBA Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services is suitable for commissions procured on the basis of a traditional form of building contract where tendering occurs at the end of Stage 4 of the RIBA Plan of Work (Technical Design). The RIBA Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services is devised as an agreement between an Architect/Consultant and a business client or a public authority and is a 'construction contract' to which the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA, also known as the Construction Act) applies. Business clients include charities, religious organisations and not-for-profit bodies. The RIBA Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services is not suitable for non-commercial work undertaken for a 'consumer' client, such as work done to the client's home, including renovations, extensions, maintenance and new buildings, if the client has elected to contract in their own name, i.e. not as a limited company or other legal entity, or where the property will be let. A contract with a consumer client is subject to the Consumer Rights Act 2015. The RIBA recommends the use of the RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services for work undertaken for a consumer client.

The RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services is suitable for commissions for simple domestic projects of any value, in which the building works will be carried out using standard forms of building contract, such as the RIBA Domestic Building Contract. The RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services is suitable for commissions procured on the basis of a traditional form of building contract where tendering occurs at the end of Stage 4 of the RIBA Plan of Work (Technical Design). The RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services is devised as an agreement between an Architect/Consultant and a 'consumer client' relating to work to the Client's own home, including renovations, extensions, maintenance and new buildings, provided that the Client has elected to use these Conditions in their own name, i.e. not as a limited company or other legal entity or where the property will be let. Under the CDM Regulations 2015, on projects with more than one contractor, a Principal Designer must be appointed to plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the Pre-construction Phase of a project. This Contract has the option for the Architect/Consultant to be appointed as the Principal Designer. The RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services is not suitable for works where the property is to be let or for commercial or residential work undertaken for business clients, including charities, religious organisations, not for profit bodies, or where the Client is a public authority. The RIBA recommends the use of the RIBA Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Conservation Architectural Services for commercial projects.

The RIBA/BIID Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services is suitable where the Interior Designer undertakes a commission for interior design services for simple, non-complex, commercial projects of any value and where the Interior Designer is undertaking the installation of Interior Designer FF&E. Where any building work is required then a separate building contract, such as the RIBA Concise Building Contract, should be used. The RIBA/BIID Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services is devised as an agreement between an Interior Designer and a business client or a public authority and is a 'construction contract' to which the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA, also known as the Construction Act) applies. Business Clients include charities, religious organisations and not-for-profit bodies. The RIBA/BIID Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services may not be suitable or sufficiently comprehensive for complex projects. For projects where the RIBA/BIID Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services is not suitable, the Client and the Interior Designer should take appropriate legal advice on alternative legal terms. The RIBA/BIID Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services is not suitable for non-commercial work undertaken for a 'consumer' Client, such as work done to the Client's home, if the Client has elected to contract in their own name, i.e. not as a limited company or other legal entity, or where the property will be let. A contract with a consumer Client is subject to the Consumer Rights Act 2015. The RIBA recommends the use of the RIBA/BIID Domestic Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services for work undertaken for a consumer client.

The RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services has been devised as an agreement between an Interior Designer and a consumer Client relating to work to the Client's own home, including renovations and extensions, provided that the Client has elected to enter into the agreement in their own name, ie. not as a limited company or legal entity or where the property will be let. The contract is suitable for commissions for simple domestic interior design projects of any value. It may not be suitable or sufficiently comprehensive for complex projects. For these projects the Client and the Interior Designer should take appropriate legal advice on alternative legal terms. Under the CDM Regulations 2015, on interior design projects where the Interior Designer is required or chooses to undertake, or subcontract, some building interior decoration work, a Principal Designer must be appointed to plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the Pre-construction Phase of a project; and a Principal Contractor must be appointed to take control over the Construction Phase of the project and to plan, manage, monitor and coordinate the health and safety during the Construction Phase. This contract has the option for the Interior Designer to be appointed as the Principal Designer and/or the Principal Contractor. The RIBA/BIID Domestic Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services is not suitable for works where the property is to be let or for commercial or residential work undertaken for business clients, including charities, religious organisations, not-for-profit bodies, or where the Client is a public authority. The RIBA recommends the use of the RIBA/BIID Concise Professional Services Contract 2020: Interior Design Services for commercial projects.

Fully revised and updated to align with the 2020 edition of the RIBA Plan of Work, the RIBA Standard Professional Services Contract is for the appointment of an Architect or Consultant and provides comprehensive contract terms suitable where the Architect/Consultant undertakes a commission for architectural services on projects using a traditional form of procurement. The RIBA Standard Professional Services Contract is an agreement with a business client or public authority and is not suitable for non-commercial work undertaken for a consumer client, such as work done to a client's home. A contract with a consumer client is subject to the Consumer Rights Act 2015 and the RIBA recommends the use of the RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract for work undertaken for a consumer client. The RIBA Standard Professional Services Contract is not suitable for the appointment of the Principal Designer under the CDM regulations 2015 and the RIBA recommends that an RIBA Principal Designer Professional Services Contract is used.

Fully revised and updated to align with the 2020 edition of the RIBA Plan of Work, the RIBA Concise Professional Services Contract is for the appointment of an Architect or Consultant where the Architect/Consultant undertakes a commission for architectural services for simple, non-complex, commercial projects of any value, in which the building works will be carried out using traditional forms of building contract, such as the RIBA Concise Building Contract, the JCT Minor Works Building Contract or the JCT Intermediate Building Contract. The RIBA Concise Professional Services Contract is an agreement with a business client or public authority and is not suitable for non-commercial work undertaken for a consumer client, such as work done to a client's home. A contract with a consumer client is subject to the Consumer Rights Act 2015 and the RIBA recommends the use of the RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract for work undertaken for a consumer client. The RIBA Concise Professional Services Contract is not suitable for the appointment of the Principal Designer under the CDM regulations 2015 and the RIBA recommends that an RIBA Principal Designer Professional Services Contract is used.

Fully revised and updated to align with the 2020 edition of the RIBA Plan of Work, the RIBA Subconsultant Professional Services Contract is suitable for when an Architect or Consultant wishes, or perhaps is required, by the client to appoint a subconsultant to carry out part of the Architect or Consultant's services, and where the contract terms are compatible with the Head Agreement between the client and the Architect or Consultant. The RIBA Subconsultant Professional Services Contract is suitable for both commercial work and non-commercial work directly undertaken for a consumer client, such as work undertaken on a client's home. The Contract is not suitable for use where the client appoints sub-consultants or specialists directly, or for the appointment of a Principal Designer as a subconsultant under the CDM Regulations 2015. The RIBA recommends that an RIBA Principal Designer Professional Services Contract is used.

Fully revised and updated to align with the 2020 edition of the RIBA Plan of Work, the RIBA Principal Designer Professional Services Contract is for the appointment of a Principal Designer under the CDM Regulations 2015 and is suitable for commissions procured on any form of procurement for simple, non-complex, commercial projects of any value, in which the works will be carried out using forms of building contract, such as the RIBA Standard or Concise Building Contract, the JCT Minor Works Building Contract or the JCT Intermediate Building Contract. The RIBA Principal Designer Professional Services Contract is not suitable for the appointment of a Principal Designer on non-commercial work undertaken for a consumer client, such as work done to a client's home. Domestic projects are subject to the Consumer Rights Act 2015 and in such cases the RIBA recommends the use of the RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract, which includes the provision for the Architect or Consultant to undertake Principal Designer duties as set out in the CDM Regulations 2015.

Readers will find in this book a comprehensive text on the intersection of genetic and agriculture, addressing the different levels at which DNA is studied for agricultural purposes. The different subdivisions of genetics (molecular, Mendelian, quantitative and populations) are all discussed in the light of agriculture research and practice. Agricultural Genetics aims to be a support for advanced and undergraduate students taking courses on biology, genetics and breeding applied to agriculture, both for plant sciences and animal sciences.

This timely Companion traces the interlinking histories of globalisation, gender, and migration in the 21st century, setting up a completely new agenda beyond Western research production. Natalia Ribas-Mateos and Saskia Sassen bring together 27 incisive contributions from leading international experts on gender and global migration, uncovering the multitude of economies, histories, families and working cultures in which local, regional, national, and global economies are embedded. Examining recent migratory flows and changing migration corridors across the globe, the Companion offers critical insights into the wider dynamics that compel people to migrate. Chapters address key topics relating to gender and global migration, from global cities and border regions, internal displacements, and humanitarian risks, to the changing face of care chains and labour, pandemic mobilities, expulsions from climate change and the weight of critical historical colonial studies in contemporary feminisms. The volume further explores extractivism, colonial images, the agrifood industry, qualified labour, remittances, cross-border trade, and extreme violence. Advancing a compelling range of forward-looking perspectives, this dynamic Companion establishes a novel agenda for future research on gender and global migration. Integrating empirical case studies with cutting-edge theory, The Elgar Companion to Gender and Global Migration will be an invaluable resource for a multidisciplinary audience of scholars across sociology, anthropology, geography, economics and political science, as well as migration and gender studies. Its themes will also be of significant interest to policymakers, administrators and grassroots organisations involved in emerging topics in migration studies.

Biology of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases, Volume 48 in The Enzymes series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on A narrative about our work on the endless frontier of editing, The puzzling evolution of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Structural basis of the tRNA recognition by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Catalytic strategies of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Trans-editing by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-like editing domains, Adaptive and maladaptive mistranslation arising from aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Non-canonical inputs and outputs of tRNA aminoacylation, Structure and function of multi-tRNA synthetase complexes, Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Non-canonical functions of human cytoplasmic tyrosyl-, tryptophanyl- and other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and much more.

Fully revised and updated, the RIBA Domestic Building Contract is specifically designed to be a simple, clear and easy to understand and use contract between a client and a contractor. Endorsed and supported by the HomeOwners Alliance, the RIBA Domestic Building Contract can be used on all domestic (non-commercial) projects, including renovations extensions, maintenance and new buildings. Key benefits Written in plain English that is simple to understand Guidance notes to help complete the contract Provides an effective way of managing payments to the contractor Gives you control over the timely completion of the project Provisions for collaborating with the contractor over events that may delay completion or add costs to the project Other features Collaboration provisions: advance warnings, joint resolution of delay, proposals for improvements and cost savings Flexible payment options Provision for contractor design, with 'fit for purpose' liability option Optional provisions for a contractor programme Optional provisions for client-selected suppliers and sub-contractors Mechanisms for dealing with changes to the project which allow for agreement and include specified timescales Option for commencement and completion in stages Terms compliant with the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 Guidance notes on use and completion are included. Key changes in the 2018 edition: The contract has been fully updated to comply with the CDM Regulations 2015. The Guidance Notes include detailed advice for clients with regards to their particular duties under the Regulations. The guidance on Insurance and Insuring the Works has been expanded and is clearer and easier to understand. Further explanation is given on the process for ensuring that adequate insurance is obtained and the importance of notifying the property's building and contents insurer if the work is to an existing building. Emphasis is given to the need for whoever takes out the insurance to provide written confirmation of the extent of cover provided in respect of the works. The Consents, Fees and Charges item has been expanded so that it now clearly states what regulatory and statutory consents, fees and charges need to be obtained and who is taking on the ether the responsibility for obtaining and paying for them, either the client or the contractor. The guidance on Dispute Resolution has been expanded but also simplified. Mediation and adjudication are now highlighted as the initial/preferred forms of settling any dispute in the contract, but the client retains the right to refer any dispute to the courts, as the courts will often make it a precondition to hearing a case that the parties have attempted an alternative dispute resolution method. The Programme optional item has been simplified. The contract have retained the requirement for a contractor to indicate the activities they will carry out to complete the works, including the start and finish times of each activity and the relationship of each activity to the others. However, the obligation on the contractor to submit a Programme prior to the commencement of the works, and any financial penalties for not doing so (perceived as too confrontational), have been removed. The Contractor Design optional item has been retained, so that, if it is agreed that the contractor is to design part of the Works, a detailed and accurate description can be provided of the parts that the contractor will design. However, this optional item now also allows a level of professional indemnity insurance to be specified. The Required Specialists optional item has been amended so that while clients can still request that specific subcontractors and suppliers be used for parts of the Works, details of those parts of the works are now to be identified at the tender stage and listed in the Contract Documents. The contract now includes a Contract Checklist which both parties should review and answer 'yes' to the questions provided before signing the contract. This is to ensure that the client is fully aware of what they are agreeing to, that all of the appropriate documents and information has been provided and that all of the provisions - such as: scope of the works; start and completion dates of the works; contract price; payment of fees; access to the site and working hours; insurance; and the process for dispute resolution - have been adequately completed. Easy to understand The RIBA Domestic Building Contract is written in plain English, which provides three key benefits: the language used in the contract is simple and easy to understand, compared to other standard forms of contracts; the clause structure used in the contract avoids the use of large numbers of sub-sub clauses and too much cross-referencing between provisions; and Where common construction terminology is used, it has been simplified so that less-experienced users can understand it. Copies required for each Party It is legally advisable that both parties to the contract each have an original signed version. Therefore you should purchase two copies of the contract, so that both the client and contractor has an original signed copy. Alternatively prepare your contract online enabling you to issue final copies of the contract to each party at no extra cost. Integration with other RIBA documents The RIBA Building Contracts have been specifically written to integrate with the RIBA suite of professional services contracts (RIBA Agreements) and the RIBA Plan of Work 2013. Create your RIBA Building Contract online - it is quick, simple and straightforward Generating your building contract online allows you to create, alter, manage and view all of your contracts in one secure location before printing the final contract. For further details, go to: www.ribacontracts.com.

Border Shifts develops a more complex and multifaceted understanding of global borders, analysing internal and external EU borders from the Mediterranean region to the US-Mexico border, and exploring a range of issues including securitization, irregular migration, race, gender and human trafficking.

Early Thoughts on RNA and the Origin of Life The full impact of the essential role of the nucleic acids in biological systems was forcefully demonstrated by the research community in the 1950s. Although Avery and his collaborators had identified DNA as the genetic material responsible for the transformation of bacteria in 1944, it was not until the early 1950s that the Hershey-Chase experiments provided a more direct demonstration of this role. Finally, the structural DNA double helix proposed by Watson and Crick in 1953 clearly created a structural frame work for the role of DNA as both information carrier and as a molecule that could undergo the necessary replication needed for daughter cells. Research continued by Kornberg and his colleagues in the mid-1950s emphasized the biochemistry and enzymology of DNA replication. At the same time, there was a growing interest in the role of RNA. The 1956 dis covery by David Davies and myself showed that polyadenylic acid and polyuridylic acid could form a double-helical RNA molecule but that it differed somewhat from DN A A large number of experiments were subsequendy carried out with synthetic polyribonucleotides which illustrated that RNA could form even more complicated helical structures in which the specificity of hydrogen bonding was the key element in determining the molecular conformation. Finally, in I960,1 could show that it was possible to make a hybrid helix."

CO2 Acidification in Aquatic Ecosystems: An Integrative Approach to Risk Assessment focuses on the characterization of different aspects of ecosystem science to describe the situation of CO2 acidification in aquatic ecosystems. This extensive coverage looks at the effects of CO2 acidification throughout all oceans and coastal areas. In addition, the book describes integrative approaches based on global case studies to determine the effects associated with this kind of acidification. It allows the reader to understand the different sources of CO2 in the aquatic ecosystems and the different approaches and lines of evidence available to characterize the impact of this acidification. This book provides researchers, professors and post graduate students in oceanography and aquatic ecology with a new and complete tool set to address and understand the potential impacts of CO2 acidification in aquatic ecosystems.

A cross-disciplinary volume that combines and puts into dialogue perspectives on disasters, this book includes contributions from anthropology, history, cultural studies, sociology, and literary studies. Offering a rich and diverse set of arguments and analyses on the ever-relevant theme of catastrophe in the circum-Caribbean, it will encourage debate and collaboration between scholars working on disasters from a range of disciplinary perspectives.

Espectros is a compilation of original scholarly studies that presents the first volume-length exploration of the spectral in literature, film, and photography of Latin America, Spain, and the Latino diaspora. In recent decades, scholarship in deconstructionist "hauntology," trauma studies, affect in image theory, and a renewed interest in the Gothic genre, has given rise to a Spectral Studies approach to the study of narrative. Haunting, the spectral, and the effects of the unseen, carry a special weight in contemporary Latin American and Spanish cultures (referred to in the book as "Transhispanic cultures"), due to the ominous legacy of authoritarian governments and civil wars, as well as the imposition of the unseen yet tangible effects of global economics and neoliberal policies. Ribas and Petersen's detailed introductory analysis grounds haunting as a theoretical tool for literary and cultural criticism in the Transhispanic world, with an emphasis on the contemporary period from the end of the Cold War to the present. The chapters in this volume explore haunting from a diversity of perspectives, in particular engaging haunting as a manifestation of trauma, absence, and mourning. The editors carefully distinguish the collective, cultural dimension of historical trauma from the individual, psychological experience of the aftermath of a violent history, always taking into account unresolved social justice issues. The volume also addresses the association of the spectral photographic image with the concept of haunting because of the photograph's ability to reveal a presence that is traditionally absent or has been excluded from hegemonic representations of society. The volume concludes with a series of studies that address the unseen effects and progressive deterioration of the social fabric as a result of a globalized economy and neoliberal policies, from the modernization of the nation-state to present.

This practical manual presents the main drugs and protocols currently used in the psychopharmacological treatment of psychiatric disorders in cancer and palliative care settings and explores the principal issues involved in such treatment. Significant clinical challenges encountered in the psychopharmacological management of various psychiatric conditions are discussed, covering aspects such as side-effects and drug-drug interactions. Attention is also paid to the emerging theme of adjuvant use of psychotropic drugs for the treatment of symptoms or syndromes not primarily related to psychiatric disorders (e.g. pain, hot flashes). In addition, practical suggestions are provided for dealing with special populations, including children, the elderly, and people affected by severe mental illness. The book is designed to be easy to read and to reference: information is clearly displayed in concise tables and boxes, accompanied by further detail within the text and clinical vignettes. The authors include some of the most renowned clinicians working in the field of psycho-oncology.

Espectros is a compilation of original scholarly studies that presents the first volume-length exploration of the spectral in literature, film, and photography of Latin America, Spain, and the Latino diaspora. In recent decades, scholarship in deconstructionist "hauntology," trauma studies, affect in image theory, and a renewed interest in the Gothic genre, has given rise to a Spectral Studies approach to the study of narrative. Haunting, the spectral, and the effects of the unseen, carry a special weight in contemporary Latin American and Spanish cultures (referred to in the book as "Transhispanic cultures"), due to the ominous legacy of authoritarian governments and civil wars, as well as the imposition of the unseen yet tangible effects of global economics and neoliberal policies. Ribas and Petersen's detailed introductory analysis grounds haunting as a theoretical tool for literary and cultural criticism in the Transhispanic world, with an emphasis on the contemporary period from the end of the Cold War to the present. The chapters in this volume explore haunting from a diversity of perspectives, in particular engaging haunting as a manifestation of trauma, absence, and mourning. The editors carefully distinguish the collective, cultural dimension of historical trauma from the individual, psychological experience of the aftermath of a violent history, always taking into account unresolved social justice issues. The volume also addresses the association of the spectral photographic image with the concept of haunting because of the photograph's ability to reveal a presence that is traditionally absent or has been excluded from hegemonic representations of society. The volume concludes with a series of studies that address the unseen effects and progressive deterioration of the social fabric as a result of a globalized economy and neoliberal policies, from the modernization of the nation-state to present.