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The mechanisms controlling body weight or, to be more specific,
that component of body mass that consists of adipose tissue is an
active area of scientific research. Two stimuli can be discerned
that give a sense of urgency to this research. The first is the
data, from many sources, confirming an inexorable upward trend in
the prevalence of overweight and obesity in developed countries.
The picture in the emerging nations is unclear because of both a
lack of appropriate survey data and the continued scourge of under
nourishment among their poor. It is likely, however, that,
throughout the world, wherever disposable income and food
availability are high, obesity and overweight will be a continuing
and increasing problem. The second driving force among researchers
is the realization that, to date, there has been little success in
either stemming the tide of individuals experiencing excessive
adiposity or enabling them to recover a more desirable body weight
and composition. Such are the problems. But significant progress in
research into the origins and treatment of this condition is being
made, and in recent years has been brisk. Technical advances (such
as the ability to measure total energy expenditure in free-living
individuals with good reliability), new and imaginative thinking
and a determination not to be satisfied with hypotheses until they
have been thoroughly challenged by experiment have yielded
significant advances."
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