This book examines qualitatively and quantitatively the exploitation of African through colonialism and imperialism. The contribution included build on previous qualitative analyses of the effects of imperialism and colonialism in Africa.  Chapters expand on that body of work and introduce new ways to measure some of the benefits that accrued to Europe and North America through centuries of systematic underpayments and overcharges that one can consider abuse of dominance. The collection also adds to an ongoing process that is related to the growing work related to reparations.   This book, thereby, contributes to a process of changing international development assistance policy. It helps to create a basis for officially estimating the continuing gains from past and current actions against African economic, social, and political institutions and systems.  This edited volume, which showcases a diversity of scholars and their perspectives, attempts to establish wrongful benefits and damages from almost 600 years of international harm to the African continent.  

Basic information is provided on how contribution programs can be used in community-based development with satisfying results for all. Senior corporate managers are encouraged to go beyond traditional giving and to consider other areas. Concrete suggestions and a review of the experience of some of the pioneers are presented. For companies and foundations which have limited resources, but have a desire to participate, several techniques of indirect investments in social development are shown.

Richard America here redefines the complex problems of racial economic injustice, poverty, inequality, and lagging competitiveness and productivity in the United States. In a sure-to-be-controversial analysis, the author argues that there is a true debt owed by White America to Black America, that this debt is significant, and that it has now come due. He estimates the size of Whites' debt to Blacks, shows how that debt came to be, and suggests creative ways of paying it back. This book argues persuasively that the social and racial problems in the United States cannot be solved until we acknowledge that the "haves" truly and literally owe money to the "have nots."

This collection of essays examines the question of how injustices of the past affect entire groups of people today and outlines the current beneficiaries of these injustices. Although discriminatory practices can be based on ethnicity, religion, and gender, this book focuses on one important type--racial discrimination--and deals with the way it affects both blacks and whites. The authors address the question from different perspectives and, although there is no real consensus as to what extent unjust enrichments currently exist because of past discrimination, the focus of several essays is on the need to systematically and equitably redistribute wealth. In beginning to explore these questions, the volume addresses the larger issues of how the costs and benefits of past practices can be measured and how historical injustices should affect current public policy matters. The volume is organized in a straightforward manner intended to create an integrated discussion. An introductory essay charts the development of the project and offers a summary and critique of each essay. The first section explores the issue of slavery and current policy and considers the caution required when developing policy based on disputed models and assumptions. The second section examines the economic impact of slavery and discrimination on the functioning of the labor market. In the final section, some of the implications of redistribution policies are considered in relation to the various cost and benefit analyses. A final essay and conclusion sum up the study and outline the broad policy setting in which this work can take place. The book will be an important resource for courses in history, sociology, andpublic policy and an important addition to public and university libraries.