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The Codex epistolaris Carolinus preserves ninety-nine letters,
dated between 739 and 791 and sent by the popes to the Frankish
king Charlemagne and his predecessors. The compilation was
commissioned by Charlemagne in 791, but the sole surviving medieval
manuscript of the letters was made at Cologne in the later ninth
century and is now in Vienna (OEsterreichische Nationalbibliothek
Cod. 449). The headings or lemmata provided for each letter by the
Frankish compilers in 791 and faithfully preserved in the codex,
add a distinctive Frankish commentary on events in Rome and Italy
in the second half of the eighth century. This book not only
provides the first full English translation of the letters and
lemmata in the Codex epistolaris Carolinus but also re-creates the
original Carolingian order of presentation of the letters according
to the manuscript. A substantial introduction discusses the
historical significance of the collection, the compilation and
contexts of the Vienna manuscript, especially the significance of
the lemmata, the peculiarities of the Latin of the papal letters
and the biblical citations, and the historical context of the
letters themselves. The lemmata and letter translations are
augmented with introductions to each letter and a comprehensive
historical commentary and glossary.
Collects new insights on current security problems, especially
those related to arms control and disarmament. Contributors argue
that the cooperative efforts of NGOs and middle powers have
positively impacted the use of child soldiers, the employment of
cluster bombs, landmines, nuclear weapons, and the proliferation of
small arms and light weapons. In doing so, they conclusively show
that global players other than superpowers can create alternative
and effective solutions to enduring security problems.
Where do we go after we die? This book traces how the European
Middle Ages offered distinctive answers to this universal question,
evolving from Antiquity through to the sixteenth century, to
reflect a variety of problems and developments. Focussing on texts
describing visions of the afterlife, alongside art and theology,
this volume explores heaven, hell, and purgatory as they were
imagined across Europe, as well as by noted authors including
Gregory the Great and Dante. A cross-disciplinary team of
contributors including historians, literary scholars, classicists,
art historians and theologians offer not only a fascinating sketch
of both medieval perceptions and the wide scholarship on this
question: they also provide a much-needed new perspective. Where
the twelfth century was once the 'high point' of the medieval
afterlife, the essays here show that the afterlives of the early
and later Middle Ages were far more important and imaginative than
we once thought.
Where do we go after we die? This book traces how the European
Middle Ages offered distinctive answers to this universal question,
evolving from Antiquity through to the sixteenth century, to
reflect a variety of problems and developments. Focussing on texts
describing visions of the afterlife, alongside art and theology,
this volume explores heaven, hell, and purgatory as they were
imagined across Europe, as well as by noted authors including
Gregory the Great and Dante. A cross-disciplinary team of
contributors including historians, literary scholars, classicists,
art historians and theologians offer not only a fascinating sketch
of both medieval perceptions and the wide scholarship on this
question: they also provide a much-needed new perspective. Where
the twelfth century was once the 'high point' of the medieval
afterlife, the essays here show that the afterlives of the early
and later Middle Ages were far more important and imaginative than
we once thought.
Violent conflict, climate change, and poverty present distinct
threats to women worldwide. Importantly, women are leading the way
creating and sharing sustainable solutions. Women's security is a
valuable analytical tool as well as a political agenda insofar as
it addresses the specific problems affecting women's ability to
live dignified, free, and secure lives. First, this collection
focuses on how conflict impacts women's lives and well-being,
including rape and gendered constructions of ethnicity, race, and
religion. The book's second section looks beyond the scope of
large-scale violence to examine human security in terms of
environmental policy, food, water, health, and economics.
Multidisciplinary in scope, these essays from new and established
contributors draw from gender studies, international relations,
criminology, political science, economics, sociology, biological
and ecological sciences, and planning.
Economic development, population growth and poor resource
management have combined to alter the planet's natural environment
in dramatic and alarming ways. For over twenty years, considerable
research and debate have focused on clarifying or disputing
linkages between various forms of environmental change and various
understandings of security. At one extreme lie sceptics who contend
that the linkages are weak or even non-existent; they are simply
attempts to harness the resources of the security arena to an
environmental agenda. At the other extreme lie those who believe
that these linkages may be the most important drivers of security
in the 21st century; indeed, the very future of humankind may be at
stake. This book brings together contributions from a range of
disciplines to present a critical and comprehensive overview of the
research and debate linking environmental factors to security. It
provides a framework for representing and understanding key areas
of intellectual convergence and disagreement, clarifying
achievements of the research as well as identifying its weaknesses
and gaps. Part I explores the various ways environmental change and
security have been linked, and provides principal critiques of this
linkage. Part II explores the linkage through analysis of key issue
areas such as climate change, energy, water, food, population, and
development. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of the
value of this subfield of security studies, and with some ideas
about the questions it might profitably address in the future. This
volume is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of the
field. With contributions from around the world, it combines
established and emerging scholars to offer a platform for the next
wave of research and policy activity. It is invaluable for both
students and practitioners interested in international relations,
environment studies and human geography.
Economic development, population growth and poor resource
management have combined to alter the planet's natural environment
in dramatic and alarming ways. For over twenty years, considerable
research and debate have focused on clarifying or disputing
linkages between various forms of environmental change and various
understandings of security. At one extreme lie sceptics who contend
that the linkages are weak or even non-existent; they are simply
attempts to harness the resources of the security arena to an
environmental agenda. At the other extreme lie those who believe
that these linkages may be the most important drivers of security
in the 21st century; indeed, the very future of humankind may be at
stake. This book brings together contributions from a range of
disciplines to present a critical and comprehensive overview of the
research and debate linking environmental factors to security. It
provides a framework for representing and understanding key areas
of intellectual convergence and disagreement, clarifying
achievements of the research as well as identifying its weaknesses
and gaps. Part I explores the various ways environmental change and
security have been linked, and provides principal critiques of this
linkage. Part II explores the linkage through analysis of key issue
areas such as climate change, energy, water, food, population, and
development. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of the
value of this subfield of security studies, and with some ideas
about the questions it might profitably address in the future. This
volume is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of the
field. With contributions from around the world, it combines
established and emerging scholars to offer a platform for the next
wave of research and policy activity. It is invaluable for both
students and practitioners interested in international relations,
environment studies and human geography.
Health and Safety Enforcement: Law and Practice has become the
leading text for practitioners in this complex and growing branch
of the law, providing an authoritative and practical guide to the
key issues in health and safety enforcement from two leading
specialists in this area. This fourth edition continues to provide
comprehensive coverage of health and safety inspectors' enforcement
powers, the service and appeal of improvement and prohibition
notices, and the law relating to health and safety offences, as
well as expanded coverage of work-related death investigations,
corporate and gross negligence manslaughter prosecutions, inquests,
and the Coroner's procedure. The authors draw on their combined
experience in the field to offer expert guidance on advising both
individual and corporate clients while the inclusion of relevant
extracts from the key statutes and the most important Health and
Safety Regulations ensures ease of reference to the regulations.
Comprehensively and meticulously updated, this edition now also
covers the vastly changed regulatory landscape, including the HSE
'fees for intervention', and provides a start-to-finish guide to
criminal procedure in a health and safety case, including the
recent changes to fines in the magistrates' courts. The authors
also offer commentary on the new sentencing guidelines in respect
of health and safety offences and corporate manslaughter, which are
expected in late 2015, and insightful analysis of important
decisions and their practical implications, such as R v Tangerine
& Veolia, and other recent case law.
The Blackstone's Guide Series delivers concise and accessible books
covering the latest legislative changes and amendments. Published
soon after enactment, they offer expert commentary by leading names
on the effects, extent and scope of the legislation, plus a full
copy of the Act itself. They offer a cost-effective solution to key
information needs and are the perfect companion for any
practitioner needing to get up to speed with the latest changes.
The Corporate Manslaughter Act 2007 establishes a statutory offence
of manslaughter through gross negligence for organizations whose
acts or omissions, in breach of a duty of care, cause the death of
a person. It has swept away the common law and provided for an
offence, liability for which is part decided by the judge and part
by the jury at trial. For the first time, Crown immunity has been
removed and named departments and government bodies can face
prosecution where such a death has occurred. This book covers in
detail all the elements of the new offence and provides a full,
clear analysis both of the Act and the common law principles
involved in determining the existence of a relevant duty of care.
It will be of benefit to all legal practitioners and others
advising organizations on the impact of the new offence and upon
potential liability for corporate manslaughter. Its logical style
and careful analysis of the provisions make it an essential
purchase for all those involved in a corporate manslaughter
investigation or subsequent prosecution.
There is significant academic interest in the field of art and
neurological disorders. Considering how artistic expression may be
modified by alterations in neural circuits, as well as in our
bodies and everyday lives, associated with a range of disorders and
diseases is a rich territory from which to understand the workings
of our brains, the unique blend of factors leading to human art
making, and disease itself. This book will be an expose of how
different neurological disorders may influence and/or relate to the
artistic process, with a particular focus on visual art and
painting. The book will interrogate the question of different
aspects of neurological disorders and associated brain changes that
may impact artistic expression (and vice versa) and will include
devoted chapters on Parkinson's disease, Epilepsy, Mood Disorders,
Autism, and Schizophrenia. Moreover, we will elaborate on the
question from the perspective of the artist themselves, with
chapters that highlight the artistic process in the context of
lived experience (either directly or indirectly) with
disease-mediated brain changes. Finally, engagement in creative
acts has been linked to therapeutic benefits in multiple disease
processes and neuroplasticity, which is another line of inquiry
directly addressed in the book. As a whole, the volume focuses on
themes and concepts at the boundary of creativity and neuroscience
in such a way as to be relevant to both the medical and broader
(artistic) community.
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