|
Showing 1 - 2 of
2 matches in All Departments
From early explorers to contemporary scientists, naturalists have
examined island flora and fauna of Oceania, discovering new
species, carefully documenting the lives of animals, and creating
work central to the image of Oceania. These "discoveries" and
exploratory moves have had profound local and global impacts.
Often, however, local knowledge and communities are silent in the
ethologies and histories that naturalists produce. This volume
analyzes the ways that Indigenous and non-Indigenous naturalists
have made island natures visible to a wider audience, their
relationship with the communities where they work, as well as the
unique natures that they explore and help make. In staking out an
area of naturalist histories, each contributor addresses the
relationship between naturalists and Oceanic communities, how these
histories shaped past and present place and practices, the
influence on conservations and development projects, and the
relationship between scientific and indigenous knowledge. The
essays span across colonial and postcolonial frames, tracing shifts
in biological practice from the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century
focus on taxonomy and discovery to the twentieth-century
disciplinary restructurings and new collecting strategies, and
contemporary concerns with biodiversity loss, conservation, and
knowledge formation. The production of scientific knowledge is
typically seen in ethnographic accounts as oppositional,
contrasting Indigenous and western, local and global, objective and
subjective. Such dichotomous views reinforce differences and
further exaggerate inequities in the production of knowledge. More
dangerously, value distinctions become embedded in discussions of
Indigenous identity, rights, and sovereignty. Contributors
acknowledge that these dichotomous narratives have dominated the
approach of the scientific community while informing how social
scientists have understood the contributions of Pacific
communities. The essays offer a nuanced gradient as historical
narratives of scientific investigation, in dialogue with local
histories, and reveal greater levels of participation in the
creation of knowledge. The volume highlights how power infuses the
scientific endeavor and offers a distinct and diverse view of
knowledge production in Oceania. Combining senior and emerging
international scholars, the collection will be of interest to
researchers in the social sciences, history, as well as biology and
allied fields.
This book formulates a theory of the origin and evolution of the
police function, using both historical and cross-cultural analysis.
It explains the incremental changes in the police function
associated with the transition from kinship-based to
class-dominated societies, and examines the implications of these
changes for modern police-community relations. It suggests that the
police institution has a double and contradictory function: at the
same time, and in the same society, it seeks to be the agent of the
people it polices and of the dominant class. The authors critique
community policing and suggest how communities may be reconstituted
in order to create a community police. A comprehensive bibliography
enhances this study for students, teachers, and professionals in
the fields of criminal justice and sociology.
|
|