Constant change is what marks the history of the European city. Over centuries, architecture's reactions to social disruptions-natural disaster, plague, or war-have fashioned the city into an engine of civilization. And bound up with this has been the promise of economic independence, social cohesion, and individual freedom. Now fundamental challenges, such as climate change, are bringing cities face to face with new transformations that call into question the continuity and sustainability of the ethical foundations underpinning urban ways of life. Bold and decisive steps are needed. How far can urban planning, landscape planning, and architecture foster the vital processes of change? How can the city offset possible losses caused by altered lifestyles, integrate new technologies, or rehearse new forms of behaviour and ultimately sublimate them into a functioning culture? In this volume, the members of the Architecture Section of the Akademie der Kunste Berlin and their invited guests from all over Europe introduce their positions by means of projects, visions, and manifestos. Essays by selected authors with different viewpoints supplement the practical discourse. Published by Tim Rieniets, Matthias Sauerbruch, and Joern Walter on behalf of the Akademie der Kunste, Berlin. With a photoessay by Erik-Jan Ouwerkerk.

Die Geschichte der europaischen Stadt ist durch standigen Wandel gepragt. Bauliche Reaktionen auf gesellschaftliche Bruche, verursacht durch Naturkatastrophen, Seuchen oder Kriege, haben die Stadt in Europa durch die Jahrhunderte zum Zivilisationsmotor entwickelt. Damit einher ging das Versprechen von wirtschaftlicher Unabhangigkeit, sozialem Zusammenhalt und individueller Freiheit. Fundamentale Herausforderungen wie der Klimawandel konfrontieren Stadte heute mit Veranderungen, die die Kontinuitat und Nachhaltigkeit der ethischen Grundlagen stadtischer Lebensformen in Frage stellen. Mutige und entschlossene Schritte sind erforderlich. Inwieweit koennen Massnahmen des Stadtebaus, der Landschaftsplanung und der Architektur die notwendigen Veranderungsprozesse befoerdern? Wie koennen in der Stadt etwaige mit der Umstellung von Lebensstilen verbundene Verluste kompensiert, neue Technologien integriert, neue Verhaltensformen eingeubt und letztlich zu einer funktionierenden Kultur sublimiert werden? Die Mitglieder der Sektion Baukunst der Akademie der Kunste, Berlin und ihre eingeladenen Gaste aus ganz Europa stellen anhand von Projekten, Visionen und Manifesten ihre Positionen vor. Essays ausgewahlter Autorinnen und Autoren erganzen den praktischen Diskurs aus unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln. Herausgegeben von Tim Rieniets, Matthias Sauerbruch und Joern Walter im Auftrag der Akademie der Kunste, Berlin. Mit einem Fotoessay von Erik-Jan Ouwerkerk.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfangen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen fur die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfugung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden mussen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Master's Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, grade: 7,5, Tilburg University, course: International Law - Human Rights, language: English, abstract: Trafficking in Human Beings (THB) for sexual and labour exploitation is a severe violation of Human Rights. Yet, while efforts both on a European as well as international level, aim to combat and eradicate this heinous crime, reality depicts a worldwide rise in THB. Trafficking in Human Beings is a truly lucrative business for the perpetrators of organized crime, whilst predominantly targeting the most vulnerable groups in society. The European and international discourse on Trafficking in Human Beings has recognized that the previous criminal law approach to THB in some countries is ineffective in combating this crime. This is evident in the global rise of THB. The criminal law approach, with a narrow focus on the prosecution of perpetrators, disregarded the plight of the victims of THB and their highly vulnerable position. Thus an increased focus has been given to a comprehensive approach to trafficking in human beings, which must implement a human rights based approach, in order to place the victims at the center of focus, whilst aiming to strengthen their position and protection. The 2010 judgment of Rantsev v Cyprus and Russia at the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) reflects the discourse on a more comprehensive approach to Trafficking in Human Beings and was a watershed as regards the positive obligations of state parties, in combating THB. In its landmark judgment in Rantsev, the European Court of Human Rights broadly extended the positive obligations of states, party to the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) under its Article 4.Article 4 provides safeguards against slavery, servitude and forced or compulsory labour.Article 4 does not mention Trafficking in Human Beings but was established to fall within the

New solutions to the way in which the resources within the city can be best used. Resources are the stuff of which the future is made. The city itself is a resource, as it opens up a wide range of possibilities for every individual and for society as a whole. The city is not an inexhaustible resource, however. Only if it is used in a sustainable way and if it does not solely serve short-term, isolated interests, can it also fulfill the needs of future generations. The biggest challenge for contemporary urban design is, therefore, to plan the city itself as a regenerative cycle, not only in terms of shaping its spatial and aesthetic qualities, but also in relation to its development over time. Using articles, student projects, and examples, this book presents methods and strategies for designing the city as a resource; it thus lends a new meaning to the idea of sustainable building.