Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Vaccine Law and Policy is the first book on vaccine law and policy written specifically for the general public or an educated lay audience without legal background. It offers comprehensive but accessible coverage of key aspects of vaccine law and policy, from product development and intellectual property protections, to regulation, public mandates, and vaccine injury claims. The COVID-19 pandemic sparked a growing interest in learning more about vaccine law and policy, as vaccine development, access, safety and requirements became relevant to hundreds of millions of people worldwide. This book covers United States law in most detail, but the developments and trends described have parallels in many countries, and the United States model and its actions influence others. Some of the most widely used vaccines against COVID-19 - mRNA vaccines – were developed in the United States, and choices made in the United States impact other countries. United States law currently has so much to say about vaccines. From the federal mandate President Biden enacted requiring federal employees to be vaccinated against COVID-19, to the growing number of private employers requiring vaccines to return to work, vaccine law has become a prevalent topic in everyday life. But there is little writing about the legal aspects of vaccines directed at the general public or an educated lay audience without a legal background. Vaccine Law and Policy will not only be invaluable to professionals implementing vaccine law and policy, but also to regulators, public health officials, and scientific researchers. Vaccine Law and Policy covers the wide range of laws and policies that impact the field. These include, among others, regulatory oversight by the FDA, one of the most influential bodies in drug and vaccines regulation worldwide, enforcement, and regulation of the research and development of vaccines; vaccine mandates for children and in the workplace, and medical, religious, and philosophical exemptions to them; patent law and other intellectual property protections such as trademark, trade secret, unfair competition, and copyright law; compensation for vaccine injuries under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (NVICP) and other avenues of liability; safety monitoring; access to vaccines, their promotion, and issues related to funding and costs. The book will also discuss issues related to anti-vaccine movements and vaccine advocacy.

This book provides practical information about web archives, offers inspiring examples for web archivists, raises new challenges, and shares recent research results about access methods to explore information from the past preserved by web archives. The book is structured in six parts. Part 1 advocates for the importance of web archives to preserve our collective memory in the digital era, demonstrates the problem of web ephemera and shows how web archiving activities have been trying to address this challenge. Part 2 then focuses on different strategies for selecting web content to be preserved and on the media types that different web archives host. It provides an overview of efforts to address the preservation of web content as well as smaller-scale but high-quality collections of social media or audiovisual content. Next, Part 3 presents examples of initiatives to improve access to archived web information and provides an overview of access mechanisms for web archives designed to be used by humans or automatically accessed by machines. Part 4 presents research use cases for web archives. It also discusses how to engage more researchers in exploiting web archives and provides inspiring research studies performed using the exploration of web archives. Subsequently, Part 5 demonstrates that web archives should become crucial infrastructures for modern connected societies. It makes the case for developing web archives as research infrastructures and presents several inspiring examples of added-value services built on web archives. Lastly, Part 6 reflects on the evolution of the web and the sustainability of web archiving activities. It debates the requirements and challenges for web archives if they are to assume the responsibility of being societal infrastructures that enable the preservation of memory. This book targets academics and advanced professionals in a broad range of research areas such as digital humanities, social sciences, history, media studies and information or computer science. It also aims to fill the need for a scholarly overview to support lecturers who would like to introduce web archiving into their courses by offering an initial reference for students.

Controlling Sex in Captivity is the first book to examine the nature, extent and impact of the sexual activities of Axis prisoners of war in the United States during the Second World War. Historians have so far interpreted the interactions between captors and captives in America as the beginning of the post-war friendship between the United States, Germany and Italy. Matthias Reiss argues that this paradigm is too simplistic. Widespread fraternisation also led to sexual relationships which created significant negative publicity, and some Axis POWs got caught up in the U.S. Army's new campaign against homosexuals. By focusing on the fight against fraternisation and same-sex activities, this study treads new ground. It stresses that contact between captors and captives was often loaded with conflict and influenced by perceptions of gender and race. It highlights the transnational impact of fraternisation and argues that the prisoners' sojourn in the United States also influenced American society by fuelling a growing concern about social disintegration and sexual deviancy, which eventually triggered a conservative backlash after the war.

Offering a new view and a fascinating understanding of coma states, this hope-filled work explains technology-driven insights and describes practices with which family members and caregivers can help promote recovery. Exciting scientific discoveries are validating what coma therapists Dr. Pierre Morin and Dr. Gary Reiss have been teaching for years: that coma patients' awareness is both detailed and complex, and their chances of significant recovery is much greater than previously thought. Inside Coma: A New View of Awareness, Healing, and Hope describes practical, body-centered ways of communicating with coma patients, showing family members and caregivers how to enter the patient's inner world of experience to engage their will and power to heal. Advocating for a new, ethical sensitivity that gives patients in remote and comatose states a right to exist, the authors explain the newest developments in the cutting-edge treatment of coma patients through a mind-body approach to medicine and healing, placing these developments in the context of the changing field of consciousness studies. They teach, challenge, and inspire readers to a new level of understanding, compassion, and intervention, offering basic tools with which health-care professionals and family members alike can begin this remarkably effective work. Heartwarming stories that engender genuine hope for professionals and families dealing with this most difficult area of treatment More than 20 relevant exercises that help the reader to understand the coma state and how to be most useful to the person in this state An appendix that expands on scientific and philosophical concepts introduced in the book and includes reference links A glossary of basic terms of process-oriented coma work and related medical terms A bibliography

Summary of HUNGER: Martina Newberry's most recent book, HUNGER, is daring, complex, and, at the same time, accessible. Found here is dreaming, abstraction, grief, joy, sexuality, guilt, chagrin, anger, and humor. Newberry's voice haunts us with her (and our) perplexity in living in a world that strives for goodness, but is slaked by miscommunication, lies and war. This book is an achievement in skill, perception, and spirit.

This book reports on a study on physics problem solving in real classrooms situations. Problem solving plays a pivotal role in the physics curriculum at all levels. However, physics students' performance in problem solving all too often remains limited to basic routine problems, with evidence of poor performance in solving problems that go beyond equation retrieval and substitution. Adopting an action research methodology, the study bridges the `research-practical divide by explicitly teaching physics problem-solving strategies through collaborative group problem-solving sessions embedded within the curriculum. Data were collected using external assessments and video recordings of individual and collaborative group problem-solving sessions by 16-18 year-olds. The analysis revealed a positive shift in the students' problem-solving patterns, both at group and individual level. Students demonstrated a deliberate, well-planned deployment of the taught strategies. The marked positive shifts in collaborative competences, cognitive competences, metacognitive processing and increased self-efficacy are positively correlated with attainment in problem solving in physics. However, this shift proved to be due to different mechanisms triggered in the different students.

Science education, particularly school science education, has long had an uneasy relationship with ethics, being unsure whether to embrace ethics or leave it to others. In this book, the authors argue that while the methods of science and of ethics are very different, ethics plays a key role in how science is undertaken and used. And so, ethics has a central place in science education, whether we are talking of school science education, for students of all ages, or the informal science education that takes place in through internet, books, magazines, TV and radio, or in places such as hospitals and zoos. Written for science educators based in schools and elsewhere, the authors make no assumptions that the reader has any knowledge of ethics beyond the background understandings of morality that virtually all of us have. Empowered with the knowledge shared in this book, readers will feel confident about the place that ethics has in science education. The authors provide a rich array of examples as to how science education, both in school and out of school, and for all ages, can be enhanced through including teaching about ethics.

Moving boldly between literary analysis and political theory, contemporary and antebellum US culture, Arthur Riss invites readers to rethink prevailing accounts of the relationship between slavery, liberalism, and literary representation. Situating Nathaniel Hawthorne, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and Frederick Douglass at the center of antebellum debates over the person-hood of the slave, this 2006 book examines how a nation dedicated to the proposition that 'all men are created equal' formulates arguments both for and against race-based slavery. This revisionary argument promises to be unsettling for literary critics, political philosophers, historians of US slavery, as well as those interested in the link between literature and human rights.