This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Static Analysis Symposium, SAS 2016, held in Edinburgh, UK, in September 2016. The 21 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 55 submissions. The contributions cover a variety of multi-disciplinary topics in abstract domains; abstract interpretation; abstract testing; bug detection; data flow analysis; model checking; new applications; program transformation; program verification; security analysis; theoretical frameworks; and type checking.

Founded on the core notion that we have reached a turning point in the governance, and thus the conservation, of ecosystems and the environment, this edited volume features more than 20 original chapters, each informed by the paradigm shift in the sector over the last decade. Where once the emphasis was on strategies for conservation, enacted through instruments of control such as planning and 'polluter pays' legislation, more recent developments have shown a shift towards incentive-based arrangements aimed at those responsible for providing the environmental services enabled by such ecosystems. Encouraging shared responsibility for watershed management, developed in Costa Rica, is a prime example, and the various interests involved in its instauration in Java are one of the subjects examined here.

Founded on the core notion that we have reached a turning point in the governance, and thus the conservation, of ecosystems and the environment, this edited volume features more than 20 original chapters, each informed by the paradigm shift in the sector over the last decade. Where once the emphasis was on strategies for conservation, enacted through instruments of control such as planning and polluter pays legislation, more recent developments have shown a shift towards incentive-based arrangements aimed at those responsible for providing the environmental services enabled by such ecosystems. Encouraging shared responsibility for watershed management, developed in Costa Rica, is a prime example, and the various interests involved in its instauration in Java are one of the subjects examined here.

This volume contains all twenty-three of the principal survey papers presented at the Symposium on Ordered Sets held at Banff, Canada from August 28 to September 12, 1981. The Symposium was supported by grants from the NATO Advanced Study Institute programme, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Canadian Mathematical Society Summer Research Institute programme, and the University of Calgary. tve are very grateful to these Organizations for their considerable interest and support. Over forty years ago on April 15, 1938 the first Symposium on Lattice Theory was held in Charlottesville, U.S.A. in conjunction with a meeting of the American Mathematical Society. The principal addresses on that occasion were Lattices and their applications by G. Birkhoff, On the application of structure theory to groups by O. Ore, and The representation of Boolean algebras by M. H. Stone. The texts of these addresses and three others by R. Baer, H. M. MacNeille, and K. Menger appear in the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, Volume 44, 1938. In those days the theory of ordered sets, and especially lattice theory was described as a "vigorous and promising younger brother of group theory." Some early workers hoped that lattice theoretic methods would lead to solutions of important problems in group theory."

This volume contains the accounts of the principal survey papers presented at GRAPHS and ORDER, held at Banff, Canada from May 18 to May 31, 1984. This conference was supported by grants from the N.A.T.O. Advanced Study Institute programme, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the University of Calgary. We are grateful for all of this considerable support. Almost fifty years ago the first Symposium on Lattice Theory was held in Charlottesville, U.S.A. On that occasion the principal lectures were delivered by G. Birkhoff, O. Ore and M.H. Stone. In those days the theory of ordered sets was thought to be a vigorous relative of group theory. Some twenty-five years ago the Symposium on Partially Ordered Sets and Lattice Theory was held in Monterey, U.S.A. Among the principal speakers at that meeting were R.P. Dilworth, B. Jonsson, A. Tarski and G. Birkhoff. Lattice theory had turned inward: it was concerned primarily with problems about lattices themselves. As a matter of fact the problems that were then posed have, by now, in many instances, been completely solved.

This volume contains the texts of the principal survey papers presented at ALGORITHMS -and ORDER, held. at Ottawa, Canada from June 1 to June 12, 1987. The conference was supported by grants from the N.A.T.O. Advanced Study Institute programme, the University of Ottawa, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We are grateful for this considerable support. Over fifty years ago, the Symposium on Lattice Theory, in Charlottesville, U.S.A., proclaimed the vitality of ordered sets. Only twenty years later the Symposium on Partially Ordered Sets and Lattice Theory, held at Monterey, U.S.A., had solved many of the problems that had been originally posed. In 1981, the Symposium on Ordered Sets held at Banff, Canada, continued this tradition. It was marked by a landmark volume containing twenty-three articles on almost all current topics in the theory of ordered sets and its applications. Three years after, Graphs and Orders, also held at Banff, Canada, aimed to document the role of graphs in the theory of ordered sets and its applications. Because of its special place in the landscape of the mathematical sciences order is especially sensitive to new trends and developments. Today, the most important current in the theory and application of order springs from theoretical computer seience. Two themes of computer science lead the way. The first is data structure. Order is common to data structures."

The passionate response of the British public to the Newbury Bypass is a revealing measure of how strongly people feel about trees and the environment. Similarly, in the United States, the giant sequoia of California is an enduring national symbol that inspires intense feelings. As rainforests are sacrificed to the interests of multi-national corporations and traditional ways of life disappear, the status of forests, the cultural significance of trees, and the impact of conservation policies are subjects that have inspired intense engagement. Why do people feel so strongly about trees? With this explosion of interest in environmental issues, a serious study of what trees mean to people has long been overdue. This interdisciplinary book responds to this need by providing the first cross-cultural analysis of tree symbolism. Drawing on rich case studies, contributors explore the processes through which trees are used as metaphors of identity and continuity. Political struggles over forest resources feature prominently, and the perceptions of trees in various cultures provide telling insights into the ways in which human societies conceptualize nature.As well as being a major contribution to the field of symbolic anthropology, this comprehensive study will be essential reading for students in a wide range of courses and for anyone with a keen interest in the politics of ecology, the occult and neo-paganism, and the history and sociology of environmentalism in its widest sense.

The passionate response of the British public to the Newbury Bypass is a revealing measure of how strongly people feel about trees and the environment. Similarly, in the United States, the giant sequoia of California is an enduring national symbol that inspires intense feelings. As rainforests are sacrificed to the interests of multi-national corporations and traditional ways of life disappear, the status of forests, the cultural significance of trees, and the impact of conservation policies are subjects that have inspired intense engagement. Why do people feel so strongly about trees? With this explosion of interest in environmental issues, a serious study of what trees mean to people has long been overdue.
This interdisciplinary book responds to this need by providing the first cross-cultural analysis of tree symbolism. Drawing on rich case studies, contributors explore the processes through which trees are used as metaphors of identity and continuity. Political struggles over forest resources feature prominently, and the perceptions of trees in various cultures provide telling insights into the ways in which human societies conceptualize nature.
As well as being a major contribution to the field of symbolic anthropology, this comprehensive study will be essential reading for students in a wide range of courses and for anyone with a keen interest in the politics of ecology, the occult and neo-paganism, and the history and sociology of environmentalism in its widest sense.

This volume contains the texts of the principal survey papers presented at ALGORITHMS -and ORDER, held. at Ottawa, Canada from June 1 to June 12, 1987. The conference was supported by grants from the N.A.T.O. Advanced Study Institute programme, the University of Ottawa, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We are grateful for this considerable support. Over fifty years ago, the Symposium on Lattice Theory, in Charlottesville, U.S.A., proclaimed the vitality of ordered sets. Only twenty years later the Symposium on Partially Ordered Sets and Lattice Theory, held at Monterey, U.S.A., had solved many of the problems that had been originally posed. In 1981, the Symposium on Ordered Sets held at Banff, Canada, continued this tradition. It was marked by a landmark volume containing twenty-three articles on almost all current topics in the theory of ordered sets and its applications. Three years after, Graphs and Orders, also held at Banff, Canada, aimed to document the role of graphs in the theory of ordered sets and its applications. Because of its special place in the landscape of the mathematical sciences order is especially sensitive to new trends and developments. Today, the most important current in the theory and application of order springs from theoretical computer seience. Two themes of computer science lead the way. The first is data structure. Order is common to data structures."

This volume contains the accounts of the principal survey papers presented at GRAPHS and ORDER, held at Banff, Canada from May 18 to May 31, 1984. This conference was supported by grants from the N.A.T.O. Advanced Study Institute programme, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the University of Calgary. We are grateful for all of this considerable support. Almost fifty years ago the first Symposium on Lattice Theory was held in Charlottesville, U.S.A. On that occasion the principal lectures were delivered by G. Birkhoff, O. Ore and M.H. Stone. In those days the theory of ordered sets was thought to be a vigorous relative of group theory. Some twenty-five years ago the Symposium on Partially Ordered Sets and Lattice Theory was held in Monterey, U.S.A. Among the principal speakers at that meeting were R.P. Dilworth, B. Jonsson, A. Tarski and G. Birkhoff. Lattice theory had turned inward: it was concerned primarily with problems about lattices themselves. As a matter of fact the problems that were then posed have, by now, in many instances, been completely solved.

This volume contains all twenty-three of the principal survey papers presented at the Symposium on Ordered Sets held at Banff, Canada from August 28 to September 12, 1981. The Symposium was supported by grants from the NATO Advanced Study Institute programme, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Canadian Mathematical Society Summer Research Institute programme, and the University of Calgary. tve are very grateful to these Organizations for their considerable interest and support. Over forty years ago on April 15, 1938 the first Symposium on Lattice Theory was held in Charlottesville, U.S.A. in conjunction with a meeting of the American Mathematical Society. The principal addresses on that occasion were Lattices and their applications by G. Birkhoff, On the application of structure theory to groups by O. Ore, and The representation of Boolean algebras by M. H. Stone. The texts of these addresses and three others by R. Baer, H. M. MacNeille, and K. Menger appear in the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, Volume 44, 1938. In those days the theory of ordered sets, and especially lattice theory was described as a "vigorous and promising younger brother of group theory." Some early workers hoped that lattice theoretic methods would lead to solutions of important problems in group theory."

This text provides the reader with tools necessary to study biological and bio-inspired flows, all the while developing an appreciation for their evolutionary and engineering constraints. It is suitable for students already exposed to introductory concepts in fluid mechanics and applied mechanics as a whole, but who would not need an advanced training in fluid mechanics per se. Currently no textbook exists that can take students from an introductory position in fluid mechanics to these contemporary topics of interest. The book is ideal for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students studying a range of engineering domains as well as biology, or even medicine.

Updating Neanderthals: Understanding Behavioral Complexity in the Late Middle Paleolithic provides comprehensive knowledge on Neanderthals who lived throughout the European and Asian continents. The book synthesizes historical information about the study of Middle Paleolithic populations and presents current debates about their genetics, subsistence, technology, social and cognitive behaviors. It focuses on the last phase of Neanderthal settlements and presents the main patterns of modern humans across Europe. Written by international experts on the Middle Paleolithic who have conducted innovative studies in the last three decades, this book explores the implications of interactions between different human species, including Neanderthals, Denisovans and Sapiens. In addition, the book discusses the diversity and variability of human adaptations and behaviors in the changing climate and environment of the Late Pleistocene, and the relationship between these behaviors, demography and cognitive capabilities.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Verification, Model Checking and Abstract Interpretation, VMCAI 2014, held in San Diego, CA, USA, in January 2013. The 25 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 64 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics including program verification, model checking, abstract interpretation and abstract domains, program synthesis, static analysis, type systems, deductive methods, program certification, debugging techniques, program transformation, optimization, hybrid and cyber-physical systems.

The Huaorani of Ecuador lived as hunters and gatherers in the Amazonian rainforest for hundred of years, largely undisturbed by western civilization. Since their first encounter with North American missionaries in 1956, they have held a special place in journalistic and popular imagination as "Ecuador's last savages." "Trekking Through History" is the first description of Huaorani society and culture according to modern standards of ethnographic writing. Through her comprehensive study of their extraordinary tradition of trekking, Laura Rival shows that the Huaorani cannot be seen merely as anachronistic survivors of the Spanish Conquest. Her critical reappraisal of the notions of agricultural regression and cultural devolution challenges the universal application of the thesis that marginal tribes of the Amazon Basin represent devolved populations who have lost their knowledge of agriculture. Far from being an evolutionary event, trekking expresses cultural creativity and political agency. Through her detailed comparative discussion of native Amazonian representations of history and the environment, Rival illustrates the unique way the Huaorani have socialized nature by choosing to depend on resources created in the past -- highlighting the unique contribution anthropology makes to the study of environmental history.

A self-contained introduction to abstract interpretation-based static analysis, an essential resource for students, developers, and users. Static program analysis, or static analysis, aims to discover semantic properties of programs without running them. It plays an important role in all phases of development, including verification of specifications and programs, the synthesis of optimized code, and the refactoring and maintenance of software applications. This book offers a self-contained introduction to static analysis, covering the basics of both theoretical foundations and practical considerations in the use of static analysis tools. By offering a quick and comprehensive introduction for nonspecialists, the book fills a notable gap in the literature, which until now has consisted largely of scientific articles on advanced topics. The text covers the mathematical foundations of static analysis, including semantics, semantic abstraction, and computation of program invariants; more advanced notions and techniques, including techniques for enhancing the cost-accuracy balance of analysis and abstractions for advanced programming features and answering a wide range of semantic questions; and techniques for implementing and using static analysis tools. It begins with background information and an intuitive and informal introduction to the main static analysis principles and techniques. It then formalizes the scientific foundations of program analysis techniques, considers practical aspects of implementation, and presents more advanced applications. The book can be used as a textbook in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in static analysis and program verification, and as a reference for users, developers, and experts.

Val d Europe is a new city created in 1987, located next to the first tourist destination in Europe, Disneyland Paris. The challenge of this unique architectural and urban experience was to design, ex nihilo, a city that simultaneously represents beauty, practicality, and sustainability, creating social diversity without architectural discrimination, limiting the use of vehicles, and responding to ecological imperatives. This book presents, without concealing the difficulties, the process that was put into place in order to achieve the same urban quality as Europe s most beautiful cities.