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In 2007, scientists estimated the direct cost of diseases
associated with mould and dampness on the US population to be in
the range of 4 billion dollars, and the indirect costs of lost work
and school days are gauged even higher. The US Centers for Disease
Control recently concluded that elimination of moisture and mouldy
materials in the home definitively results in improved health.
Unfortunately, problems of accurate assessment and precise
identification plague the full understanding of the effects of
mould on human health. Addressing exposure assessment and
identification, Microorganisms in Home and Indoor Work
Environments: Diversity, Health Impacts, Investigation, and
Control, Second Edition discusses the methodology for conducting
investigations on indoor environments, including details on key
fungi and actinobacteria, and reflects advances in predicting their
occurrence in buildings in various parts of the world. Beginning
with a review of types of microorganisms in outdoor and indoor air,
their growth and control in home and work environments, and their
role in respiratory disease, this second edition presents new
studies on pollen and its allergenic effects, the mechanistic basis
for the effects of toxins and inflammatory agents on lung biology,
and the use of molecular methods for determining microbial
contaminants. On the practical side, this edition examines
remediation, control, and quality assurance; occupational exposures
in a wide range of environments; and infectious fungi and bacterial
endotoxins in the built environment. Bringing together the
state-of-the-science in this health-critical field, this accurate
and timely book offers researchers, public health officials, and
industrial hygienists crucial information on specific
microorganisms in the built environment, along with current
measurement and assessment solutions to clean up indoor air and
keep residents and workers healthy in the future.
For millennia, the presence of fungi in food has been both boon and
bane to food stores. Fungi can spoil large quantities of food and
produce dangerous toxins that threaten human health; however,
fungal spoilage in certain foods can produce a unique, highly
prized food source and there are some very effective fungal derived
medicines. A thorough understanding of the vast body of knowledge
relating to food mycology requires an inclusive volume that covers
both the beneficial and detrimental roles of fungi in our food
supply. Richly illustrated with full-color images and edited by
award winning scientists, Food Mycology: A Multifaceted Approach to
Fungi and Food is a comprehensive overview of the many aspects of
mycology research. Beginning with post-harvest problems that can
include the fungal infection of living crops, the book discusses
the high level of communication between plants and fungi and novel
techniques currently used to detect a fungal invasion. The second
part addresses the fungal spore as a distribution vehicle and the
ability of certain spores to survive pasteurization. Certain fungi
produce dangerous mycotoxins and part three explains this
mechanism, its effects, and the precise identification of
mycotoxin-producing fungi. The fourth part considers the parameters
and limitations of fungal hyperproduction of enzymes and other
metabolites. Devoting considerable space to fungal spoilage, part
five explores fungal growth dynamics, molecular detection
techniques, and the role of fungal volatiles highlighting wine,
cheese, and sausages as exemplar products. The book concludes with
edible fungi as tempe, mycoprotein, and the edible fungi hallmark,
the fruit bodies. Bringing together many different areas in the
study of fungi in food, Food Mycology: A Multifaceted Approach to
Fungi and Food provides a rare single source reference to the still
underestimated role of fungi in daily food.
Many species of penicillium and aspergillus are important in
biotechnology, food, medicine, biodeterioration and other applied
fields, so a practical and stable taxonomy is of vital importance.
Recent developments in science and technology mean that taxonomic
classification is no longer confined to classical morphological
concepts, and the integration of molecular, physiological and
biochemical methods now plays an important role in understanding
the classification of these fungi. Integration of Modern Taxonomic
Methods for Penicillium and Aspergillus Classification brings
together a collection of chapters from international experts in
this field. It will be of value to researchers and professionals in
mycology, biotechnology, medicine and regulatory agencies
interested in the identification of these fungi.
In 2007, scientists estimated the direct cost of diseases
associated with mould and dampness on the US population to be in
the range of 4 billion dollars, and the indirect costs of lost work
and school days are gauged even higher. The US Centers for Disease
Control recently concluded that elimination of moisture and mouldy
materials in the home definitively results in improved health.
Unfortunately, problems of accurate assessment and precise
identification plague the full understanding of the effects of
mould on human health. Addressing exposure assessment and
identification, Microorganisms in Home and Indoor Work
Environments: Diversity, Health Impacts, Investigation, and
Control, Second Edition discusses the methodology for conducting
investigations on indoor environments, including details on key
fungi and actinobacteria, and reflects advances in predicting their
occurrence in buildings in various parts of the world. Beginning
with a review of types of microorganisms in outdoor and indoor air,
their growth and control in home and work environments, and their
role in respiratory disease, this second edition presents new
studies on pollen and its allergenic effects, the mechanistic basis
for the effects of toxins and inflammatory agents on lung biology,
and the use of molecular methods for determining microbial
contaminants. On the practical side, this edition examines
remediation, control, and quality assurance; occupational exposures
in a wide range of environments; and infectious fungi and bacterial
endotoxins in the built environment. Bringing together the
state-of-the-science in this health-critical field, this accurate
and timely book offers researchers, public health officials, and
industrial hygienists crucial information on specific
microorganisms in the built environment, along with current
measurement and assessment solutions to clean up indoor air and
keep residents and workers healthy in the future.
Many species of penicillium and aspergillus are important in
biotechnology, food, medicine, biodeterioration and other applied
fields, so a practical and stable taxonomy is of vital importance.
Recent developments in science and technology mean that taxonomic
classification is no longer confined to classical morphological
concepts, and the integration of molecular, physiological and
biochemical methods now plays an important role in understanding
the classification of these fungi. Integration of Modern Taxonomic
Methods for Penicillium and Aspergillus Classification brings
together a collection of chapters from international experts in
this field. It will be of value to researchers and professionals in
mycology, biotechnology, medicine and regulatory agencies
interested in the identification of these fungi.
In our view, the First International Penicillium and Aspergillus
Workshop held in Baarn and Amsterdam in May, 1985, was a great
success. The assembly in one place of so many specialists in these
two genera produced both interesting viewpoints and lively
discussions. But more particularly, a remarkable cohesion of ideas
emerged, borne primarily of the realisation that taxonomy has
passed from the hands of the solitary morphologist. The future of
taxonomy lay in collaborative and multidisciplinary studies
embracing morphology, physiology and newer methodologies.
Penicillium and Aspergillus Workshop was borne logically The Second
International from the first, and was held in Baarn on May 8-12,
1989. It was attended by 38 scientists from 16 countries. At this
Workshop we have attempted to move further into new methods,
especially by bringing together molecular biologists, medical and
food mycologists and biochemists as well as more traditional
taxonomists. We feel that the meeting contributed greatly to
dialogue between taxonomists, and also fundamental and applied
mycologists. At the meeting, we became aware that the approach to
taxonomy of these genera is now becoming more pragmatic, with an
increasing emphasis on consensus, and on stability of names. This
is a noteworthy development, which we, as editors, welcome. So many
species in Penicillium and Aspergillus are economically important
in biotechnology, foods and medicine, and practical, stable
taxonomy is of vital importance. These Proceedings comprise 40
papers divided into 9 chapters.
This book represents the Proceedings of the Fifth International
Workshop on Food Mycology, which was held on the Danish island of
Samso from 15-19 October, 2003. This series of Workshops c- menced
in Boston, USA, in July 1984, from which the proceedings were
published as Methods for Mycological Examination of Food (edited by
A. D. King et al. , published by Plenum Press, New York, 1986). The
second Workshop was held in Baarn, the Netherlands, in August 1990,
and the proceedings were published as Modern Methods in Food
Mycology (edited by R. A. Samson et al. , and published by
Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1992). The Third Workshop was held in
Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1994 and the Fourth near Uppsala, Sweden,
in 1998. The proceedings of those two workshops were p- lished as
scientific papers in the International Journal of Food
Microbiology. International Workshops on Food Mycology are held
under the auspices of the International Commission on Food
Mycology, a Commission under the Mycology Division of the
International Union of Microbiological Societies. Details of this
Commission are given in the final chapter of this book. This Fifth
Workshop was organised by Ulf Thrane, Jens Frisvad, Per V. Nielsen
and Birgitte Andersen from the Center for Microbial Biotechnology,
Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, v vi Foreword
Denmark.
This book represents the Proceedings of the Fifth International
Workshop on Food Mycology, which was held on the Danish island of
Samso from 15-19 October, 2003. This series of Workshops c- menced
in Boston, USA, in July 1984, from which the proceedings were
published as Methods for Mycological Examination of Food (edited by
A. D. King et al. , published by Plenum Press, New York, 1986). The
second Workshop was held in Baarn, the Netherlands, in August 1990,
and the proceedings were published as Modern Methods in Food
Mycology (edited by R. A. Samson et al. , and published by
Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1992). The Third Workshop was held in
Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1994 and the Fourth near Uppsala, Sweden,
in 1998. The proceedings of those two workshops were p- lished as
scientific papers in the International Journal of Food
Microbiology. International Workshops on Food Mycology are held
under the auspices of the International Commission on Food
Mycology, a Commission under the Mycology Division of the
International Union of Microbiological Societies. Details of this
Commission are given in the final chapter of this book. This Fifth
Workshop was organised by Ulf Thrane, Jens Frisvad, Per V. Nielsen
and Birgitte Andersen from the Center for Microbial Biotechnology,
Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, v vi Foreword
Denmark.
In our view, the First International Penicillium and Aspergillus
Workshop held in Baarn and Amsterdam in May, 1985, was a great
success. The assembly in one place of so many specialists in these
two genera produced both interesting viewpoints and lively
discussions. But more particularly, a remarkable cohesion of ideas
emerged, borne primarily of the realisation that taxonomy has
passed from the hands of the solitary morphologist. The future of
taxonomy lay in collaborative and multidisciplinary studies
embracing morphology, physiology and newer methodologies.
Penicillium and Aspergillus Workshop was borne logically The Second
International from the first, and was held in Baarn on May 8-12,
1989. It was attended by 38 scientists from 16 countries. At this
Workshop we have attempted to move further into new methods,
especially by bringing together molecular biologists, medical and
food mycologists and biochemists as well as more traditional
taxonomists. We feel that the meeting contributed greatly to
dialogue between taxonomists, and also fundamental and applied
mycologists. At the meeting, we became aware that the approach to
taxonomy of these genera is now becoming more pragmatic, with an
increasing emphasis on consensus, and on stability of names. This
is a noteworthy development, which we, as editors, welcome. So many
species in Penicillium and Aspergillus are economically important
in biotechnology, foods and medicine, and practical, stable
taxonomy is of vital importance. These Proceedings comprise 40
papers divided into 9 chapters.
Biological insecticides are competing more and more with
traditional chemical pesticides. A successful application of
natural pathogens requires a better understanding of both fungal
and insect ecology and physiology. This Atlas provides a
comprehensive overview of these fields and includes the taxonomy of
those species of fungi which are proven pathogens. Biotechnological
methods for the genetic modification of these natural pathogens
resulting in further optimization and the advantages of biological
control are discussed.
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