This textbook on the Cretaceous era explores the interactions between the physical, chemical and biological processes operating within, and at the surface of, the Earth during this extreme period in history. Characterized by high atmospheric carbon dioxide and global warmth, the Cretaceous era is very relevant to future climatic change studies. Designed for use in undergraduate and graduate courses, the text includes chapter summaries, focus boxes, and Questions and Answers throughout. It is supported by a website hosting sample pages, selected illustrations, and exercises.