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This innovative book analyzes the relationship between religion and
politics in the Middle East through a comparative study of five
countries: Egypt, Israel, Turkey, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. Robert D.
Lee examines each country in terms of four domains in which state
and religion necessarily interact: national identity, ideology,
institutions, and political culture. In each domain he considers
contradictory hypotheses, some of them asserting that religion is a
positive force for political development and others identifying it
as an obstacle. Among the questions the book confronts: Is
secularization a necessary prerequisite for democratic development?
How is it and why is it that religion and politics are so deeply
entangled in these five countries? And, why is it that all five
countries differ so markedly in the way they identify themselves
and use religion for political purposes? The book argues that the
nature of religious organization and practice in the Middle East
must be understood in the context of individual nation states. The
second edition is updated throughout and includes an entirely new
chapter discussing the political and religious climate in Saudi
Arabia. Earlier introductory analysis has been condensed to make
room for new material, and chronologies at the end of each chapter
have been added to help students understand the broader context.
The second edition of Religion and Politics in the Middle East is a
robust addition to courses on the Middle East.
A Berber from the mountainous region of Algeria, Mohammed Arkoun is
an internationally renowned scholar of Islamic thought. In this
book, he advocates a conception of Islam as a stream of experience
encompassing majorities and minorities, Sunni and Shi'a, popular
mystics and erudite scholars, ancient heroes and modern critics. A
product of Islamic
?Authenticity? has begun to rival ?development? as a key to
understanding the political aspirations of the Islamic world.
Almost everywhere modernity has laid waste to tradition, those
habits and practices deemed to be timeless and true. Imperialism
carried European notions of progress into Muslim-dominated parts of
the globe, and subsequently Musl
A Berber from the mountainous region of Algeria, Mohammed Arkoun is
an internationally renowned scholar of Islamic thought. In this
book, he advocates a conception of Islam as a stream of experience
encompassing majorities and minorities, Sunni and Shi'a, popular
mystics and erudite scholars, ancient heroes and modern critics. A
product of Islamic
This innovative book analyzes the relationship between religion and
politics in the Middle East through a comparative study of five
countries--Egypt, Israel, Turkey, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. Robert D.
Lee examines each country in terms of four domains in which state
and religion necessarily interact: national identity, ideology,
institutions, and political culture. In each domain he considers
contradictory hypotheses, some of them asserting that religion is a
positive force for political development and others identifying it
as an obstacle. Among the questions the book confronts: Is
secularization a necessary prerequisite for democratic development?
How is it and why is it that religion and politics are so deeply
entangled in these five countries? And, why is it that all five
countries differ so markedly in the way they identify themselves
and use religion for political purposes? The book argues that the
nature of religious organization and practice in the Middle East
must be understood in the context of individual nation states.
The second edition is updated throughout and includes an entirely
new chapter discussing the political and religious climate in Saudi
Arabia. Earlier introductory analysis has been condensed to make
room for new material, and chronologies at the end of each chapter
have been added to help students understand the broader context.
The second edition of "Religion and Politics in the Middle East" is
a robust addition to courses on the Middle East.
"Authenticity" has begun to rival "development" as a key to
understanding the political aspirations of the Islamic world.
Almost everywhere modernity has laid waste to tradition, those
habits and practices deemed to be timeless and true. Imperialism
carried European notions of progress into Muslim-dominated parts of
the globe, and subsequently Muslims themselves espoused Western
practices, techniques, and philosophies. Regimes calling themselves
liberal, socialist, and Arab nationalist all embraced modernity as
their principal objective. Most of these regimes failed to create
the promised better lives their citizens desired. Moreover,
ordinary Muslims felt despair as modernity ripped apart families,
exposed youngsters to the materialism and hedonism of Western
entertainments, heightened social expectations, and undermined
religious belief. Even though tradition has proved itself incapable
of staving off modernity, the promises and premises of modern
development literature have been called into question. Where is the
truth around which Muslims can rally? Does modernity require a
rejection of tradition? Does the embrace of Islamic ideas
necessitate turning away from modernity? Robert D. Lee explores
these compelling questions by presenting four contemporary Muslim
writers-Muhammad Iqbal, Sayyid Qutb, 'Ali Shari'ati, and Mohammed
Arkoun-all of whom have refused to bow to such a dichotomy of
modernity and tradition. This study examines their efforts, deeply
influenced by European thinking, to find a truth beyond tradition
and modernity-an "authentic" understanding of Islam upon which
Muslims can build a future. All four thinkers believe such an
authentic understanding can serve as the foundation for a new
politics. Lee argues, however, that each of these versions of
authenticity suffers shortcomings and falters in its efforts to
move from the particularity of culture onto a grander scale of
political organization appropriate for the modern world.
This edited volume is a compilation of original scholarly papers on
the theme of cultural diversity in Islamic thought and practice
under conditions of early and late modernity, with a specific
contemporary focus on the crisis of religious tolerance in the
Muslim world. Particular emphasis is placed upon Islamic concepts
of cultural diversity as they contrast to the traditional Western
liberal approach that takes a neutral position on tolerance to
cultural difference.
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