First published in 1986, this book demonstrates that territoriality for humans is not an instinct, but a powerful and often indispensable geographical strategy used to control people and things by controlling area. This argument is developed by analysing the possible advantages and disadvantages that territoriality can provide, and by considering why some and not others arise at particular times. Major changes are explored in the relationships between territory and society from primitive times to the present day, with special attention to the distinctions between premodern and modern uses of space and territory. Specific analyses of the pre-modern uses of territoriality are provided by the history of the Catholic Church, and, for the modern context, by study of North American political territorial organization and the organization of factory, office, and home.