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In this book, D. Robert Ladd focuses on problems with the
one-dimensional idealization of language on which much linguistic
theory is based. Strings of sequentially-ordered elements play an
important role as theoretical abstractions in both phonology and
syntax. Yet many well-known phonological phenomena (such as vowel
harmony, ablaut morphology, and pitch features) are problematic for
this one-dimensional idealization, and many attempts (such as
autosegmental phonology) have been made to allow for these
troublesome characteristics in our theories. The book deals with
diverse aspects of these problematical non-sequential phenomena.
The five main chapters cover distinctive features and autosegments,
systematic phonetics, the definition of 'prosody', aspects of vocal
paralinguistic communication and 'gradience', and duality of
patterning. Each chapter reviews a wide range of relevant
literature, generally going back to the beginnings of modern
linguistics in the early twentieth century, and all of them can
usefully be read as free-standing synthetic overviews of the issues
they discuss. The final chapter suggests that phonological
structure, sequential or otherwise, can be seen as a special case
of the segmentation of continuous action into discrete events, and
that research on this general topic within cognitive psychology is
relevant to phonological theory. Professor Ladd's unique work makes
a fundamental contribution to phonology and phonetics and to
linguistic theory more generally. His book will interest all
theoretical linguists and cognitive scientists concerned with
understanding the relation between phonological representations and
the speech signal.
Laboratory Phonology uses speech data to research questions about
the abstract categorical structures of phonology. This collection
of papers broadly addresses three such questions: what structures
underlie the temporal coordination of articulatory gestures? What
is the proper role of segments and features in phonological
description? And what structures - hierarchical or otherwise -
relate morphosyntax to prosody? In order to encourage the
interdisciplinary understanding required for progress in this
field, each of the three groups of papers is preceded by a tutorial
paper (commissioned for this volume) on theories and findings
presupposed by some or all of the papers in the group. In addition,
most of the papers are followed by commentaries, written by noted
researchers in phonetics and phonology, which serve to bring
important theoretical and methodological issues into perspective.
Most of the material collected here is based on papers presented at
the Second Conference on Laboratory Phonology in Edinburgh, 1989.
The volume is therefore a sequel to Kingston and Beckman's Papers
in Laboratory Phonology I, also published by Cambridge University
Press.
This second edition presents a completely revised overview of
research on intonational phonology since the 1970s, including new
material on research developments since the mid 1990s. It contains
a new section discussing the research on the alignment of pitch
features that has developed since the first edition was published,
a substantially rewritten section on ToBI transcription that takes
account of the application of ToBI principles to other languages,
and new sections on the phonetic research on accent and focus. The
substantive chapters on the analysis and transcription of pitch
contours, pitch range, sentence stress and prosodic structure have
been reorganised and updated. In addition, there is an associated
website with sound files of the example sentences discussed in the
book. This well-known study will continue to appeal to researchers
and graduate students who work on any aspect of intonation.
This second edition presents a completely revised overview of
research on intonational phonology since the 1970s, including new
material on research developments since the mid 1990s. It contains
a new section discussing the research on the alignment of pitch
features that has developed since the first edition was published,
a substantially rewritten section on ToBI transcription that takes
account of the application of ToBI principles to other languages,
and new sections on the phonetic research on accent and focus. The
substantive chapters on the analysis and transcription of pitch
contours, pitch range, sentence stress and prosodic structure have
been reorganised and updated. In addition, there is an associated
website with sound files of the example sentences discussed in the
book. This well-known study will continue to appeal to researchers
and graduate students who work on any aspect of intonation.
Laboratory phonology uses speech data to research questions about the abstract categorical structures of phonology. This collection of papers broadly addresses three such questions: What structures underlie the temporal coordination of articulatory gestures? What is the proper role of segments and features in phonological description? and What structures--hierarchical or otherwise--relate morphosyntax to prosody? In order to encourage the interdisciplinary understanding required for progress in this field, each of the three groups of papers is preceded by a tutorial paper (commissioned for this volume) on theories and findings presupposed by some or all of the papers in the group. In addition, most of the papers are followed by commentaries, written by noted researchers in phonetics and phonology, which serve to bring important theoretical and methodological issues into perspective. Most of the material collected here is based on papers presented at the Second Conference on Laboratory Phonology in Edinburgh, 1989. The volume is a sequel to Kingston and Beckman (eds.): Papers in Laboratory Phonology I also published by Cambridge University Press.
Business has joined science and engineering in exploiting the
benefits of high-performance computing. Parallel programming has
become an important skill for professionals developers to deliver
fast and optimized software systems. This guide to parallel
programming takes a programmer from design through coding, testing,
and deployment, beginning with an introduction to parallel
'thinking' and program design. The book examines the major parallel
system architectures and the most prevalent technologies, and
concludes by tying all concepts together into a single application.
Although the core of the guide is about programming and software
engineering, it also provides a solid understanding of how to
engineer a reliable and useful parallel system for high-performance
computers. This new guide targets the professional C and C++
developer who needs to understand all key technologies for
developing parallel programs and software systems. It will be an
essential reference for those with interests in the software
engineering, parallel programming, and concurrent programming
fields.
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