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In the Eighth Edition of this classic text on the financial history
of bubbles and crashes, Robert McCauley joins with Robert Aliber in
building on Charles Kindleberger's renowned work. McCauley draws on
his central banking experience to introduce new chapters on
cryptocurrency and the United States as the 21st Century global
lender of last resort. He also updates the book's coverage of the
recent property bubble in China, as well as providing new
perspectives on the US housing bubble of 2003-2006, and the
Japanese bubble of the late 1980s. And he gives new attention to
the social psychology that leads people to take the risk of
investing in Ponzi schemes and asset price bubbles. For the first
time in this revised and updated edition, figures highlight key
points to ensure that today's generation of finance and economic
researchers, students, practitioners and policy-makers-as well as
investors looking to avoid crashes-have access to this panoramic
history of financial crisis.
A man with schizophrenia believes that God is instructing him
through the public address system in a bus station. A nun falls
into a decades-long depression because she believes that God
refuses to answer her prayers. A neighborhood parishioner is
bedeviled with anxiety because he believes that a certain religious
ritual must be repeated, repeated, and repeated lest God punish
him. To what extent are such manifestations of religious thinking
analogous to mental disorder? Does mental dysfunction bring an
individual closer to religious experience or thought? Hearing
Voices and Other Unusual Experiences explores these questions using
the tools of the cognitive science of religion and the philosophy
of psychopathology. Robert McCauley and George Graham emphasize
underlying cognitive continuities between familiar features of
religiosity, of mental disorders, and of everyday thinking and
action. They contend that much religious thought and behavior can
be explained as the cultural activation of our natural cognitive
systems, which address matters that are essential to human
survival: hazard precautions, agency detection, language
processing, and theory of mind. Those systems produce responses to
cultural stimuli that may mimic features of cognition and conduct
associated with mental disorders, but which are sometimes coded as
"religious" depending on the context. The authors examine
hallucinations of the voice of God and of other supernatural
agents, spiritual depression often described as a "dark night of
the soul," religious scrupulosity and compulsiveness, and
challenges to theistic cognition that Autistic Spectrum Disorder
poses. Their approach promises to shed light on both mental
abnormalities and religiosity.
As the global organisation of central banks, the Bank for
International Settlements (BIS) has played a significant role in
the momentous changes the international monetary and financial
system has undergone over the past half century. This book offers a
key contribution to understanding these changes. It explores the
rise of the emerging market economies, the resulting shifts in the
governance of the international financial system, and the role of
central bank cooperation in this process. In this truly
multidisciplinary effort, scholars from the fields of economics,
history, political science and law unravel the most poignant
episodes that marked this period, including European monetary
unification, the paradigm shifts in economic and financial
analysis, the origins and influence of macro-financial stability
frameworks, the rise of soft law in international financial
governance, central bank crisis management in the wake of the Great
Financial Crisis, and, finally, the institutional evolution of the
BIS itself.
Robert N. McCauley and E. Thomas Lawson are considered the founders
of the field of the cognitive science of religion. Since its
inception over twenty years ago, the cognitive science of religion
has raised questions about the philosophical foundations and
implications of such a scientific approach. This volume from
McCauley, including chapters co-authored by Lawson, is the first
book-length project to focus on such questions, resulting in a
compelling volume that addresses fundamental questions that any
scholar of religion should ask. The essays collected in this volume
are those that initially defined this scientific field for the
study of religion. These essays deal with issues of methodology,
reductionism, resistance to the scientific study of religion, and
other criticisms that have been lodged against the cognitive
science of religion. The new final chapter sees McCauley reflect on
developments in this field since its founding. Tackling these
debates head on and in one place for the first time, this volume
belongs on the shelf of every researcher interested in this now
established approach to the study of religion within a range of
disciplines, including religious studies, philosophy, anthropology
and the psychology of religion.
Robert N. McCauley and E. Thomas Lawson are considered the founders
of the field of the cognitive science of religion. Since its
inception over twenty years ago, the cognitive science of religion
has raised questions about the philosophical foundations and
implications of such a scientific approach. This volume from
McCauley, including chapters co-authored by Lawson, is the first
book-length project to focus on such questions, resulting in a
compelling volume that addresses fundamental questions that any
scholar of religion should ask. The essays collected in this volume
are those that initially defined this scientific field for the
study of religion. These essays deal with issues of methodology,
reductionism, resistance to the scientific study of religion, and
other criticisms that have been lodged against the cognitive
science of religion. The new final chapter sees McCauley reflect on
developments in this field since its founding. Tackling these
debates head on and in one place for the first time, this volume
belongs on the shelf of every researcher interested in this now
established approach to the study of religion within a range of
disciplines, including religious studies, philosophy, anthropology
and the psychology of religion.
"One of the pioneers of the cognitive science of religion, adds
insight to the interdisciplinary discussion in this provocatively
titled work .... McCauley's work is erudite, precise, well
argued."-Library Journal The battle between religion and science,
competing methods of knowing ourselves and our world, has been
raging for many centuries. Now scientists themselves are looking at
cognitive foundations of religion-and arriving at some surprising
conclusions. Over the course of the past two decades, scholars have
employed insights gleaned from cognitive science, evolutionary
biology, and related disciplines to illuminate the study of
religion. In Why Religion is Natural and Science Is Not, Robert N.
McCauley, one of the founding fathers of the cognitive science of
religion, argues that our minds are better suited to religious
belief than to scientific inquiry. Drawing on the latest research
and illustrating his argument with commonsense examples, McCauley
argues that religion has existed for many thousands of years in
every society because the kinds of explanations it provides are
precisely the kinds that come naturally to human minds. Science, on
the other hand, is a much more recent and rare development because
it reaches radical conclusions and requires a kind of abstract
thinking that only arises consistently under very specific social
conditions. Religion makes intuitive sense to us, while science
requires a lot of work. McCauley then draws out the larger
implications of these findings. The naturalness of religion, he
suggests, means that science poses no real threat to it, while the
unnaturalness of science puts it in a surprisingly precarious
position. Rigorously argued and elegantly written, this provocative
book will appeal to anyone interested in the ongoing debate between
religion and science, and in the nature and workings of the human
mind.
Recent cognitive approaches to the study of religion have yielded
much understanding by focusing on common psychological processes
that all humans share. One leading theory, Harvey WhitehouseOs
modes of religiosity theory, demonstrates how two distinct modes of
organizing and transmitting religious traditions emerge from
different ways of activating universal memory systems. In Mind and
Religion, top scholars from biology to religious studies question,
test, evaluate and challenge WhitehouseOs sweeping thesis. The
result is an up-to-date snapshot of the cognitive science of
religion field for classes in psychology, anthropology, or history
of religion.
Recent cognitive approaches to the study of religion have yielded
much understanding by focusing on common psychological processes
that all humans share. One leading theory, Harvey WhitehouseOs
modes of religiosity theory, demonstrates how two distinct modes of
organizing and transmitting religious traditions emerge from
different ways of activating universal memory systems. In Mind and
Religion, top scholars from biology to religious studies question,
test, evaluate and challenge WhitehouseOs sweeping thesis. The
result is an up-to-date snapshot of the cognitive science of
religion field for classes in psychology, anthropology, or history
of religion.
This book develops a cognitive approach to religion. Focusing particularly on ritual action, it borrows analytical methods from linguistics and other cognitive sciences. The authors provide a lucid, critical review of established approaches to the study of religion, and make a strong plea for the combination of interpretation and explanation. Often represented as competitive approaches, they are, rather, complementary and equally vital to the study of symbolic systems. Rethinking Religion deals with the relationship between cognition and culture in a novel manner, and introduces a method of analysis that will have many applications.
This study explores the psychological foundations of religious ritual systems. In practice, participants recall rituals to ensure a sense of continuity across performances, and those rituals motivate them to transmit and re-perform them. Most religious rituals exploit either high performance frequency or extraordinary emotional stimulation to enhance their recollection. Robert N. McCauley and E. Thomas Lawson assert that participants' cognitive representations of ritual form explain much about the systems. Reviewing a wide range of evidence, they explain religions' evolution.
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