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Preventing Disease, the offspring of an extraordinary collaboration
between the U.S. and Canadian Preventive Services Task Forces,
presents a meticulous and objective review of the published
evidence on preventive measures. Examining such diverse and
relevant topics as screening for endometrial cancer, exercise
counselling for healthy adults, and the evidence for a causal
relation between dietary lipids and coronary heart disease, this
volume reflects the editors' shared conviction that recommendations
for preventive action should rarely exceed what is well justified
by the evidence. In the current period, characterized as the Second
Public Health Revolution, the authors' hard-nosed approach leads
them to ask the tough questions. Are preventive measures
cost-saving? Does preventive screening actually lead to treatment
in clinical practice? Does the treatment do more good than harm? To
what extent does our desire to eliminate causes of serious
disability, ill health and premature death cloud our objectivity?
All concerned about preventive medicine, community health, and
primary care will find valuable stimulation for thought and action
in this book: the contributions have gone beyond the rhetoric.
Promoting human health and safety by reducing exposures to risks
and harms through regulatory interventions is among the most
important responsibilities of the government. Such efforts
encompass a wide array of activities in many different contexts:
improving air and water quality; safeguarding the food supply;
reducing the risk of injury on the job, in transportation, and from
consumer products; and minimizing exposure to toxic chemicals.
Estimating the magnitude of the expected health and longevity
benefits and reductions in mortality, morbidity, and injury risks
helps policy makers decide whether particular interventions merit
the expected costs associated with achieving these benefits and
inform their choices among alternative strategies. Valuing Health
for Regulatory Cost-Effectiveness Analysis provides useful
recommendations for how to measure health-related quality of- life
impacts for diverse public health, safety, and environmental
regulations. Public decision makers, regulatory analysts, scholars,
and students in the field will find this an essential review text.
It will become a standard reference for all government agencies and
those consultants and contractors who support the work of
regulatory programs. Table of Contents Front Matter Executive
Summary 1 Introduction 2 Characteristics of Major Regulations and
Current Analytic Practices 3 Measures and Strategies for Obtaining
Health Benefit Values for Regulatory Analysis 4 Beyond Ratios:
Ethical and Nonquantifiable Aspects of Regulatory Decisions 5
Recommendations for Regulatory Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Appendix
A Summary of Case Studies Appendix B Health Indexes Appendix C OMB
Circular A-4 Appendix D Acronyms and Glossary Appendix E
Biographical Sketches References Index
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Adolescent Health Services - Missing Opportunities (Hardcover)
Institute of Medicine, National Research Council, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Committee on Adolescent Health Care Services and Models of Care for Treatment, Prevention, and Healthy Development; Edited by Leslie J. Sim, …
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Discovery Miles 15 800
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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Adolescence is a time of major transition, however, health care
services in the United States today are not designed to help young
people develop healthy routines, behaviors, and relationships that
they can carry into their adult lives. While most adolescents at
this stage of life are thriving, many of them have difficulty
gaining access to necessary services; other engage in risky
behaviors that can jeopardize their health during these formative
years and also contribute to poor health outcomes in adulthood.
Missed opportunities for disease prevention and health promotion
are two major problematic features of our nation's health services
system for adolescents. Recognizing that health care providers play
an important role in fostering healthy behaviors among adolescents,
Adolescent Health Services examines the health status of
adolescents and reviews the separate and uncoordinated programs and
services delivered in multiple public and private health care
settings. The book provides guidance to administrators in public
and private health care agencies, health care workers, guidance
counselors, parents, school administrators, and policy makers on
investing in, strengthening, and improving an integrated health
system for adolescents. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1
Setting the Stage 2 Adolescent Health Status 3 Current Adolescent
Health Services, Settings, and Providers 4 Improving Systems of
Adolescent Health Services 5 Preparing a Workforce to Meet the
Health Needs of Adolescents 6 Health Insurance Coverage and Access
to Adolescent Health Services 7 Overall Conclusions and
Recommendations Appendix A: Acronyms Appendix B: Harris Interactive
Omnibus Survey Questions Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of
Committee Members and Staff Index
Vaccines have made it possible to eradicate the scourge of
smallpox, promise the same for polio, and have profoundly reduced
the threat posed by other diseases such as whooping cough, measles,
and meningitis. What is next? There are many pathogens, autoimmune
diseases, and cancers that may be promising targets for vaccine
research and development. This volume provides an analytic
framework and quantitative model for evaluating disease conditions
that can be applied by those setting priorities for vaccine
development over the coming decades. The committee describes an
approach for comparing potential new vaccines based on their impact
on morbidity and mortality and on the costs of both health care and
vaccine development. The book examines: Lessons to be learned from
the polio experience. Scientific advances that set the stage for
new vaccines. Factors that affect how vaccines are used in the
population. Value judgments and ethical questions raised by
comparison of health needs and benefits. The committee provides a
way to compare different forms of illness and set vaccine
priorities without assigning a monetary value to lives. Their
recommendations will be important to anyone involved in science
policy and public health planning: policymakers, regulators, health
care providers, vaccine manufacturers, and researchers. Table of
Contents Front Matter Executive Summary Introduction Progress in
Vaccine Development Considerations of Candidate Vaccines Overview
of Analytic Approach and Results Review of the Analytical Model
Ethical Considerations and Caveats Observations References Appendix
1: Borrelia burgdorferi Appendix 2: Chlamydia Appendix 3:
Coccidioides Immitis Appendix 4: Cytomegalovirus Appendix 5:
Enterotoxigenic E. coli Appendix 6: Epstein-Barr Virus Appendix 7:
Helicobacter pylori Appendix 8: Hepatitis C Appendix 9: Herpes
Simplex Virus Appendix 10: Histoplasma capsulatum Appendix 11:
Human Paillomavirus Appendix 12: Influenza A and B Appendix 13:
Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Appendix 14: Melanoma Appendix
15: Multiple Sclerosis Appendix 16: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Appendix 17: Neisseria gonnorrhea Appendix 18: Neisseria
meningitidis Appendix 19: Parainfluenza Virus Appendix 20:
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Appendix 21: Rheumatoid Arthritis
Appendix 22: Rotavirus Appendix 23: Shigella Appendix 24:
Streptococcus, Group A Appendix 25: Streptococcus, Group B Appendix
26: Streptococcus pneumoniae Appendix 27: Information on accessing
Electronic Spreadsheets Appendix 28: Summary of Workshops Appendix
29: Questions Posed to Outside Experts and List of Responders Index
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