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As the essays in this collection make plain, Isaiah Berlin invented
neither the term "Counter-Enlightenment" nor the concept. However,
more than any other figure since the eighteenth century, Berlin
appropriated the term, made it the heart of his own political
thought, and imbued his interpretations of particular thinkers with
its meanings and significance. His diverse treatment of writers at
the margins of the Enlightenment, who themselves reflected upon
what they took to be its central currents, were at once historical
and philosophical. Berlin sought to show that our patterns of
culture, manufactured by ourselves, must be explained differently
from the ways in which we seek to fathom laws of nature. Many of
the essays in this volume were prepared for the International
Seminar in memory of Sir Isaiah Berlin, held at the School of
History in Tel Aviv University during the academic year 1999-2000.
Robert Wokler was one of the world's leading experts on Rousseau
and the Enlightenment, but some of his best work was published in
the form of widely scattered and difficult-to-find essays. This
book collects for the first time a representative selection of his
most important essays on Rousseau and the legacy of Enlightenment
political thought. These essays concern many of the great themes of
the age, including liberty, equality and the origins of revolution.
But they also address a number of less prominent debates, including
those over cosmopolitanism, the nature and social role of music and
the origins of the human sciences in the Enlightenment controversy
over the relationship between humans and the great apes. These
essays also explore Rousseau's relationships to Rameau, Pufendorf,
Voltaire and Marx; reflect on the work of important earlier
scholars of the Enlightenment, including Ernst Cassirer and Isaiah
Berlin; and examine the influence of the Enlightenment on the
twentieth century. One of the central themes of the book is a
defense of the Enlightenment against the common charge that it
bears responsibility for the Terror of the French Revolution, the
totalitarian regimes of the twentieth-century and the
Holocaust.
This major work of academic reference provides a comprehensive
overview of the development of western political thought during the
European enlightenment. Written by a distinguished team of
international contributors, this Cambridge History is the latest in
a sequence of volumes that is now firmly established as the
principal reference source for the history of political thought.
Every major theme in eighteenth-century political thought is
covered in a series of essays at once scholarly and accessible, and
the essays are complemented by extensive guides for further
reading, and brief biographical notes of the major characters in
the text, including Rousseau, Montesquieu and David Hume. Of
interest and relevance to students and scholars of politics and
history at all levels from beginning undergraduate upwards, this
volume chronicles one of the most exciting and rewarding of all
periods in the development of western thinking about politics, man
(and increasingly woman), and society.
This collection of essays is addressed to the legacy of
Enlightenment thought, with respect to eighteenth-century notions
of human nature, human rights, representative democracy or the
nation-state, and with regard to the barbarism, including the
Holocaust, allegedly unleashed by eighteenth-century ideals of
civilization.
This collection of essays is addressed to the legacy of
Enlightenment thought, with respect to 18th-century notions of
human nature, human rights, representative democracy or the nation
state, and with regard to the barbarism, including the Holocaust,
allegedly unleashed by 18th-century ideals of civilization. Each
author offers an interpretation of modern or postmodern philosophy
against the background of a so-called Enlightenment Project,
envisaged as the conceptual ghost that haunts modernity.
The human sciences--including psychology, anthropology, and social
theory--are widely held to have been born during the eighteenth
century. This first full-length, English-language study of the
Enlightenment sciences of humans explores the sources, context, and
effects of this major intellectual development.
The book argues that the most fundamental inspiration for the
Enlightenment was the scientific revolution of the seventeenth
century. Natural philosophers from Copernicus to Newton had created
a magisterial science of nature based on the realization that the
physical world operated according to orderly, discoverable laws.
Eighteenth-century thinkers sought to cap this achievement with a
science of "human" nature. Belief in the existence of laws
governing human will and emotion; social change; and politics,
economics, and medicine suffused the writings of such disparate
figures as Hume, Kant, and Adam Smith and formed the basis of the
new sciences.
A work of remarkable cross-disciplinary scholarship, this volume
illuminates the origins of the human sciences and offers a new view
of the Enlightenment that highlights the period's subtle social
theory, awareness of ambiguity, and sympathy for historical and
cultural difference.
Rousseau was both a central figure of the European Enlightenment and its most formidable critic. In this compact, thought-provoking study of his works across a range of disciplines, Robert Wokler shows how his thinking and writing were all inspired by an ideal of humanity's self-realization in a condition of unfettered freedom. No other work on Rousseau provides such a readable introduction to his life and work.
Denis Diderot (1713-1784) was one of the most significant figures
of the French enlightenment. His political writings cover the
period from the first volume of the Encyclopedie (1751), of which
he was principal editor, to the third edition of Raynal's Histoire
des Deux Indes (1780), one of the most widely read books of the
pre-revolutionary period. This volume contains the most important
of Diderot's articles for the Encyclopedie, a substantial number of
his contributions to the Histoire, the complete texts of his
Supplement au Voyage de Bougainville, one of his most visionary
works, and his Observations sur le Nakaz, a precise and detailed
political work translated here into English for the first time. The
editors' introduction sets these works in their context and shows
the underlying coherence of Diderot's thought. A chronology of
events and a bibliography are included as further aids to the
reader.
This volume presents a selection of the political writings of one of the most significant figures of the French enlightenment. It contains the most important articles that Diderot contributed to the Encyclopédie, of which he was principal editor, the complete texts of his Supplément au Voyage de Bougainville and Observations sur le Nakaz (translated into English here for the first time), and a substantial number of his contributions to Raynal's Histoire des Deux Indes. The editors' introduction puts these works in context, showing their essential features and underlying coherence.
This major work of academic reference provides a comprehensive
overview of the development of western political thought during the
European Enlightenment. Written by a distinguished team of
international contributors, this Cambridge History is the latest in
a sequence of volumes that is now firmly established as the
principal reference source for the history of political thought.
Every major theme in eighteenth-century political thought is
covered in a series of essays at once scholarly and accessible, and
the essays are complemented by extensive guides for further
reading, and brief biographical notes of the major characters in
the text, including Rousseau, Montesquieu and David Hume. Of
interest and relevance to students and scholars of politics and
history at all levels from beginning undergraduate upwards, this
volume chronicles one of the most exciting and rewarding of all
periods in the development of western thinking about politics, man
(and increasingly woman), and society.
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