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Once considered a stepchild of social theory, legal criticism has
recently received a great deal of attention, perpetuating what has
always been an ambivalent relationship. On the one hand, law is
praised for being a cultural achievement, on the other, it is
criticized for being an instrument of state oppression. Legal
criticism's strategies to deal with this ambivalence differ
greatly. While some seek to transcend the institution of law
altogether, others advocate a transformation of the form of law or
try to employ strategies to change the content of law, deconstruct
its basis, or invent rights. By presenting a variety of approaches
to legal criticism, What's Legit? highlights transitions and
exhibits irreconcilable differences of these approaches.
Ultimately, What's Legit? broadens debates that are all too often
conducted only within the boundaries of separate theoretical
currents.
Foucault's previously unpublished doctoral dissertation on Kant
offers the definitive statement of his relationship to Kant and to
the critical tradition of philosophy. This introduction and
commentary to Kant's least discussed work, Anthropology from a
Pragmatic Point of View, is the dissertation that Michel Foucault
presented in 1961 as his doctoral thesis. It has remained
unpublished, in any language, until now. In his exegesis and
critical interpretation of Kant's Anthropology, Foucault raises the
question of the relation between psychology and anthropology, and
how they are affected by time. Though a Kantian "critique of the
anthropological slumber," Foucault warns against the dangers of
treating psychology as a new metaphysics, explores the
possibilities of studying man empirically, and reflects on the
nature of time, art and technique, self-perception, and language.
Extending Kant's suggestion that any empirical knowledge of man is
inextricably tied up with language, Foucault asserts that man is a
world citizen insofar as he speaks. For both Kant and Foucault,
anthropology concerns not the human animal or self-consciousness
but, rather, involves the questioning of the limits of human
knowledge and concrete existence. This long-unknown text is a
valuable contribution not only to a scholarly appreciation of
Kant's work but as the first outline of what would later become
Foucault's own frame of reference within the history of philosophy.
It is thus a definitive statement of Foucault's relation to Kant as
well as Foucault's relation to the critical tradition of
philosophy. By going to the heart of the debate on structuralist
anthropology and the status of the human sciences in relation to
finitude, Foucault also creates something of a prologue to his
foundational The Order of Things. Michel Foucault (1926-84) is
widely considered to be one of the most important academic voices
of the twentieth century and has proven influential across
disciplines.
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