This book consolidates and extends the authors' work on the connection between iconicity and abductive inference. It emphasizes a pragmatic, experimental and fallibilist view of knowledge without sacrificing formal rigor. Within this context, the book focuses particularly on scientific knowledge and its prevalent use of mathematics. To find an answer to the question "What kind of experimental activity is the scientific employment of mathematics?" the book addresses the problems involved in formalizing abductive cognition. For this, it implements the concept and method of iconicity, modeling this theoretical framework mathematically through category theory and topoi. Peirce's concept of iconic signs is treated in depth, and it is shown how Peirce's diagrammatic logical notation of Existential Graphs makes use of iconicity and how important features of this iconicity are representable within category theory. Alain Badiou's set-theoretical model of truth procedures and his relational sheaf-based theory of phenomenology are then integrated within the Peircean logical context. Finally, the book opens the path towards a more naturalist interpretation of the abductive models developed in Peirce and Badiou through an analysis of several recent attempts to reformulate quantum mechanics with categorical methods. Overall, the book offers a comprehensive and rigorous overview of past approaches to iconic semiotics and abduction, and it encompasses new extensions of these methods towards an innovative naturalist interpretation of abductive reasoning.

In this first English translation of his work, Laruelle explores the major European thinkers from Nietzsche to Derrida to define his own 'non-philosophical' project. A crucial text in the development of Francois Laruelle's oeuvre and an excellent starting point for understanding his broader project, "Philosophies of Difference" offers a theoretical and critical analysis of the philosophers of difference after Hegel and Nietzsche. Laruelle then uses this analysis to introduce a new theoretical practice of non-philosophical thought. Rather than presenting a narrative historical overview, Laruelle provides a series of rigorous critiques of the various interpretations of difference in Hegel, Nietzsche and Deleuze, Heidegger and Derrida. From Laruelle's innovative theoretical perspective, the forms of philosophical difference that emerge appear as variations upon a unique, highly abstract structure of philosophical decision, the self-posing and self-legitimating essence of philosophy itself. Reconceived in terms of philosophical decision, the seemingly radical concept of philosophical difference is shown to configure rather the identity of philosophy as such, which thus becomes manifest as a contingent and no longer absolute form of thinking. The way is thereby opened for initiating a new form of thought, anticipated here with the development of a key notion of non-philosophy, the Vision-in-One.

Deleuze remains indifferent to the ambient pathos related to the end of metaphysics and compares the undertakings of destruction, overcoming and deconstruction of metaphysics with the gestures of murderers. He considers himself "a pure metaphysician," which is rather unique in the contemporary philosophical landscape. What are we to make of this and similar claims? What do they mean in light of the effort made during the last several centuries to overcome, overturn, destroy, or deconstruct metaphysics? If we consider Deleuze's work more closely, might find him engaging in the kind of thinking that is commonly referred to as metaphysical? And if Deleuze is indeed a metaphysician, does this undercut the many insightful contributions of the twentieth century philosophers who dedicate their thought to bringing down Western metaphysical tradition? Or does it suggest that there is a sense of metaphysics that should nevertheless be preserved? These and similar questions are addressed in this volume by a series of international scholars. The goal of the book is to critically engage an aspect of Deleuze's thought that, for the most part, has been neglected, and to understand better his "immanent metaphysics." It also seeks to explore the consequences of such an engagement.

This book consolidates and extends the authors' work on the connection between iconicity and abductive inference. It emphasizes a pragmatic, experimental and fallibilist view of knowledge without sacrificing formal rigor. Within this context, the book focuses particularly on scientific knowledge and its prevalent use of mathematics. To find an answer to the question "What kind of experimental activity is the scientific employment of mathematics?" the book addresses the problems involved in formalizing abductive cognition. For this, it implements the concept and method of iconicity, modeling this theoretical framework mathematically through category theory and topoi. Peirce's concept of iconic signs is treated in depth, and it is shown how Peirce's diagrammatic logical notation of Existential Graphs makes use of iconicity and how important features of this iconicity are representable within category theory. Alain Badiou's set-theoretical model of truth procedures and his relational sheaf-based theory of phenomenology are then integrated within the Peircean logical context. Finally, the book opens the path towards a more naturalist interpretation of the abductive models developed in Peirce and Badiou through an analysis of several recent attempts to reformulate quantum mechanics with categorical methods. Overall, the book offers a comprehensive and rigorous overview of past approaches to iconic semiotics and abduction, and it encompasses new extensions of these methods towards an innovative naturalist interpretation of abductive reasoning.

Spinoza, Peirce and Deleuze are, in different ways, philosophers of immanence. Rocco Gangle addresses the methodological questions raised by a commitment to immanence in terms of how diagrams may be used both as tools and as objects of philosophical investigation. Gangle integrates insights from Spinozist metaphysics, Peircean semiotics and Deleuze's philosophy of difference in conjunction with the formal operations of category theory. He introduces the methods of category theory from a philosophical and diagrammatic perspective in a way that will allow philosophers with little or no mathematical training to come to grips with this important field.

One of the most important French philosophers working today, Francois Laruelle has developed an innovative and powerful repertoire of concepts across an oeuvre spanning four decades and more than twenty books. His work-termed non-philosophy or, more recently, non-standard philosophy-has garnered international attention in recent years and stands likely to have a significant impact on the critical practices of the humanities in the near future. Bringing together some of the most prominent scholars of Laruelle, Superpositions: Laruelle and the Humanities explores the intersections of Laruelle's work with multiple discourses within the humanities, including philosophy, critical theory, political theory, media studies, and religious studies. The book addresses two main questions: In what relation does non-philosophical thought stand with respect to the materials and methods of other disciplines? How can Laruelle's non-standard philosophy be applied, appropriated and used by other discourses? Superpositions provides a useful introduction to Laruelle's work for students and scholars, and marks an important intervention into one of the most vigorous and contested areas of contemporary scholarship in the critical humanities.

One of the most important French philosophers working today, Francois Laruelle has developed an innovative and powerful repertoire of concepts across an oeuvre spanning four decades and more than twenty books. His work-termed non-philosophy or, more recently, non-standard philosophy-has garnered international attention in recent years and stands likely to have a significant impact on the critical practices of the humanities in the near future. Bringing together some of the most prominent scholars of Laruelle, Superpositions: Laruelle and the Humanities explores the intersections of Laruelle's work with multiple discourses within the humanities, including philosophy, critical theory, political theory, media studies, and religious studies. The book addresses two main questions: In what relation does non-philosophical thought stand with respect to the materials and methods of other disciplines? How can Laruelle's non-standard philosophy be applied, appropriated and used by other discourses? Superpositions provides a useful introduction to Laruelle's work for students and scholars, and marks an important intervention into one of the most vigorous and contested areas of contemporary scholarship in the critical humanities.

Everything you need to understand both Laruelle's critique of difference and his project of non-philosophy. Hailed as a key thinker by important philosophers such as Gilles Deleuze and Ray Brassier, the 2010 translation of Philosophies of Difference has made Francois Laruelle's work accessible to the English-speaking world in time to meet a rising tide of interest. This new guide takes students and academics through Philosophies of Difference, following the development of Laruelle's thought, unpicking the difficult structure, discussing the strengths and weaknesses of the text and evaluating the arguments for and against his ideas. Readers will find everything they need to understand both Laruelle's critique of Difference and his project of non-philosophy: one of the most intriguing avenues in contemporary thought. It critiques philosophical Difference as a whole and the 3 specific models treated by Laruelle: Nietzsche-Deleuze, Heidegger and Derrida. It situates Philosophies of Difference within the rest of Laruelle's work and contemporary European thought. It explains the key shift from philosophy to non-philosophy which makes Laruelle so intriguing to philosophers today. It shows how Laruelle impacted on the work of Deleuze, Badiou and the Speculative Realism movement.