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Though it may not be immediately obvious why articles on topics
from such distantly removed areas of western Europe - the Iberian
peninsula and southern Italy - should appear in the same volume
(the fourth collection by Roger Reynolds), the materials covered
illustrate that they are indeed closely related, both in their
differences and their similarities. Both peninsulas had their own
indigenous liturgies and music (Old Spanish and Beneventan),
distinctive written scripts (Visigothic and Beneventan), and legal
and theological traditions, and repeatedly these worked their
influence on other areas of western Europe. Although there were
frequent attempts by the papacy and secular rulers from the 9th to
the 13th century to suppress these distinctive traditions in both
areas, elements of these nonetheless survived well into the 16th
century and beyond. Despite the differences in these traditions,
the articles in this volume also demonstrate through manuscript
evidence the continued exchange of the distinctive customs between
the Iberian peninsula and southern Italian cultures from the very
early Middle Ages through the 12th century.
The theology of sacred or clerical orders of the Latin Church in
the high and later Middle Ages developed from an amalgam of texts
written from late patristic antiquity through to the early 12th
century. Such texts, many studied and edited here, include letters,
tracts, sermons, liturgical commentaries, ordination instructions,
and canon law pieces. Within these texts multiple topics might be
considered, such as the Old and New Testament origins of each of
the clerical grades, their number and hierarchical ranking, the
duties, dress and moral conduct of a cleric, and ordination ritual.
Particularly striking are the multiple duties assigned each grade
and their modification in various parts of the Western Church. Many
of these texts found their way not only into more formal
theological treatments of sacred orders, but also into ordination
rites. Probably the most public and visible duty of a cleric was
his function as a eucharistic officer, and one essay in this
collection deals with perhaps the most famous early medieval
depiction of this clerical ritual on the ivory covers of the
9th-century Drogo Sacramentary.
This volume covers two closely related themes. Essays in the first
section deal with the varieties of clerics and their hierarchical
arrangements in the churches of western Europe in the early Middle
Ages, the formative period in which the ordering of clerics in the
Western Church evolved. The number and numbering of clerics was
debated and then established, as was their status as minor and
sacred orders. In one of several hitherto unpublished pieces in
this collection the significance of the elevation of the subdeacon
to a sacred order in the later 11th century is examined, together
with its effect on the status of the highest grades of priest and
bishop, often seen to be one in order but distinct in office. In
the second section, visual depictions of clerics in early medieval
manuscripts are shown to have reflected their hierarchical
ordering, especially in their ordinations, in the vestments and
symbols assigned them, and in their functioning at conciliar
gatherings.
The two themes brought together in this volume - the canon law and
the liturgy of the early medieval Latin Church - have close links,
as these articles reveal. At the basis of this lies that fact that
the collections and manuscripts with which Professor Reynolds is
concerned provide the source material for both fields of study. In
the book particular emphasis is given to the Irish Collection
canonum hibernensis and its many derivatives, to works from
Carolingian Salzburg and eleventh-century Southern Italy, and to
liturgical collections. The whole illustrates the need for
liturgiologists to be aware of the riches in medieval legal
sources, and for legal historians to take account of the wealth of
liturgical material that is a principal ingredient of the law of
the Church; and demonstrates how much one field can contribute to
understanding the development and to the dating of the other. Les
deux themes reunis dans ce volume - le droit canon et la liturgie
de l'Eglise Latine du haut moyan-Acge - ont, comme le revele ce
groupe d'articles, des liens tres etroits. Ceci reposant sur le
fait que les collections et manuscrits, auxquels le professeur
Reynolds s'interesse, apportent la substance se trouvant A la
source de ces deux terrains d'etudes. Dans le livre, une importance
particuliere est donnee au Collectio canonum hibernensis irlandais
et A ses multiples derivations, ainsi qu'aux travaux issus de
Salzburg A l'epoque carolingienne A ceux provenant d'Italie
meridionale au 11e s. et aux collections liturgiques. L'ensemble
illustre la nesessite pour les specialistes en liturgie d'Atre
conscients de l'abondance de sources legales medievales et pour les
historiens du droit de tenir compte de la richesse en matiere
liturgique et que forme l'un des ingredients principaux du droit de
l'Eglise; il demontre aussi combien un domaine peut contribuer e la
comprehension du developpement et A l'assignation de date
Though it may not be immediately obvious why articles on topics
from such distantly removed areas of western Europe - the Iberian
peninsula and southern Italy - should appear in the same volume
(the fourth collection by Roger Reynolds), the materials covered
illustrate that they are indeed closely related, both in their
differences and their similarities. Both peninsulas had their own
indigenous liturgies and music (Old Spanish and Beneventan),
distinctive written scripts (Visigothic and Beneventan), and legal
and theological traditions, and repeatedly these worked their
influence on other areas of western Europe. Although there were
frequent attempts by the papacy and secular rulers from the 9th to
the 13th century to suppress these distinctive traditions in both
areas, elements of these nonetheless survived well into the 16th
century and beyond. Despite the differences in these traditions,
the articles in this volume also demonstrate through manuscript
evidence the continued exchange of the distinctive customs between
the Iberian peninsula and southern Italian cultures from the very
early Middle Ages through the 12th century.
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