A lively and stimulating resource for all 1st year students of human geography, this introductory Reader comprises key published writings from the main fields of human geography. Because the subject is both broad and necessarily only loosely defined, a principal aim of this book is to present a view of the subject which is theoretically informed and yet recognises that any view is partial, contingent and subject to change.
The extracts selected are accessible and raise issues of method and theory as well as fact. The editors have chosen articles that not only represent main currents in the present flow of academic geography but which are also responsive to developments outside of the discipline. Their selection contains a mixture of established and recent writings and each section features a contextualizing introduction and detailed suggestions for further reading.

Despite the substantial output of revisionist scholarship over the last decade reappraising the performance of the British Army on the Western Front during the First World War, there still remains a stubborn perception that its commanders were incompetent, inflexible and unimaginative. Whilst much ink has been spilled vilifying or defending individual commanders, or looking for overarching trends and 'learning curves', this is the first work to examine systematically the vertical nature of command - that is the transmission of plans from the high-command down through the rank structure to the front line. Through such an investigation, a much more rounded measure of the effectiveness of British commanders can be gained; one moves the argument beyond the overly simplistic 'casualties to ground gained' equation that is usually offered. The Battle of Fromelles (19-20 July 1916) was selected as the case study as it was relatively small in scale, in the right period, and retains sufficient primary sources available to sustain the analysis. It also witnessed the first time Australian forces were used in offensive operations on the Western Front, and thus looms large in wider Commonwealth perceptions of 'Bumbling British Generals'. The book follows the progress of the battle plan from its inception in the strategic designs of the supreme commander down through the various intermediate level commands at operational and tactical headquarters until it became the orders that sent the infantry forward into the attack. In so doing it provides a unique insight into the strengths and weaknesses of British command structure, allowing a much more scholarly judgement of its overall effectiveness.

This book introduces the reader to the many lines of thought in the literature on economic geography and ties these various aspects together within the concept of the economy. The book focusses on the dynamic and integrated nature of economies at different scales and levels of development. Emphasis is laid on the processes at work within economies. The authors discuss the concept of the economy, helping both to clarify the nature of economic activity and to reveal the importance and sources of economic power as the underlying means of control in economies. They also demonstrate that the operation of an economy and the distribution of economic power are critical influences on many other, apparently non-economic, aspects of human existence.

The book discusses whether the assumptions that support the concept of 'Military Revolution' are relevant to the Portuguese case or, if there are other interpretation models that can be used, thereby offering the reader a variety of perspectives that contribute to the debate over the applicability of the Military Revolution concept to Portugal and its empire during the early modern period Takes a global perspective, which will be a useful approach for students who are increasingly having to look at subjects globally. The only book to look in depth at the concept of Military Revolution regarding Portugal and its empire, an obvious lacuna since Portugals priority in European overseas expansion coincided with the period where the effects of MR were allegedly felt most intensely.

The book discusses whether the assumptions that support the concept of 'Military Revolution' are relevant to the Portuguese case or, if there are other interpretation models that can be used, thereby offering the reader a variety of perspectives that contribute to the debate over the applicability of the Military Revolution concept to Portugal and its empire during the early modern period Takes a global perspective, which will be a useful approach for students who are increasingly having to look at subjects globally. The only book to look in depth at the concept of Military Revolution regarding Portugal and its empire, an obvious lacuna since Portugals priority in European overseas expansion coincided with the period where the effects of MR were allegedly felt most intensely.

Despite the substantial output of revisionist scholarship over the last decade reappraising the performance of the British Army on the Western Front during the First World War, there still remains a stubborn perception that its commanders were incompetent, inflexible and unimaginative. Whilst much ink has been spilled vilifying or defending individual commanders, or looking for overarching trends and 'learning curves', this is the first work to examine systematically the vertical nature of command - that is the transmission of plans from the high-command down through the rank structure to the front line. Through such an investigation, a much more rounded measure of the effectiveness of British commanders can be gained; one moves the argument beyond the overly simplistic 'casualties to ground gained' equation that is usually offered. The Battle of Fromelles (19-20 July 1916) was selected as the case study as it was relatively small in scale, in the right period, and retains sufficient primary sources available to sustain the analysis. It also witnessed the first time Australian forces were used in offensive operations on the Western Front, and thus looms large in wider Commonwealth perceptions of 'Bumbling British Generals'. The book follows the progress of the battle plan from its inception in the strategic designs of the supreme commander down through the various intermediate level commands at operational and tactical headquarters until it became the orders that sent the infantry forward into the attack. In so doing it provides a unique insight into the strengths and weaknesses of British command structure, allowing a much more scholarly judgement of its overall effectiveness.

This book introduces the reader to the many lines of thought in the literature on economic geography and to tie these various aspects together within the concept of the economy. The book focusses on the dynamic and integrated nature of economies at different scales and levels of development. Emphasis is laid on the processes at work within economies. The authors discuss the concept of the economy, helping both to clarify the nature of economic activity and to reveal the importance and sources of economic power as the underlying means of control in economies. They also demonstrate that the operation of an economy and the distribution of economic power are critical influences on many other, apparently non-economic, aspects of human existence.

Setting out to explore the intersections of economy and geography, this book brings together contributions from the world's top economic geographers.Over forty contributors draw upon contemporary theory and experience to explore the cultural and social constitution of economic geographies, processes of globalisation and new forms of political regulation and practice. Although focusing upon 'new' economic geography, the book also illustrates the many connections with previous scholarship as scholars seek to reconstruct the traditions of political economy to understand the contemporary world.Highlighting and illustrating contemporary developments, the book opens up discussion about the implications of the complex geographies involved. In pointing to new directions of research and debate, this major statement in state of the art economic geography demonstrates the central relevance of economic geography not only in understanding the trajectories of change but in proposing alternatives.

Setting out to explore the intersections of economy and geography, this book brings together contributions from the world's top economic geographers. Over forty contributors draw upon contemporary theory and experience to explore the cultural and social constitution of economic geographies, processes of globalisation and new forms of political regulation and practice. Although focusing upon 'new' economic geography, the book also illustrates the many connections with previous scholarship as scholars seek to reconstruct the traditions of political economy to understand the contemporary world. Highlighting and illustrating contemporary developments, the book opens up discussion about the implications of the complex geographies involved. In pointing to new directions of research and debate, this major statement in state of the art economic geography demonstrates the central relevance of economic geography not only in understanding the trajectories of change but in proposing alternatives.

This edited book presents scientific results of the 20th IEEE/ACIS International Summer Semi-Virtual Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS 2021) held on June 23-25, 2021 in Shanghai, China. The aim of this conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The conference organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the conference. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round of review, 13 of the conference's most promising papers are then published in this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents scientific results of the 21st ACIS International Winter Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing (SNPD2021-Winter) which was held on January 28-30, at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The aim of this conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way and research results about all aspects (theory, applications, and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The conference organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the conference. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round of review, 18 of most promising papers are then published in this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents scientific results of the International Semi-Virtual Workshop on Data Science and Digital Transformation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (DSDT 2020) which was held on October 15, 2020, at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea. The aim of this workshop was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The workshop organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the workshop. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round of review, 17 of the conference's most promising papers are then published in this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents scientific results of the International Semi-Virtual Workshop on Software Engineering in IoT, Big data, Cloud and Mobile Computing (SE-ICBM 2020) which was held on October 15, 2020, at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea. The aim of this workshop was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The workshop organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the workshop. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round of review, 17 of the conference's most promising papers are then published in this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents scientific results of the 20th IEEE/ACIS International Summer Semi-Virtual Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS 2021) held on June 23-25, 2021 in Shanghai, China. The aim of this conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The conference organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the conference. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round of review, 13 of the conference's most promising papers are then published in this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents scientific results of the 21st ACIS International Winter Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing (SNPD2021-Winter) which was held on January 28-30, at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The aim of this conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way and research results about all aspects (theory, applications, and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The conference organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the conference. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round of review, 18 of most promising papers are then published in this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents scientific results of the International Semi-Virtual Workshop on Data Science and Digital Transformation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (DSDT 2020) which was held on October 15, 2020, at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea. The aim of this workshop was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The workshop organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the workshop. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round of review, 17 of the conference's most promising papers are then published in this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents scientific results of the International Semi-Virtual Workshop on Software Engineering in IoT, Big data, Cloud and Mobile Computing (SE-ICBM 2020) which was held on October 15, 2020, at Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea. The aim of this workshop was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The workshop organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the workshop. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round of review, 17 of the conference's most promising papers are then published in this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field of computer and information science.

This book presents the outcomes of the 20th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing (SNPD 2019), which was held on July 8-10, 2019, in Toyama, Japan. The aim of the conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businesspeople and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the various fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Further, they presented research results on all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and discussed the practical challenges encountered in their work and the solutions they adopted to overcome them. The book highlights the best papers from those accepted for presentation at the conference. They were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round, 15 of the conference's most promising papers were selected for this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We eagerly await the important contributions that we know these authors will make to the field of computer and information science.

This book gathers the outcomes of the 6th ACIS International Conference on Computational Science/Intelligence & Applied Informatics (CSII 2019), which was held on May 29-31, 2019 in Honolulu, Hawaii. The aim of the conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businesspeople and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the various fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Further, they presented research results on all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and discussed the practical challenges encountered in their work and the solutions they adopted to overcome them. The book highlights the best papers from those accepted for presentation at the conference. They were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round, 15 of the conference's most promising papers were selected for this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We eagerly await the important contributions that we know these authors will make to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents the scientific outcomes of the 4th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Big Data, Cloud Computing, Data Science & Engineering (BCD 2019) which was held on May 29-31, 2019 in Honolulu, Hawaii. The aim of the conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Presenting 15 of the conference's most promising papers, the book discusses all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, the practical challenges encountered along the way, and the solutions adopted to solve them.

This edited book presents the scientific outcomes of the 17th International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Research, Management and Applications (SERA 2019) held on May 29-31, 2019 in Honolulu, Hawaii. The aim of the conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. This book includes 13 of the conference's most promising papers featuring recent research in software engineering, management and applications

This book gathers the outcomes of the 18th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS 2019), which was held on June 12-14, 2019 in Beijing, China. The aim of the conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businesspeople and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the various fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Further, they presented research results on all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and discussed the practical challenges encountered in their work and the solutions they adopted to overcome them. The book highlights the best papers from those accepted for presentation at the conference. They were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the program committee and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. From this second round, 15 of the conference's most promising papers were selected for this Springer (SCI) book and not the conference proceedings. We eagerly await the important contributions that we know these authors will make to the field of computer and information science.

This edited book presents the scientific outcomes of the 4th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Big Data, Cloud Computing, Data Science & Engineering (BCD 2019) which was held on May 29-31, 2019 in Honolulu, Hawaii. The aim of the conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Presenting 15 of the conference's most promising papers, the book discusses all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, the practical challenges encountered along the way, and the solutions adopted to solve them.

This edited book presents the scientific outcomes of the 17th International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Research, Management and Applications (SERA 2019) held on May 29-31, 2019 in Honolulu, Hawaii. The aim of the conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. This book includes 13 of the conference's most promising papers featuring recent research in software engineering, management and applications

This edited book presents scientific results of the 3nd International Conference on Applied Computing and Information Technology (ACIT 2015) which was held on July 12-16, 2015 in Okayama, Japan. The aim of this conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. Research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them.