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My interest in X-Efficiency (XE) dates back to 1978. At the time, I
was writing the dissertation for my Ph. D. at Washington State
University. My dissertation was concerned with the role of
attitudes in the school-to-work transition among young men. I was
advised by Professor Millard Hastay (a member of my committee) to
look at Leibenstein's "new" book, Beyond Economic Man. One of the
things that caught my attention was his behavioral description of
(selective) rationality. It seemed that Leibenstein' s behavioral
description of a (selectively) rational individ ual was very
similar to what psychologists such as Abraham Maslow were reporting
as being the product of a particular motivational system. In other
words, I was impressed with the idea that what Leibenstein was
referring to as X-inefficiency was being discussed by psychologists
as "the way it (often) is. " So from the beginning I always
considered the concept ofX-(in)efficiency to be a valuable one for
understanding human behavior. I have since come to believe that
this is particularly true when considering behavior in non-market
environments, i. e., within the firm. Work on this book, however,
can most realistically said to have started with work which I began
in 1982 while I was a Visiting Scholar at Harvard University.
Professor Leibenstein suggested that I consider how some empirical
evidence which was being cited as evidence for the role of property
rights might also be consistent with XE theory. (The consistency,
in both directions, is considerable."
My interest in X-Efficiency (XE) dates back to 1978. At the time, I
was writing the dissertation for my Ph. D. at Washington State
University. My dissertation was concerned with the role of
attitudes in the school-to-work transition among young men. I was
advised by Professor Millard Hastay (a member of my committee) to
look at Leibenstein's "new" book, Beyond Economic Man. One of the
things that caught my attention was his be havioral description of
(selective) rationality. It seemed that Leibenstein's behavioral
description of a (selectively) rational individual was very similar
to what psychologists such as Abraham Maslow were reporting as
being the product of a particular motivational system. In other
words, I was im pressed with the idea that what Leibenstein was
referring to as X-ineffi ciency was being discussed by
psychologists as "the way it (often) is. " So from the beginning I
always considered the concept of X-(in)efficiency to be a valuable
one for understanding human behavior. I have since come to believe
that this is particularly true when considering behavior in non
market environments, i. e., within the firm. Work on this book,
however, can most realistically said to have started with work
which I began in 1982 while I was a Visiting Scholar at Harvard
University. Professor Leibenstein suggested that I consider how
some em pirical evidence which was being cited as evidence for the
role of property rights might also be consistent with XE theory."
My interest in X-Efficiency (XE) dates back to 1978. At the time, I
was writing the dissertation for my Ph. D. at Washington State
University. My dissertation was concerned with the role of
attitudes in the school-to-work transition among young men. I was
advised by Professor Millard Hastay (a member of my committee) to
look at Leibenstein's "new" book, Beyond Economic Man. One of the
things that caught my attention was his be havioral description of
(selective) rationality. It seemed that Leibenstein's behavioral
description of a (selectively) rational individual was very similar
to what psychologists such as Abraham Maslow were reporting as
being the product of a particular motivational system. In other
words, I was im pressed with the idea that what Leibenstein was
referring to as X-ineffi ciency was being discussed by
psychologists as "the way it (often) is. " So from the beginning I
always considered the concept of X-(in)efficiency to be a valuable
one for understanding human behavior. I have since come to believe
that this is particularly true when considering behavior in non
market environments, i. e., within the firm. Work on this book,
however, can most realistically said to have started with work
which I began in 1982 while I was a Visiting Scholar at Harvard
University. Professor Leibenstein suggested that I consider how
some em pirical evidence which was being cited as evidence for the
role of property rights might also be consistent with XE theory."
My interest in X-Efficiency (XE) dates back to 1978. At the time, I
was writing the dissertation for my Ph. D. at Washington State
University. My dissertation was concerned with the role of
attitudes in the school-to-work transition among young men. I was
advised by Professor Millard Hastay (a member of my committee) to
look at Leibenstein's "new" book, Beyond Economic Man. One of the
things that caught my attention was his behavioral description of
(selective) rationality. It seemed that Leibenstein' s behavioral
description of a (selectively) rational individ ual was very
similar to what psychologists such as Abraham Maslow were reporting
as being the product of a particular motivational system. In other
words, I was impressed with the idea that what Leibenstein was
referring to as X-inefficiency was being discussed by psychologists
as "the way it (often) is. " So from the beginning I always
considered the concept ofX-(in)efficiency to be a valuable one for
understanding human behavior. I have since come to believe that
this is particularly true when considering behavior in non-market
environments, i. e. , within the firm. Work on this book, however,
can most realistically said to have started with work which I began
in 1982 while I was a Visiting Scholar at Harvard University.
Professor Leibenstein suggested that I consider how some empirical
evidence which was being cited as evidence for the role of property
rights might also be consistent with XE theory. (The consistency,
in both directions, is considerable.
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