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Clustering as an economic policy concern has become increasingly
fashionable. The authors of this book shed light on this subject of
which there remains remarkably little understanding, and even less
agreement, regarding what clusters are, what they require for
success and what impacts they are likely to have in different
contexts, locally, nationally and globally. Clusters and
Globalisation brings together scholars with different perspectives
and theoretical groundings, and from different disciplines, to
consider conceptual arguments and case study material. In doing so
the volume identifies key characteristics and requirements of the
forms of cluster that are especially significant for the attainment
of economic success in a globalising world. This unique critical
analysis of clusters in the framework of globalisation will
strongly appeal to students and academics with an interest in
economic development, public policy and globalisation. The book
will also be of great interest to researchers in policy agencies
concerned with local economic development and the design of cluster
policies.
Leadership and Cooperation in Academia focuses on the place and the
role of universities in different societies, including their
influence on the socio-economic development of those
societies.Across the world academic institutions are being
questioned by their stakeholders and pressured to change. Answering
these questions requires that academics and professional managers
in universities think about their work, its value and organisation.
The book highlights the need for space and stimulus to reflect on
the responsibilities, roles and expectations that they identify for
themselves, and that others place upon them - then, they might be
better able to understand and to act. Similarly, policymakers and
higher education commentators need the space and stimulus to
reflect on the role of universities. This book will provide this
space and an invaluable contribution to the stimulus. This
innovative volume will be enriching to academics and professional
managers who are interested in leading, managing and contributing
in an academic environment. Policymakers and higher education
commentators concerned with the development and impacts of
universities will also find plenty of insightful information in
this timely study. Contributors: M.J. Aranguren, D. Bell, G.
Biesta, D.G. Blanchflower, P. Cooke, T. Docherty, S. Fuller, H.C.
Garmann Johnsen, G. Graham, S. Groenblom, E. Jones, J. Karlsen, F.
Kitagawa, M. Larrea, R. Normann, J. Rogers, S. Sacchetti, E.
Schofield, R. Sugden, K. Tribe, M. Valania, J. Willner, J.R. Wilson
There is currently a popular view that the world is undergoing
profound changes in the fundamental relationships upon which it is
organised. In particular, there is widespread talk of a
'globalised' economy, facilitated by and associated with 'new'
technologies and practices. There is a further consensus that
within this 'globalised', 'new' economy, regionalisation in some
form is important. The aim of this volume is to address these
topical issues, presenting perspectives from which they can be
analysed and exploring specific aspects in greater detail. The
contributors provide a framework for understanding current trends,
and suggest approaches that highlight appropriate ways forward in
the context of both opportunities and dangers. In doing so, they
discuss specific cases and explore detailed policy possibilities,
including the prospect of stimulating change through multinational
engagement and debate. The rigorous analysis and coherent nature of
the book will ensure its appeal to researchers and scholars across
a wide range of disciplines and topics, including industrial
economics, regional science and globalisation.
This innovative book offers a critical perspective on the state of
the current global economy, making sense of knowledge-related
issues by critically assessing existing institutional choices, as
well as pointing to new ways forward. The pioneering chapters
reposition knowledge in a number of economic debates including
regional development, property rights, social enterprises,
corporate governance, the management of universities, and the role
of creative activities. They explore the possibility of an
institutional dynamism that impacts not only on the characteristics
of localities and their place in a hierarchical and ordered system
of relationships, but on the nature of the system itself.
Conclusions point at the individual and collective dimensions of
the knowledge discovery process, suggesting a renewed approach to
the assessment of economic choices. This insightful book offers an
original perspective on knowledge-related issues and constitutes a
valuable read for academics and postgraduate students in
international business and economic competitiveness, as well
practitioners and policymakers who are interested in alternative
analyses and methods for economic development.
Contents: 1. The (Theory of the) Transnational Firm: the 1990s and Beyond Christos Pitelis and Roger Sugden 2. A Survey of Theories of International Production John Cantwell 3. A Critical Re-evaluation of Hymer's Contribution to the Theory of the Transnational Corporation Mohammad Yamin 4. Transaction Costs Theory and the Multinational Enterprise Jean-Francois Hennart 5. The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Personal Perspective John H. Dunning 6. The Resource-based Approach to Multinational Enterprise Neil Kay 7. Strategic Management and Transnational Firm Behaviour: A Formal Approach Edward M. Graham 8, An All-Weather Company: The (theory of the) Transnational Corporation and the Role of the Demand Side Christos Pitelis 9. Divide and Rule by Transnational Corporations James Peoples and Roger Sugden.
The Nature of the Transnational Firm brings together the major approaches to the transnational firm in one volume. Leading thinkers present overviews of a vibrant theoretical literature and assess the current state of analysis. Thoroughly revised and updated to take account the explosive growth of foreign direct investment in the 1990s, this volume will be welcomed by students and researchers of international business, international economics and business economics. Contributors include: John Cantwell, John H. Dunning, Edward M. Graham, Jean-Francois Hennart, Neil Kay.
What does competitiveness mean? In recent years, discussion of
economic policy has become dominated by the notion of
competitiveness. In this volume a group of leading economists
explore the issue through cross-country comparisons and by means of
single country case studies. They also examine:
* the relationship between competitiveness and community
objectives
* the co-existence of diversity, subsidiarity and EU industrial
policy
* the impact of European enlargement and further integration
Transnational corporations are now of immense significance for most
economies. However, by definition they are involved in
international production and this poses problems for national
governments. The threat of a major company leaving gives it
leverage over its host government. This means that even though
there is a broad consensus that in some respects the impact of a
transnational on an economy can be negative, there is a marked
reluctance on the part of governments to try to do anything about
it. Although they remain sensitive to the problems posed by
transnationals, the authors of "Making Transnationals Accountable"
do not accept that there is nothing that can be done to influence
the behaviour of transnationals. The authors advocate a policy of
monitoring their activities and use a comparative approach to show
that many governments know surprisingly little about the impact of
transnationals on their economies. They identify areas which
governments might like to know more about. In an attempt to show
what their approach might mean in practice, they draw upon the new
techniques developed in social accounting to prepare a detailed
social and economic account of "Glaxo".
Transnational corporations are now of immense significance for most
economies. However, by definition they are involved in
international production and this poses problems for national
governments. The threat of a major company leaving gives it
leverage over its host government. This means that even though
there is a broad consensus that in some respects the impact of a
transnational on an economy can be negative, there is a marked
reluctance on the part of governments to try to do anything about
it. Although they remain sensitive to the problems posed by
transnationals, the authors of "Making Transnationals Accountable"
do not accept that there is nothing that can be done to influence
the behaviour of transnationals. The authors advocate a policy of
monitoring their activities and use a comparative approach to show
that many governments know surprisingly little about the impact of
transnationals on their economies. They identify areas which
governments might like to know more about. In an attempt to show
what their approach might mean in practice, they draw upon the new
techniques developed in social accounting to prepare a detailed
social and economic account of "Glaxo".
If the 1980's were the decade of privatization and deregulation,
the 1990's should be the decade of regulation. Privatization itself
led to the creation of new regulatory bodies, and the continuing
merger boom. The rise of transnational corporations and the
creation of the single European Market have also prompted
regulatory activity. In this volume, industrial economists focus on
the process by which governments in market economies deliberately
take action to influence economic activity in firms and industries.
It aims to provide teachers, students and researchers with a
coherent framework for anaylzing regulation, and then explores key
current issues, including the relationship between information and
regulation, the regulation of monopolies and the role of regulation
within the European Community. Regulation has conventionally been
defended as a remedy for market failure or a curb to monopoly
power. Whilst arguing that these remain important functions the
book also stresses that regulation can be a positive instrument for
promoting industrial development.
If the 1980's were the decade of privatization and deregulation,
the 1990's should be the decade of regulation. Privatization itself
led to the creation of new regulatory bodies, and the continuing
merger boom. The rise of transnational corporations and the
creation of the single European Market have also prompted
regulatory activity. In this volume, industrial economists focus on
the process by which governments in market economies deliberately
take action to influence economic activity in firms and industries.
It aims to provide teachers, students and researchers with a
coherent framework for anaylzing regulation, and then explores key
current issues, including the relationship between information and
regulation, the regulation of monopolies and the role of regulation
within the European Community. Regulation has conventionally been
defended as a remedy for market failure or a curb to monopoly
power. Whilst arguing that these remain important functions the
book also stresses that regulation can be a positive instrument for
promoting industrial development.
Europe's Economic Challenge considers what sort of industrial
economic strategy would prepare Europe for the next century. The
authors examine the broad approaches to industrial policy and
explore future possibilities for what is needed if these policies
are to become reality.
Leadership and Cooperation in Academia focuses on the place and the
role of universities in different societies, including their
influence on the socio-economic development of those
societies.Across the world academic institutions are being
questioned by their stakeholders and pressured to change. Answering
these questions requires that academics and professional managers
in universities think about their work, its value and organisation.
The book highlights the need for space and stimulus to reflect on
the responsibilities, roles and expectations that they identify for
themselves, and that others place upon them - then, they might be
better able to understand and to act. Similarly, policymakers and
higher education commentators need the space and stimulus to
reflect on the role of universities. This book will provide this
space and an invaluable contribution to the stimulus. This
innovative volume will be enriching to academics and professional
managers who are interested in leading, managing and contributing
in an academic environment. Policymakers and higher education
commentators concerned with the development and impacts of
universities will also find plenty of insightful information in
this timely study. Contributors: M.J. Aranguren, D. Bell, G.
Biesta, D.G. Blanchflower, P. Cooke, T. Docherty, S. Fuller, H.C.
Garmann Johnsen, G. Graham, S. Groenblom, E. Jones, J. Karlsen, F.
Kitagawa, M. Larrea, R. Normann, J. Rogers, S. Sacchetti, E.
Schofield, R. Sugden, K. Tribe, M. Valania, J. Willner, J.R. Wilson
This innovative book offers a critical perspective on the state of
the current global economy, making sense of knowledge-related
issues by critically assessing existing institutional choices, as
well as pointing to new ways forward. The pioneering chapters
reposition knowledge in a number of economic debates including
regional development, property rights, social enterprises,
corporate governance, the management of universities, and the role
of creative activities. They explore the possibility of an
institutional dynamism that impacts not only on the characteristics
of localities and their place in a hierarchical and ordered system
of relationships, but on the nature of the system itself.
Conclusions point at the individual and collective dimensions of
the knowledge discovery process, suggesting a renewed approach to
the assessment of economic choices. This insightful book offers an
original perspective on knowledge-related issues and constitutes a
valuable read for academics and postgraduate students in
international business and economic competitiveness, as well
practitioners and policymakers who are interested in alternative
analyses and methods for economic development.
There is currently a popular view that the world is undergoing
profound changes in the fundamental relationships upon which it is
organised. In particular, there is widespread talk of a
'globalised' economy, facilitated by and associated with 'new'
technologies and practices. There is a further consensus that
within this 'globalised', 'new' economy, regionalisation in some
form is important. The aim of this volume is to address these
topical issues, presenting perspectives from which they can be
analysed and exploring specific aspects in greater detail. The
contributors provide a framework for understanding current trends,
and suggest approaches that highlight appropriate ways forward in
the context of both opportunities and dangers. In doing so, they
discuss specific cases and explore detailed policy possibilities,
including the prospect of stimulating change through multinational
engagement and debate. The rigorous analysis and coherent nature of
the book will ensure its appeal to researchers and scholars across
a wide range of disciplines and topics, including industrial
economics, regional science and globalisation.
This book analyzes strategic aspects of SME development that may
help to promote growth: high-tech development, productivity
increase, and strengthening of linkages. Contributors to the book
consist of a range of international experts recognised in the field
of industrial development and/or small and medium enterprises. This
book employs a benchmarking approach, which takes into account
lessons that can be extracted from the development process in
Europe, the US, and Latin America. It's a novel approach to SME
development: it includes a tripartite framework that emphasises the
importance of high-tech promotion, productivity growth, and
networks.Progress in telecommunications and infrastructure, coupled
with liberalization in international organizations, has introduced
a number of new competitors to existing SMEs. This book analyzes
strategic aspects of SME development that may help to promote
growth: high-tech development, productivity increase, and
strengthening of linkages.
Progress in telecommunications and infrastructure, coupled with
liberalization in international organizations, has introduced a
number of new competitors to existing SMEs. This book analyzes
strategic aspects of SME development that may help to promote
growth: high-tech development, productivity increase, and
strengthening of linkages.
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