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This text on the electrical, optical, magnetic, and thermal
properties of materials stresses concepts rather than mathematical
formalism. Suitable for advanced undergraduates, it is intended for
materials and electrical engineers who want to gain a fundamental
understanding of alloys, semiconductor devices, lasers, magnetic
materials, and so forth. The book is organized to be used in a
one-semester course; to that end each section of applications,
after the introduction to the fundamentals of electron theory, can
be read independently of the others. Many examples from engineering
practice serve to provide an understanding of common devices and
methods. Among the modern applications covered are:
high-temperature superconductors, optoelectronic materials,
semiconductor device fabrication, xerography, magneto-optic
memories, and amorphous ferromagnetics. The fourth edition has been
revised and updated with an emphasis on the applications sections,
which now cover devices of the next generation of electronics.
This text on the electrical, optical, magnetic, and thermal
properties of materials stresses concepts rather than mathematical
formalism. Suitable for advanced undergraduates, it is intended for
materials and electrical engineers who want to gain a fundamental
understanding of alloys, semiconductor devices, lasers, magnetic
materials, and so forth. The book is organized to be used in a
one-semester course; to that end each section of applications,
after the introduction to the fundamentals of electron theory, can
be read independently of the others. Many examples from engineering
practice serve to provide an understanding of common devices and
methods. Among the modern applications covered are:
high-temperature superconductors, optoelectronic materials,
semiconductor device fabrication, xerography, magneto-optic
memories, and amorphous ferromagnetics. The fourth edition has been
revised and updated with an emphasis on the applications sections,
which now cover devices of the next generation of electronics.
This introduction to materials science for engineers examines not
only the physical and engineering properies of materials, but also
their history, uses, development, and some of the implications of
resource depletion, materials substitutions, and so forth. Topics
covered include: the stone, copper, bronze, and iron ages; physical
properties of metals, ceramics, and plastics; electrical and
magnetic properties of metals, semiconductors, and insulators; band
structure of metals; metallurgy of iron. This new edition includes
new developments in the last five years, updated graphs and other
dated information and references.
IV theoretisehen V orstellungen, die sieh aus der Messung der
elektrisehen Eigensehaften ergeben. Zweifellos wird es lohnend
sein, sieh mit ihnen intensiver zu besehiiftigen, als dies bisher
gesehehen ist. w. Koster Fur kritisehe Durehsieht des Manuskdpts
odeI' Hilfe beim Lesen del' Korrekturen moehte ieh folgenden
Personliehkeiten danken: Herrn Professor Dr. J. C. SLATER, Herrn
Professor Dr. J. KRONSBEIN, Herrn Professor H. SEITZ und meiner
Frau. Besonderen Dank bin ieh meinem lVIitarbeiter, Herrn J. ALFARO
HOLBROOK, fur zahlreiehe Diskussionen und Herrn Professor Dr. W.
KOSTER fUr se n forderndes Interesse sehuldig. 1m Friihjahr 1971 R.
E. Hummel Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 1 2 Definition der
optischen Konstanten 5 2.1 Brechungsindex n ......................
. 5 2.2 Absorptionskonstante k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 . . . 2.3 Extinktionskonstante K, mittlere Reichweite des Lichtes
W und Tiefe der Skinschicht a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 11
2.4 Reflexionsyermogen r und Absorptionsvermogen a 3
KontinuUJllstheorie der optischen Konstanten 13 13 3.1 Allgemeine
Bemerkungen 3.2 Hagen-Rubens-Beziehung 13 3.3 Absorption ..... . 14
4 Atomistische Behandlung der optischen Konstanten 16 4.1 Dberblick
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 . . . 4.2 Freie
Elektronen ohne Dampfung. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 . 4.3 Freie
Elektronen mit Dampfung (Klassische Elektronentheorie der Metalle)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.3.1 Berechnung
der Drudeschen Formeln ...... . 22 4.3.2 Effektive
Gleichstromleitfahigkeit und effektive Masse 26 4.3.3
Relaxationszeit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 4.4 Diskussion
cler Drudeschen Formeln fiir verschiedene Frequenzgebiete . 29 29
4.4.1 Kleine Frequenzen .................... . 4.4.2 Hohe
Frequenzen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . 4.4.3
Absorption im UV, sichtbaren und nahen ultraroten Freque- gebiet
..... . 30 4.4.4 Polarisation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 30 . . . .
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