Biology textbooks and books on the history of science generally give a limited picture of the roles women have played in the growth and development of the biological sciences, mentioning primarily the Nobel laureates. This book provides a definitive archival collection of essays on a larger group of women, profiling both their work and their lives. The volume includes 65 representative women from different countries and eras, and from as many branches of biological investigation as possible. In addition to biographical information and an evaluation of the woman's career and significance, each entry provides a full bibliographic listing of works by and about the subject. The volume includes entries on women who have gained recognition through attainment of advanced degrees despite familial and societal pressures, innovative research results, influence exerted in teaching and guidance of students, active participation and leadership in professional societies, extensive scholarly publication, participation on journal editorial boards, extensive field experience, and influence on public and political scientific policymaking. A woman was considered eligible for inclusion if she met several of these criteria. Providing a historical perspective, the book is limited to women who were born before 1930 or are deceased.

Biographies of women scientists are few in number. This volume fills that gap in the literature. It includes extensive profiles, arranged alphabetically, of 75 women from different countries who have been influential in the development of chemistry and physics. Subjects were chosen on the basis of their advanced degrees, innovative research, influence in teaching, leadership in the profession, and scholarly publications. Each profile includes a biography, a career discussion, and a bibliography of works by and about the subject. Biographies provide personal information with special attention to influences on the subject's career. The career discussions indicate the significance of the subject's contributions in language accessible to the layperson. The work provides a valuable contribution to both women's studies and the history of chemistry and physics and should serve as an inspiration to young women seeking a career in the physical sciences.