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Since last two decades, the excessive and broad spectral usage of
pesticides has achieved remarkable momentum in agriculture
dependant countries like Pakistan. Pesticides are undoubtedly
considered as a group of toxic chemicals that are introduced into
the environment; most of which include insecticides, herbicides,
fungicides, rodenticides and fumigants. These toxic compounds have
some residues which retain in environment and not only contaminate
it, but also develop resistance in target organisms against these
chemicals. Frequent and repeated application of insecticides
generally reduces the effectiveness and it results in the
development of resistance in target pest against these
insecticides. In general case, when whole population of targeted
pests is selected by killing the susceptible individuals, it
usually results in the emergence of resistant strains.
Insecticides play an important role in the control of mosquitoes.
Unfortunately resistance has been developed by many mosquito
species. In the present study, biotoxicity of four insecticides
from four major groups: neo-nicotenoids (imidacloprid 5% SC)
phenyl-pyrazoles (fipronil 2.5% EC), pyrethroids (deltamethrin 2.5%
SC) and organophosphates (DDVP 50% EC) were tested against Ae.
aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Samples were collected from
different localities to determine the susceptibility of both
species against tested insecticides. Larval toxicity results were
different for (KotLakhpat) KLP and (Lahore College for Women
University Lahore) LCW for each insecticide. KLP sample was
considered as reference samples because it was exposed to
insecticides at a very low extent as compared to LCW samples.
Regression analysis of variance showed significant positive trend
in mortality of both species. Fipronil and imidacloprid were proved
to be most toxic against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti in
KLP samples. Deltamethrin showed least efficacy against both
localities representing its high tolerance and resistance against
pyrethroids.
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