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This book challenges the assumption that morphological data are
inherently unsuitable for phylogeny reconstruction, argues that
both molecular and morphological phylogenies should play a major
role in systematics, and provides the most comprehensive review of
the comparative anatomy, homologies and evolution of the head,
neck, pectoral and upper limb muscles of primates. Chapters 1 and 2
provide an introduction to the main aims and methodology of the
book. Chapters 3 and 4 and Appendices I and II present the data
obtained from dissections of the head, neck, pectoral and upper
limb muscles of representative members of all the major primate
groups including modern humans, and compare these data with the
information available in the literature. Appendices I and II
provide detailed textual (attachments, innervation, function,
variations and synonyms) and visual (high quality photographs)
information about each muscle for the primate taxa included in the
cladistic study of Chapter 3, thus providing the first
comprehensive and up to date overview of the comparative anatomy of
the head, neck, pectoral and upper limb muscles of primates. The
most parsimonious tree obtained from the cladistic analysis of 166
head, neck, pectoral and upper limb muscle characters in 18 primate
genera, and in representatives of the Scandentia, Dermoptera and
Rodentia, is fully congruent with the evolutionary molecular tree
of Primates, thus supporting the idea that muscle characters are
particularly useful to infer phylogenies. The combined anatomical
materials provided in this book point out that modern humans have
fewer head, neck, pectoral and upper limb muscles than most other
living primates, but are consistent with the proposal that facial
and vocal communication and specialized thumb movements have
probably played an important role in recent human evolution. This
book will be of interest to primatologists, comparative anatomists,
functional morphologists, zoologists, physical anthropologists, and
systematicians, as well as to medical students, physicians and
researchers interested in understanding the origin, evolution,
homology and variations of the muscles of modern humans. Contains
132 color plates.
"Even though the gorilla is our closest living relative,
information about its anatomy, and particularly its musculature, is
scarce. This book is the first photographic and descriptive
musculoskeletal atlas of the gorilla. It includes high-quality
photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most anatomical
regions of the body, along with textual information about the
attachments, innervations, and weight of the reported muscles. The
atlas is an up-to-date review of the anatomical variations within
gorillas as well as an extensive list of the synonyms used in the
literature to designate the structures covered in the book. It also
contains dissection observations of other primates and vertebrates,
which are crucial for examining and understanding the homologies
between the muscular structures of gorillas, humans, and other
taxa"--
This book is the first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal
atlas of Hylobates, and adopts the same format as the photographic
atlas of Gorilla published by the same authors in 2010. These two
books are part of a series of monographs that will set out the
comparative and phylogenetic context of the gross anatomy and
evolutionary history of the soft tissue morphology of modern humans
and their closest relatives. This atlas, which includes detailed
high-quality photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most
anatomical regions of the body as well as textual information about
the attachments, innervation and weight of the respective muscles,
is based on dissections and on an extensive review of the
literature. It provides an updated review of the anatomical
variations within hylobatids as well as an extensive list of the
synonyms used in the literature to designate the structures we
discuss. The atlas will be of interest to students, teachers and
researchers studying primatology, comparative anatomy, functional
morphology, zoology, and physical anthropology and to medical
students, doctors and researchers who are curious about the origin,
evolution, homology and variations of the musculoskeletal
structures of modern humans.
Key Features 1) Detailed summary of every recorded variation and
anomaly for each muscle in the human body 2) Information on
comparative anatomy of each muscle (e.g., how each human muscle may
appear in our closest living relatives, the apes). 3) Schematic
illustrations of the variations and anomalies for easy
visualization 4) Comprehensive literature review resulting in the
most accurate prevalence information for each variation and anomaly
5) Diverse group of co-authors from various academic and cultural
backgrounds
This book focuses on human anatomy and medicine and specifically on
both muscular and skeletal birth defects in humans with trisomy.
Moreover, this book also deals with Down syndrome, which is one of
the most studied human syndromes and, due to its high incidence and
the fact that individuals with this syndrome often live until
adulthood, is of special interest to the scientific and medical
community. This new line of inquiry is addressed to a wide
audience, including medical researchers, physicians, surgeons,
medical and dental students, pathologists, and pediatricians, among
others, while also being of interest to developmental and
evolutionary biologists, anatomists, functional morphologists, and
zoologists.
Even though the gorilla is our closest living relative, information
about its anatomy, and particularly its musculature, is scarce.
This book is the first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal
atlas of the gorilla. It includes high-quality photographs of
musculoskeletal structures from most anatomical regions of the
body, along with textual information about the attachments,
innervations, and weight of the reported muscles. The atlas is an
up-to-date review of the anatomical variations within gorillas as
well as an extensive list of the synonyms used in the literature to
designate the structures covered in the book. It also contains
dissection observations of other primates and vertebrates, which
are crucial for examining and understanding the homologies between
the muscular structures of gorillas, humans, and other taxa.
This book focuses on human anatomy and medicine and specifically on
both muscular and skeletal birth defects in humans with trisomy.
Moreover, this book also deals with Down syndrome, which is one of
the most studied human syndromes and, due to its high incidence and
the fact that individuals with this syndrome often live until
adulthood, is of special interest to the scientific and medical
community. This new line of inquiry is addressed to a wide
audience, including medical researchers, physicians, surgeons,
medical and dental students, pathologists, and pediatricians, among
others, while also being of interest to developmental and
evolutionary biologists, anatomists, functional morphologists, and
zoologists.
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Photographic and Descriptive Musculoskeletal Atlas of Orangutans - with notes on the attachments, variations, innervations, function and synonymy and weight of the muscles (Hardcover, New)
Rui Diogo, Josep M. Potau, Juan F. Pastor, Felix J. dePaz, Mercedes Barbosa, …
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R5,331
Discovery Miles 53 310
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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Orangutans, together with chimpanzees and gorillas, are our closest
living relatives. Photographic and Descriptive Musculoskeletal
Atlas of Orangutans, the first photographic and descriptive
musculoskeletal atlas of the genus Pongo, adopts the same format as
the photographic atlases of Gorilla, Pan and Hylobates previously
published by the same authors. These four books are part of a
series of monographs that will set out the comparative and
phylogenetic context of the gross anatomy and evolutionary history
of the soft tissue morphology of modern humans and their closest
relatives. The present atlas, which includes detailed high-quality
photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most anatomical
regions of the body as well as textual information about the
attachments, innervation, function and weight of the respective
muscles, is based on dissections of five orangutans and on an
extensive review of the literature. It provides an updated review
of the anatomical variations within orangutans as well as an
extensive list of the synonyms used in the literature to designate
the structures we discuss. It will be of interest to students,
teachers and researchers studying primatology, comparative anatomy,
functional morphology, zoology, and physical anthropology and to
medical students, doctors and researchers who are curious about the
origin, evolution, homology and variations of the musculoskeletal
structures of modern humans.
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Photographic and Descriptive Musculoskeletal Atlas of Gibbons and Siamangs (Hylobates) - With Notes on the Attachments, Variations, Innervation, Synonymy and Weight of the Muscles (Hardcover, New)
Rui Diogo, Josep M. Potau, Juan F. Pastor, Felix J. dePaz, Eva M. Ferrero, …
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R5,334
Discovery Miles 53 340
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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This book is the first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal
atlas of Hylobates, and adopts the same format as the photographic
atlas of Gorilla published by the same authors in 2010. These two
books are part of a series of monographs that will set out the
comparative and phylogenetic context of the gross anatomy and
evolutionary history of the soft tissue morphology of modern humans
and their closest relatives. This atlas, which includes detailed
high-quality photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most
anatomical regions of the body as well as textual information about
the attachments, innervation and weight of the respective muscles,
is based on dissections and on an extensive review of the
literature.
It provides an updated review of the anatomical variations within
hylobatids as well as an extensive list of the synonyms used in the
literature to designate the structures we discuss. The atlas will
be of interest to students, teachers and researchers studying
primatology, comparative anatomy, functional morphology, zoology,
and physical anthropology and to medical students, doctors and
researchers who are curious about the origin, evolution, homology
and variations of the musculoskeletal structures of modern humans.
The Vertebrata is one of the most speciose groups of animals,
comprising more than 58,000 living species. This book provides a
detailed account on the comparative anatomy, development,
homologies and evolution of the head, neck, pectoral and forelimb
muscles of vertebrates. It includes hundreds of illustrations, as
well as numerous tables showing the homologies between the muscles
of all the major extant vertebrate taxa, including lampreys,
elasmobranchs, hagfish, coelacanths, dipnoans, actinistians,
teleosts, halecomorphs, ginglymodians, chondrosteans, caecilians,
anurans, urodeles, turtles, lepidosaurs, crocodylians, birds, and
mammals such as monotremes, rodents, tree-shrews, flying lemurs and
primates, including modern humans. It also provides a list of more
than a thousand synonyms that have been used by other authors to
designate these muscles in the literature. Importantly, it also
reviews data obtained in the fields of evolutionary developmental
biology, molecular biology and embryology, and explains how this
data helps to understand the evolution and homologies of vertebrate
muscles. The book will useful to students, teachers, and
researchers working in fields such as functional morphology,
ecomorphology, evolutionary developmental biology, zoology,
molecular biology, evolution, and phylogeny. As the book includes
crucial information about the anatomy, development, homologies,
evolution and muscular abnormalities of our own species, Homo
sapiens, it will also be helpful to physicians and medical
students.
The book provides insight on the osteology, myology, phylogeny and
evolution of Osteichthyes. It not only provides an extensive
cladistic analysis of osteichthyan higher-level inter-relationships
based on a phylogenetic comparison of 356 characters in 80 extant
and fossil terminal taxa representing all major groups of
Osteichthyes, but also analyses various terminal taxa and
osteological characters. And also provides a general discussion on
issues such as the comparative anatomy, homologies and evolution of
osteichthyan cranial and pectoral muscles, the development of
zebrafish cephalic muscles and the implications for evolutionary
developmental studies, the origin homologies and evolution of one
of the most peculiar and enigmatic structural complexes of
osteichthyans, the Weberian apparatus, and the use of myological
versus osteological characters in phylogenetic reconstructions.
Chordates comprise lampreys, hagfishes, jawed fishes, and
tetrapods, plus a variety of more unfamiliar and crucially
important non-vertebrate animal lineages, such as lancelets and sea
squirts. This will be the first book to synthesize, summarize, and
provide high-quality illustrations to show what is known of the
configuration, development, homology, and evolution of the muscles
of all major extant chordate groups. Muscles as different as those
used to open the siphons of sea squirts and for human facial
communication will be compared, and their evolutionary links will
be explained. Another unique feature of the book is that it covers,
illustrates, and provides detailed evolutionary tables for each and
every muscle of the head, neck and of all paired and median
appendages of extant vertebrates. Key Selling Features: Has more
than 200 high-quality anatomical illustrations, including
evolutionary trees that summarize the origin and evolution of all
major muscle groups of chordates Includes data on the muscles of
the head and neck and on the pectoral, pelvic, anal, dorsal, and
caudal appendages of all extant vertebrate taxa Examines
experimental observations from evolutionary developmental biology
studies of chordate muscle development, allowing to evolutionarily
link the muscles of vertebrates with those of other chordates
Discusses broader developmental and evolutionary issues and their
implications for macroevolution, such as the links between
phylogeny and ontogeny, homology and serial homology, normal and
abnormal development, the evolution, variations, and birth defects
of humans, and medicine.
Understanding Human Anatomy and Pathology: An Evolutionary and
Developmental Guide for Medical Students provides medical students
with a much easier and more comprehensive way to learn and
understand human gross anatomy by combining state-of-the-art
knowledge about human anatomy, evolution, development, and
pathology in one book. The book adds evolutionary, pathological,
and developmental information in a way that reduces the difficulty
and total time spent learning gross anatomy by making learning more
logical and systematic. It also synthesizes data that would
normally be available for students only by consulting several books
at a time. Anatomical illustrations are carefully selected to
follow the style of those seen in human anatomical atlases but are
simpler in their overall configuration, making them easier to
understand without overwhelming students with visual information.
The book's organization is also more versatile than most human
anatomy texts so that students can refer to different sections
according to their own learning styles. Because it is relatively
short in length and easily transportable, students can take this
invaluable book anywhere and use it to understand most of the
structures they need to learn for any gross anatomy course.
Understanding Human Anatomy and Pathology: An Evolutionary and
Developmental Guide for Medical Students provides medical students
with a much easier and more comprehensive way to learn and
understand human gross anatomy by combining state-of-the-art
knowledge about human anatomy, evolution, development, and
pathology in one book. The book adds evolutionary, pathological,
and developmental information in a way that reduces the difficulty
and total time spent learning gross anatomy by making learning more
logical and systematic. It also synthesizes data that would
normally be available for students only by consulting several books
at a time. Anatomical illustrations are carefully selected to
follow the style of those seen in human anatomical atlases but are
simpler in their overall configuration, making them easier to
understand without overwhelming students with visual information.
The book's organization is also more versatile than most human
anatomy texts so that students can refer to different sections
according to their own learning styles. Because it is relatively
short in length and easily transportable, students can take this
invaluable book anywhere and use it to understand most of the
structures they need to learn for any gross anatomy course.
Chimpanzees, including common chimpanzees and bonobos, are our
closest living relatives. This book, which is the first
photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal atlas of the genus
Pan, adopts the same format as the photographic atlases of Gorilla
and Hylobates previously published by the same authors. These three
books are part of a series of monographs that will set out the
comparative and phylogenetic context of the gross anatomy and
evolutionary history of the soft tissue morphology of modern humans
and their closest relatives. The atlas, which includes detailed
high-quality photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most
anatomical regions of the body as well as textual information about
the attachments, innervation, function and weight of the respective
muscles, is based on dissections of up to 12 chimpanzees and on an
extensive review of the literature. It provides an updated review
of the anatomical variations within chimpanzees as well as an
extensive list of the synonyms used in the literature. The book is
designed for students, teachers and researchers studying
primatology, comparative anatomy, functional morphology, zoology,
and physical anthropology and to medical students, doctors and
researchers who are curious about the origin, evolution, homology
and variations of the musculoskeletal structures of modern humans.
Chimpanzees, including common chimpanzees and bonobos, are our
closest living relatives. This book, which is the first
photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal atlas of the genus
Pan, adopts the same format as the photographic atlases of Gorilla
and Hylobates previously published by the same authors. These three
books are part of a series of monographs that will set out the
comparative and phylogenetic context of the gross anatomy and
evolutionary history of the soft tissue morphology of modern humans
and their closest relatives. The atlas, which includes detailed
high-quality photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most
anatomical regions of the body as well as textual information about
the attachments, innervation, function and weight of the respective
muscles, is based on dissections of up to 12 chimpanzees and on an
extensive review of the literature. It provides an updated review
of the anatomical variations within chimpanzees as well as an
extensive list of the synonyms used in the literature. The book is
designed for students, teachers and researchers studying
primatology, comparative anatomy, functional morphology, zoology,
and physical anthropology and to medical students, doctors and
researchers who are curious about the origin, evolution, homology
and variations of the musculoskeletal structures of modern humans.
This book proposes a new way to think about evolution. The author
carefully brings together evidence from diverse fields of science.
In the process, he bridges the gaps between many different--and
usually seen as conflicting--ideas to present one integrative
theory named ONCE, which stands for Organic Nonoptimal Constrained
Evolution. The author argues that evolution is mainly driven by the
behavioral choices and persistence of organisms themselves, in a
process in which Darwinian natural selection is mainly a
secondary--but still crucial--evolutionary player. Within ONCE,
evolution is therefore generally made of mistakes and mismatches
and trial-and-error situations, and is not a process where
organisms engage in an incessant, suffocating struggle in which
they can't thrive if they are not optimally adapted to their
habitats and the external environment. Therefore, this unifying
view incorporates a more comprehensive view of the diversity and
complexity of life by stressing that organisms are not merely
passive evolutionary players under the rule of external factors.
This insightful and well-reasoned argument is based on numerous
fascinating case studies from a wide range of organisms, including
bacteria, plants, insects and diverse examples from the evolution
of our own species. The book has an appeal to researchers,
students, teachers, and those with an interest in the history and
philosophy of science, as well as to the broader public, as it
brings life back into biology by emphasizing that organisms,
including humans, are the key active players in evolution and thus
in the future of life on this wonderful planet.
This book proposes a new way to think about evolution. The author
carefully brings together evidence from diverse fields of science.
In the process, he bridges the gaps between many different--and
usually seen as conflicting--ideas to present one integrative
theory named ONCE, which stands for Organic Nonoptimal Constrained
Evolution. The author argues that evolution is mainly driven by the
behavioral choices and persistence of organisms themselves, in a
process in which Darwinian natural selection is mainly a
secondary--but still crucial--evolutionary player. Within ONCE,
evolution is therefore generally made of mistakes and mismatches
and trial-and-error situations, and is not a process where
organisms engage in an incessant, suffocating struggle in which
they can't thrive if they are not optimally adapted to their
habitats and the external environment. Therefore, this unifying
view incorporates a more comprehensive view of the diversity and
complexity of life by stressing that organisms are not merely
passive evolutionary players under the rule of external factors.
This insightful and well-reasoned argument is based on numerous
fascinating case studies from a wide range of organisms, including
bacteria, plants, insects and diverse examples from the evolution
of our own species. The book has an appeal to researchers,
students, teachers, and those with an interest in the history and
philosophy of science, as well as to the broader public, as it
brings life back into biology by emphasizing that organisms,
including humans, are the key active players in evolution and thus
in the future of life on this wonderful planet.
Orangutans, together with chimpanzees and gorillas, are our closest
living relatives. Photographic and Descriptive Musculoskeletal
Atlas of Orangutans, the first photographic and descriptive
musculoskeletal atlas of the genus Pongo, adopts the same format as
the photographic atlases of Gorilla, Pan and Hylobates previously
published by the same authors. These four books are part of a
series of monographs that will set out the comparative and
phylogenetic context of the gross anatomy and evolutionary history
of the soft tissue morphology of modern humans and their closest
relatives. The present atlas, which includes detailed high-quality
photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most anatomical
regions of the body as well as textual information about the
attachments, innervation, function and weight of the respective
muscles, is based on dissections of five orangutans and on an
extensive review of the literature. It provides an updated review
of the anatomical variations within orangutans as well as an
extensive list of the synonyms used in the literature to designate
the structures we discuss. It will be of interest to students,
teachers and researchers studying primatology, comparative anatomy,
functional morphology, zoology, and physical anthropology and to
medical students, doctors and researchers who are curious about the
origin, evolution, homology and variations of the musculoskeletal
structures of modern humans.
Chordates comprise lampreys, hagfishes, jawed fishes, and
tetrapods, plus a variety of more unfamiliar and crucially
important non-vertebrate animal lineages, such as lancelets and sea
squirts. This will be the first book to synthesize, summarize, and
provide high-quality illustrations to show what is known of the
configuration, development, homology, and evolution of the muscles
of all major extant chordate groups. Muscles as different as those
used to open the siphons of sea squirts and for human facial
communication will be compared, and their evolutionary links will
be explained. Another unique feature of the book is that it covers,
illustrates, and provides detailed evolutionary tables for each and
every muscle of the head, neck and of all paired and median
appendages of extant vertebrates. Key Selling Features: Has more
than 200 high-quality anatomical illustrations, including
evolutionary trees that summarize the origin and evolution of all
major muscle groups of chordates Includes data on the muscles of
the head and neck and on the pectoral, pelvic, anal, dorsal, and
caudal appendages of all extant vertebrate taxa Examines
experimental observations from evolutionary developmental biology
studies of chordate muscle development, allowing to evolutionarily
link the muscles of vertebrates with those of other chordates
Discusses broader developmental and evolutionary issues and their
implications for macroevolution, such as the links between
phylogeny and ontogeny, homology and serial homology, normal and
abnormal development, the evolution, variations, and birth defects
of humans, and medicine.
The first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal atlas of
a baby gorilla, this book details the comparative and phylogenetic
context of the gross anatomy and evolutionary history of the soft
tissue morphology of modern humans and one of their closest
relatives. With detailed high-quality photographs of
musculoskeletal structures, it provides an updated review of the
anatomical variations within gorillas as well as an extensive list
of the synonyms used in the literature to designate the structures
discussed. It will be of interest to students, teachers, and
researchers studying primatology, comparative anatomy, functional
morphology, zoology, and physical anthropology.
Whatever are your beliefs, background, education, political views
or interests, one thing is sure: this book will engage you, teach
you something new, and more importantly make you to re-think deeply
about critical aspects of your daily-life, including sex, love,
food, physical activities, diseases, work and stress, and how you
see and deal with other people, other animals, and the planet in
general. Indeed, it focuses on topics that have fascinated people
from all places and historical periods since times immemorial: Why
are we here? What is the meaning of life? Are we progressing, and
will we thrive? It does this by integrating in a unique fashion
information from ancient Greek, Sumerian, Hindu, Jewish, Buddhist,
Christian and Muslim texts to high-tech brain research, facts about
near-death experiences, Covid-19, QAnon conspiracies, virtual
reality and dating aps; from Adam and Eve to the rise of misogyny
and racism to Black Lives Matter, Me-Too, Hollywood romantic movies
and Disney fairy-tales. Contrary to notions about 'human progress'
and 'Homo Deus' defended by authors such as Harari, Pinker and
Dawkins, it shows that human history instead involves the
repetition of similar imaginary tales created by a combination of
traits found in other animals and the uniquely human obsession
about 'cosmic purpose' stories related to our awareness of death's
inevitability. Organized religions appeared later, chiefly during
the rise of agriculture and 'civilizations'. Diogo navigates
mesmerizing untold stories revealing a paradox: these events and
the industrial 'revolution' increased inequality, oppression,
slavery, subjugation of women, famines, plagues, 'work', stress,
and suicides. Data from psychology, biology, neurobiology, and
cross-cultural studies of hunter-gatherers and so-called
'developed' societies reveal an even more profound paradox: within
all forms of life, the 'sapient being' is the one immersed in
Neverland's world of unreality - truly a Homo irrationalis, fictus
and socialis believing in fictional tales about cosmic 'duties',
'romantic meant to be', demons, inferior 'races' and 'genders',
conspiracies, and 'justified' slavery, warfare, genocides, and
animal abuses. Importantly, such tales play, on the other hand,
crucial functions such as help coping with death and a plethora of
societal troubles, decreasing stress, or preventing drug and
alcohol abuse. An optimist and passionate wondered and wanderer,
Diogo provides enthralling details about the history of religion,
discrimination, romantic love, warfare, diseases and Earth's
biodiversity illustrating how 'virtue is in the middle' and that we
- with our intriguing combination of beliefs, bodily needs and
desires, artistic abilities, and mismatches between our senses'
illusions and the cosmos' reality - are not 'better' or 'worse'
than the other millions of captivating living species. This
powerful and urgently needed message has critical repercussions for
how we understand, care about, and mindfully enjoy living in this
splendid planet, in the reality of here and now. Pre-publication
comments: "I applaud the enormous work that Diogo has invested in
this follow-up to his widely acclaimed Evolution driven by
organismal behavior book, and the challenge of getting people to
think beyond and outside of our usual set of definitions and
expectations. The case-studies provided in the book are fascinating
and insightful" (Drew Noden, Award-winning Emeritus Professor,
Cornell University) "Rui Diogo is becoming the Slavoj Zizek of
evolutionary biology" (Marcelo Sanchez-Villagra, Director of the
Paleontological Institute and Museum of the University of Zurich)
The major aim of this work is, to help clarify the
interrelationships of catfishes, with major implications on the
study of the general evolution of these fishes. A great part of
this work, therefore, deals with a cladistic analysis of catfish
higher-level phylogeny based on extensive morphological data, in
which are included some terminal taxa not included in previous
analyses, but principally a large number of characters
traditionally excluded from those analyses, with particular
attention being given to catfish morphology. This analysis gives
particular importance to complex, integrated structures. It will be
interest to students, ichthyologists and biologists working in
evolution, taxonomy and phylogeny.
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R398
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Discovery Miles 3 300
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