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Given the turbulence in the international order in recent years,
one of the central concerns among observers of world politics is
the question of China's ultimate goals. As China emerges as a
superpower that rivals the United States, American policymakers
grappling with this century's greatest geopolitical challenge are
looking for answers to a series of critical questions. Does China
have expansive ambitions? Does it have a grand strategy to achieve
them? If so, what is it and what should the United States do about
it? In The Long Game, Rush Doshi draws from a rich base of Chinese
primary sources, including decades worth of party documents, leaked
materials, and memoirs by party leaders, to demonstrate that China
is in fact playing a long, methodical game to replace America as a
regional and global hegemon. He traces the basic evolution of
Chinese strategy, showing how it evolved in response to changes in
US policy and its position in the world order. After charting these
shifts over time, Doshi offers a comprehensive yet "asymmetric"
plan for an effective US response to this challenge: one that
undermines China's ambitions without competing dollar-for-dollar,
ship-for-ship, or loan-for-loan. Ironically, the approach mirrors
China's own current strategy of subtly weakening Chinese leverage
in the region and elsewhere while expanding US leverage over China.
A bold assessment of what the Chinese government's true foreign
policy objectives are, The Long Game offers valuable insight to the
most important rivalry in world politics.
The global implications of China's rise as a global actorIn 2005, a
senior official in the George W. Bush administration expressed the
hope that China would emerge as a "responsible stakeholder" on the
world stage. A dozen years later, the Trump administration
dramatically shifted course, instead calling China a "strategic
competitor" whose actions routinely threaten U.S. interests. Both
assessments reflected an underlying truth: China is no longer just
a "rising" power. It has emerged as a truly global actor, both
economically and militarily. Every day its actions affect nearly
every region and every major issue, from climate change to trade,
from conflict in troubled lands to competition over rules that will
govern the uses of emerging technologies. To better address the
implications of China's new status, both for American policy and
for the broader international order, Brookings scholars conducted
research over the past two years, culminating in a project: Global
China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World. The project is
intended to furnish policy makers and the public with hard facts
and deep insights for understanding China's regional and global
ambitions. The initiative draws not only on Brookings's deep bench
of China and East Asia experts, but also on the tremendous breadth
of the institution's security, strategy, regional studies,
technological, and economic development experts. Areas of focus
include the evolution of China's domestic institutions; great power
relations; the emergence of critical technologies; Asian security;
China's influence in key regions beyond Asia; and China's impact on
global governance and norms. Global China: Assessing China's
Growing Role in the World provides the most current, broad-scope,
and fact-based assessment of the implications of China's rise for
the United States and the rest of the world.
For more than a century, no US adversary or coalition of
adversaries - not Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, or the Soviet Union
- has ever reached sixty percent of US GDP. China is the sole
exception, and it is fast emerging into a global superpower that
could rival, if not eclipse, the United States. What does China
want, does it have a grand strategy to achieve it, and what should
the United States do about it? In The Long Game, Rush Doshi draws
from a rich base of Chinese primary sources, including decades
worth of party documents, leaked materials, memoirs by party
leaders, and a careful analysis of China's conduct to provide a
history of China's grand strategy since the end of the Cold War.
Taking readers behind the Party's closed doors, he uncovers
Beijing's long, methodical game to displace America from its
hegemonic position in both the East Asia regional and global orders
through three sequential "strategies of displacement." Beginning in
the 1980s, China focused for two decades on "hiding capabilities
and biding time." After the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, it became
more assertive regionally, following a policy of "actively
accomplishing something." Finally, in the aftermath populist
elections of 2016, China shifted to an even more aggressive
strategy for undermining US hegemony, adopting the phrase "great
changes unseen in century." After charting how China's long game
has evolved, Doshi offers a comprehensive yet asymmetric plan for
an effective US response. Ironically, his proposed approach takes a
page from Beijing's own strategic playbook to undermine China's
ambitions and strengthen American order without competing
dollar-for-dollar, ship-for-ship, or loan-for-loan.
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