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The purpose of this paper is to identify some concepts that nuclear
enterprise leaders might choose to use in achieving balance for
dual-role strategic bombers. Dual-role bombers face a unique demand
of having to maintain a high state of readiness in both the nuclear
and conventional missions. In order to identify some useful
concepts, this study reviews three erasthe Vietnam conflict, the
time between Vietnam and through the Persian Gulf War, and the
contemporary time periodin order to discover some methods used by
leaders in the past to achieve balance amongst competing
requirements. From 1965 to 1972, B-52 leaders utilized in-theater
training to prepare bomber crews for combat. These crews developed
and distributed lessons learned, which Strategic Air Command (SAC)
incorporated into a specially designed Remote Training Unit created
to prepare crews for combat in Southeast Asia. The nuclear mission
suffered as resources were siphoned off to support the conflict in
Vietnam, but Strategic Air Command was able to replenish some bases
with necessary personnel once they were made aware of the difficult
demands facing bomber leaders. Fortunately, there was direct
transfer between nuclear and conventional weapon skill-sets.
Following Vietnam, the B-52 force acquired additional weapons and
missions and achieved balance through the flexible use of training
processes. Wing commanders were given the flexibility to tailor
training in order to meet critical mission requirements.
Unfortunately, despite carrying a conventional mission, not all
bombers trained equally to this task, leading to varying levels of
success in the Persian Gulf War. Bomber leaders utilized routine
unit training, pre-deployment training, and in-theater training to
prepare B-52 crews for combat. After the war, SAC was replaced by a
new command and a new focus for the expected future use of bombers.
Operational decision analysis is one of the most preeminent
challenges facing the Joint Forces Air Component Commander (JFACC)
in campaign planning. Furthermore, while the JFACC utilizes
operational art and doctrinal processes to design a campaign, there
exists no means to record the results of decision analysis to use
later during execution. Operational Design and use of the Cognitive
Map provides a perfect tool for the JFACC to use when designing an
air campaign. This paper analyzes the application of the Cognitive
Map to the air campaign planning process with the goal of producing
a Decision Support Matrix the JFACC should use in formulating
preplanned decisions and subsequently use for emergent
opportunities. These matrixes become the JFACC's playbook.
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