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The theory of General Relativity, after its invention by Albert
Einstein, remained for many years a monument of mathemati cal
speculation, striking in its ambition and its formal beauty, but
quite separated from the main stream of modern Physics, which had
centered, after the early twenties, on quantum mechanics and its
applications. In the last ten or fifteen years, however, the
situation has changed radically. First, a great deal of significant
exper en tal data became available. Then important contributions
were made to the incorporation of general relativity into the
framework of quantum theory. Finally, in the last three years,
exciting devel opments took place which have placed general
relativity, and all the concepts behind it, at the center of our
understanding of par ticle physics and quantum field theory.
Firstly, this is due to the fact that general relativity is really
the "original non-abe lian gauge theory," and that our description
of quantum field in teractions makes extensive use of the concept
of gauge invariance. Secondly, the ideas of supersymmetry have
enabled theoreticians to combine gravity with other elementary
particle interactions, and to construct what is perhaps the first
approach to a more finite quantum theory of gravitation, which is
known as super gravity."
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