Undergraduate students in environmental science need a foundation in instrumental analysis as much as traditional chemistry majors, but their needs may be quite different. Environmental Chemical Analysis provides an explanation of analytical instrumentation methods for students without a background in analytical chemistry. This second edition features expanded material on sample preparation and quality assurance and control. It also includes new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates. It brings together sampling, sample preparation, and analytical techniques necessary for environmental applications, demonstrated through case studies of actual environmental measurement protocols. Provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of environmental chemical analysis Explains analytical instrumentation methods for students approaching the subject from a different angle Includes two new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates Expands material on sample preparation and quality assurance/quality control Winner of Choice 2019 Outstanding Academic Title Award

This book is an account of the manner in which the optical phenomena observed from solids relate to their fundamental properties. Written at the graduate level, it attempts a threefold purpose: an indication of the breadth of the subject, an in-depth examination of important areas, and a text for a two-semester course. The first two chapters present introductory theory as a foundation for subsequent reading. The following ten chapters broadly concern electronic properties associated with semiconductors ranging from narrow to wide energy gap materials. Lattice properties are examined in the remaining chap ters, in which effects governed by phonons in perfect crystals, point defects, their vibrational and electronic spectra, and electron-phonon interactions are stressed. Fun and hard work, both in considerable measure, have gone into the preparation of this volume. At the University of Freiburg, W. Germany, from August 7-20, 1966, the occasion of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on "The Optical Properties of Solids," the authors of these various chapters lectured for the Institute; this volume provides essentially the "Proceed ings" of that meeting. Many major revisions of original lectures (contrac tions and enlargements) were required for better organization and presentation of the subject matter. Several abbreviated chapters appear mainly to indicate the importance of their contents in optical properties research and to indicate recently published books that provide ample coverage. We are indebted to many people: the authors for their efforts and patience; our host at the University of Freiburg, the late Professor Dr.

This book provides an account of modern aspects relating far infrared radiation to properties of solids; it encompasses both theoretical and experimental considerations. Written at the gradu ate level, it attempts a threefold purpose; an indication of the breadth of the subject, an in-depth examination of important areas, and reference material to complement a text for a course. The treatment and organization of material here is compatible with a preceding volume of this series on "Optical Properties of Solids." Chapters 1-6 present material concerned principally with experimental considerations necessary to the carrying out of meas urements in the far infrared spectral region. They also serve to provide considerable introductory material for the remaining chap ters which deal with various areas that offer theoretical treat ments utilizing and understanding far infrared properties of solids. Several lectures presented at the Institute could not be in cluded in this book for two reasons: (i) Final versions of the lecture notes suitable for publication never arrived from several lecturers; (ii) Some materials were deliberately left out fro~ this book as they were also presented at an earlier NATO Institute and form part of a preceding volume edited by us in this series. In particular, it is recommended that Chapters 14 and 15, viz., in frared and Raman spectra due to lattice vibrations by S. S. Mitra and impurity induced lattice absorption by L. Genzel in "Optical Properties of Solids'* be read concurrently with the present volume.

In June 1978 the University of Rhode Island conducted a three-day short course on Recent Advances in Fiber Optics. followed by a two-day conference on the Physics of Fiber Optics. The course contained over a dozen lectures spanning a wide range of subject matter from fundamental theory to operational systems. presented by well-known scientists from industry. government and academic institutions. The conference. on the other hand. emphasized basic research on fiber optics and related subjects. This volume contains both papers presented at the conference. as well as the majority of the lectures from the course (the written versions were solicited on a voluntary basis for this volume). In some cases the papers in this volume represent expanded or otherwise modified versions of the original presentations. One of the principal aims of the conference was promulgation of novel and/or unconventional concepts. For this reason. the papers in this volume cover subjects such as bistable optical switches. fiber acoustic sensors. extruded infrared fibers. compressively coated glass fibers. and soliton propagation in fibers.

Undergraduate students in environmental science need a foundation in instrumental analysis as much as traditional chemistry majors, but their needs may be quite different. Environmental Chemical Analysis provides an explanation of analytical instrumentation methods for students without a background in analytical chemistry. This second edition features expanded material on sample preparation and quality assurance and control. It also includes new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates. It brings together sampling, sample preparation, and analytical techniques necessary for environmental applications, demonstrated through case studies of actual environmental measurement protocols. Provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of environmental chemical analysis Explains analytical instrumentation methods for students approaching the subject from a different angle Includes two new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates Expands material on sample preparation and quality assurance/quality control Winner of Choice 2019 Outstanding Academic Title Award

The importance of accurate sample preparation techniques cannot be overstated--meticulous sample preparation is essential.  Often overlooked, it is the midway point where the analytes from the sample matrix are transformed so they are suitable for analysis.  Even the best analytical techniques cannot rectify problems generated by sloppy sample pretreatment.

Devoted entirely to teaching and reinforcing these necessary pretreatment steps, Sample Preparation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry addresses diverse aspects of this important measurement step.  These include:

• State-of-the-art extraction techniques for organic and inorganic analytes
• Sample preparation in biological measurements
• Sample pretreatment in microscopy
• Surface enhancement as a sample preparation tool in Raman and IR spectroscopy
• Sample concentration and clean-up methods
• Quality control steps

Designed to serve as a text in an undergraduate or graduate level curriculum, Sample Preparation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry also provides an invaluable reference tool for analytical chemists in the chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, environmental, and materials sciences.

A primer on traditional hard and emerging soft computing approaches for mining multimedia data

While the digital revolution has made huge volumes of high dimensional multimedia data available, it has also challenged users to extract the information they seek from heretofore unthinkably huge datasets. Traditional hard computing data mining techniques have concentrated on flat-file applications. Soft computing tools–such as fuzzy sets, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, and rough sets–however, offer the opportunity to apply a wide range of data types to a variety of vital functions by handling real-life uncertainty with low-cost solutions. Data Mining: Multimedia, Soft Computing, and Bioinformatics provides an accessible introduction to fundamental and advanced data mining technologies.

This readable survey describes data mining strategies for a slew of data types, including numeric and alpha-numeric formats, text, images, video, graphics, and the mixed representations therein. Along with traditional concepts and functions of data mining–like classification, clustering, and rule mining–the authors highlight topical issues in multimedia applications and bioinformatics. Principal topics discussed throughout the text include:

• The role of soft computing and its principles in data mining
• Principles and classical algorithms on string matching and their role in data (mainly text) mining
• Data compression principles for both lossless and lossy techniques, including their scope in data mining
• Access of data using matching pursuits both in raw and compressed data domains
• Application in mining biological databases

Thermo-mechanical simulation is a very effective tool to understand the combined effect of heat and deformation on resulting microstructure and properties of steel and other material. Leading experts worldwide engaged in this important area of research have generated a plethora of valuable information. This compendium showcases some of the recent advancements made in this vibrant field of materials’ research. Wide ranging themes covered in this compendium include inter alia recrystallization, precipitation & grain growth; simulation of hot deformation processes; Niobium microalloyed steels; thermo-mechanical controlled processing; hot deformation behaviour of stainless steels; mathematical modelling of metallurgical processes; process optimization & quality improvement; structure-property correlation; emerging steel products; welding process & simulation; and materials processing & characterization. The wealth of information contained in this book will definitely help in steering the future course of research in this highly exciting field, leading to new material development, process optimisation and quality & yield improvement.

Peter Bauer was an unlikely revolutionary, yet he inspired a revolution in development economics. In an environment dominated by a poverty of clear economic thought, Bauer built his theories of economic prosperity. He fought to free the poor from the tyranny of poverty. With the recent spread of anti-market, anti-trade, and anti-migration movements in many parts of the world, it is important that we take a fresh look at the way Bauer exposed the fallacies behind these protest movements. He showed them to be anti-poor and anti-people, and to be exacerbating global poverty. This volume is an attempt towards helping in introducing the ideas of Peter Bauer to a new generation of readers.