Foreword Barry Jacobs once memorably commented that the problem in understanding the role of serotonin in the brain was that it was implicated in virtually eve- thing but responsible for nothing 1]. Serotonin (5-HT) is defnitely implicated in the regulation of sleep but what does it do? Once seen as a sleep-promoting molecule, Jacob s own work, lucidly described in this volume, radically changed our view. In fact, serotonin neurons are most active during waking; their - tivity diminishes with sleep onset and disappears during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Serotonin, therefore, is intimately linked to the sleep-wake cycle, but what is its role, what mechanisms are involved and what are the impli- tions for sleep medicine and psychiatry? Making progress with these diffcult questions requires a translational approach, which is a research paradigm where both laboratory and clinical neuroscience inform and guide each other with the ultimate aim of improving understanding and treatment of medical conditions. This volume is a superb example of translational research, where leading basic and clinical scientists - tegrate molecular, neuropharmacological and systems approaches to illuminate the reciprocal interactions of serotonin neurons and the mechanisms involved in sleep and circadian regulation. Serotonin is an ancient chemical mediator preserved through at least 500 m- lion years of evolution. In invertebrate animals such as mollusks and leeches, 5-HT cells are distributed throughout the nervous system among the various ganglia."

During the last few decades, Sleep Medicine and Science, and many of their diverse aspects, have emerged as areas of intense medical and scientific interest. Of these, Sleep and Neuroimmunology are highly interlinked and inherently fascinating which cut across many behavioral states, touches all facets of human health and wellbeing. Elucidating the roles of immune substances and cells in Central Nervous System functions and their critical relationships in immune mechanisms in health and diseases across behavioral states.

As one of the first of its kind, this Neuroimmunology of Sleep volume provides an introduction to the interphase between Sleep and Neuroimmunology. Written both from a basic and a clinical perspective, the volume contains useful information to many biomedical professionals and students of the human biology. This informative and forward-looking volume will be valuable to sleep researchers, neuroimmunologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, neurologists and all those physicians or health care professionals who evaluate and treat patients with sleep problems. In addition, this volume will be helpful to medical students and clinicians of various disciplines who want to get an overall grasp of the Neuroimmunology of sleep field.

S.R. Pandi-Perumal, MSc., Comprehensive Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA

D.P. Cardinali, MD., PhD., Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 1121, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

G.P. Chrousos, MD, FAAP, MACP, MACE, First Department of Pediatrics, Athens University Medical School, AghiaSophia Children's Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece and Reproductive Biology and Medicine Branch, National Institute of Child and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, USA.

Drugs, Driving and Traffic Safety gives a comprehensive overview of the effects of different medical conditions like neurological disorders, anxiety and depression and their pharmaceutical treatment on driving ability. In addition, the effects of alcohol and drugs of abuse are discussed.

Leading experts present the different methodologies to examine effects of drugs on driving, and summarize the recent scientific evidence including epidemiological studies, roadside surveys, laboratory tests, driving simulators, and the standardized driving test. The volume includes guidelines of the International Council on Alcohol, Drugs and Traffic Safety (ICADTS) and the ICADTS Drugs List 2007.

Drugs, Driving and Traffic Safety is written for physicians, psychiatrists and pharmacists who want to inform their patients who use psychoactive drugs.

This book examines the correlation of the coronavirus disease-19 [CE1] [AAS2] (COVID-19) infection with sleep, circadian rhythm, and sleep disorders. The chapters of the book explore sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with psychological distress and also review the prevalence of clinical cases of insomnia, anxiety, and depression in COVID-19 patients. The book further presents the correlation between sleep, circadian rhythms, and immunity that contributes toward more severe COVID-19. It summarizes the evidence on the interplay between circadian biology, sleep, and COVID-19. The chapters of the book discuss the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and adverse COVID-19 outcomes. Towards the end, the book presents studies on the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunotropic properties of melatonin and provides mechanistic insights into the potential therapeutic use of melatonin during the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The last chapter describes the publication output of sleep-related research during the pandemic and provides an overview and trends on sleep and covid-19 publication output. This book is an excellent source for neurologists, sleep specialists, and public health specialists.

This volume highlights the recent advances in the understanding of the endocannabinoid system and the likely benefit from the therapeutic effects of cannabinoid treatment in a variety of health issues. Archeological evidence has shown that Cannabis has a long history of use for multiple purposes, including the treatment of medical conditions. The primary active constituent of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( 9-THC), causes euphoria, enhancement of sensory perception, tachycardia, antinociception, difficulties in concentration and impairment of memory, among other effects. Despite these undesirable effects, signaling is mostly inhibitory and suggests a putative role for cannabinoids as therapeutic agents by managing several diseases where inhibition of neurotransmitter release would be beneficial. The themes of this book have been edited and written by world-leaders in the field, The contents of the volume aims at readers from a range of academic and professional disciplines, such as biomedicine, several areas of biology, neurology, clinical medicine and pharmacy.

Research on cannabis and sleep is emerging with promising results. This book offers current and comprehensive knowledge on cannabinoid research results in connection with sleep. The volume covers aspects of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, the pharmacology of cannabinoids, neurobiology and pharmacology of sleep and wakefulness, and the benefits and side effects of cannabis on the central nervous system. It further discusses the putative therapeutical properties of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids and their potential for the treatment of sleep disorders such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, REM sleep behavior disorder, and restless legs syndrome. The book is written by medical and scientific experts in this field and intended for researchers from a range of disciplines such as biomedicine, biology, neurosciences, clinical medicine, neurology, and pharmacology.

This book offers a compilation of papers on the role of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) in sleep, sleep disorders and neuroendocrine functions. Leading experts in sleep medicine, psychiatry and neuroendocrinology provide a broad perspective on the field, from the anatomical structure and physiology of the MCH system to the connection with other systems influencing sleep and diseases like anxiety and depression. The potential of MCHR-1 antagonists as anxiolytic/antidepressant drugs is also reviewed. The book will represent an interdisciplinary guide for sleep disorder specialists, sleep researchers, psychiatrists, neurologists, psychologists, and behavioral sleep medicine specialists.

Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine presents an overview of sleep medicine and the management of common sleep disorders seen in a wide variety of practice settings. Chapters have been written by experts in the field in order to provide physicians of a wide range of interests and abilities with a highly readable exposition of the principal results, including numerous well articulated examples and a rich discussion of applications. The second edition has been revised to further broaden the scope with the inclusion of several new chapters such as Sleep and Dermatology, Fatigue in Chronic Medical Conditions, Occupational Sleep Medicine, Restless Legs Syndrome and Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Sleep Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain Injury, to name a few. This second edition of Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine is an interdisciplinary, scholarly, authoritative, evidence-based review of the field designed to meet the needs of a wide range of health care professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses, medical students, and social workers in health care settings.

As the title suggests, and unlike other existing books on sleep medicine, Neuroendocrine Correlates of Sleep/Wakefulness will be devoted primarily to endocrine regulation of the behavioral state control. It will address a wide spectrum of sleep./wakefulness phenomena (both animals and humans), including pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.

From molecular biology to applied clinical therapy, sleep research has been transformed in the last few years from a research backwater to an important interdisciplinary field.

Anyone who regularly reads the literature on sleep, biological rhythms, or neuroendocrinology is aware that one of the subspecialties within sleep medicine, the neuroendocrine correlates of sleep/wakefulness, has in particular experienced a growth rate that is even faster than that of the field as a whole. To a significant extent this has been attributed to the introduction of new research technologies.

The widespread adoption of a range of new methods in sleep research has opened a window of opportunities to explore at the cellular and molecular level, which previously had been tightly closed. Therefore, this volume promises to provide an exceptional single source of detailed information related to this topic. It will thereofre be of interest to advanced graduate students and specialists in the field of sleep medicine, neuroendocrinology, psychiatry, psychobiology and neurobiology. The editors have selectively identified a number of key articles having a citation frequency, which is considerably above the norm or which otherwise have contributed importantly to defining the neuroendocrine perspective.

This new volume on Neuroendocrine Correlates ofSleep/Wakefulness is an up-to-date resource of research summaries and reviews written by major contributors to the fields of sleep, biological rhythms and neuroendocrinology. Its coverage is broad and its basic and clinical science reviews are detailed.

In this volume, an international team of experts discuss their latest ideas, concepts, methods, and interpretations with supporting examples. This volume is intended for advanced students and specialists in psychobiology, neuroscience, neuroendocrinology, and psychiatry but might also be interest to anyone concerned with understanding the Neuroendocrine correlates of sleep/wakefulness.

The contributions are directed more towards providing an integrated view of the field from the perspective of the authors, rather than being a compendium of recent results. The intent is to provide a reference book for recent and future workers in this and related areas of medicine and biology. Each topic in this volume has received the attention of a panel of authors who have responded to our request to review and place into perspective the major issues, which will undoubtedly confront newcomers to the field.

The topics dealt with in Neuroendocrine correlates of Sleep/wakefulness are both diverse and complex. The editors hope that this volume will provide an authoritative summary of important issues in the neuroendocrine correlates of sleep/wakefulness. We also hope that it will motivate new researchers to join the quest for solutions to the problems that have been identified by our contributing authors.

Written for sleep technologists, Clinical Atlas of Polysomnography provides basic information regarding normal sleep, sleep disorders, and electrophysiology that is outside of the scope of the AASM manual (AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events). It aims to act as a guide through the fundamental aspects of, for example, types of overnight sleep study, establishing a sleep laboratory, preparing the patient for a sleep evaluation study, placement of electrodes and leads, and the scientific aspects of such placement, i.e., why they are placed at that particular position. This information will be very useful in those parts of the globe where formal training in sleep technology is not yet available. Many further chapters focus on depicting real-time illustrations of sleep data as captured in the sleep laboratory and the scoring of recording data. Information regarding common montages, artifacts, and troubleshooting in the sleep laboratory will facilitate the reader’s journey as a trainee sleep technologist. While scoring sleep recordings, the "When you score the data" histogram can provide a great deal of useful information, and this has been explained in detail in this book. Most importantly, it is prudent to be able to write reports that are both informative and easy to understand by physicians who do not have advanced knowledge of sleep medicine. A chapter has been dedicated to explaining this in detail. Lastly, the authors have provided ready-made forms, questionnaires, and documents that can either be used as they are or with some modifications. This up-to-date and comprehensive volume will be an invaluable guide for technicians and physicians who wish to practice sleep medicine and will be useful for sleep technology and physician training programs. The volume is intended to complement, not be a substitute for, the AASM scoring manual, as many areas that are covered in the manual are not covered here.

Sleep medicine encompasses an unusually board spectrum of contributions from biology, technology, and medicine. This volume summarizes the considerable mass of knowledge that has been accumulated in the field and imparts its major findings in a manner that is comprehensive yet not overwhelming. Edited by an eminent sleep researcher and with contributions from leading experts in the field, the volume provides a basic grounding in sleep medicine and covers the fascinating complexity of the field. It separates figure from ground for those who are newcomers to the field and who are seeking guideposts for further research. Sleep problems are frequently co-morbid with other medical conditions, and clinicians need to be alert to this interconnectedness and to recognize which difficulties are primary and which are not. Synoposis of Sleep Medicine will be a valuable tool for clinicians in many specialties for addressing diagnostic problems in sleep medicine. The volume is the first of its kind, rich yet comprehensive and focused and one that is sure to meet the needs of both basic and clinical research for some years to come.

This volume is intended for neuropharmacologists, psychopharmacologists, pharmacologists, pharmacists, sleep researchers, translational neuroscience researchers, and other basic researchers and clinical scientists interested in an interdisciplinary approach to sleep medicine. The level of the book is aiming at CNS researchers, drug development scientists, basic and clinical sleep researchers, as well as senior medical students and fellows in psychiatry and neurology. Orexin and Sleep provides a unique resource, giving a comprehensive and highly readable summary of the basic concepts in orexin biology and pharmacology along with clinical applications in sleep medicine in general, and narcolepsy in particular.

Sleep disorders can have substantial impact on public health through the disruption of education, work, and the quality of life for affected patients. The substantial breakthroughs in sleep research and sleep medicine now being made are influencing public health approaches to these disorders. The first text to review how the modern approach to sleep medicine can improve public health, this clearly presented work focuses on the emerging challenges and public health consequence of sleep and wake dysfunctions, and is fully up to date with modern sleep research. Written by leading international authorities, Sleep Disorders provides essential information to sleep specialists, psychiatrists, neurologists, public and population health physicians, and national and international health public policy makers.

Sleep medicine encompasses an unusually board spectrum of contributions from biology, technology, and medicine. This volume summarizes the considerable mass of knowledge that has been accumulated in the field and imparts its major findings in a manner that is comprehensive yet not overwhelming. Edited by an eminent sleep researcher and with contributions from leading experts in the field, the volume provides a basic grounding in sleep medicine and covers the fascinating complexity of the field. It separates figure from ground for those who are newcomers to the field and who are seeking guideposts for further research. Sleep problems are frequently co-morbid with other medical conditions, and clinicians need to be alert to this interconnectedness and to recognize which difficulties are primary and which are not. Synoposis of Sleep Medicine will be a valuable tool for clinicians in many specialties for addressing diagnostic problems in sleep medicine. The volume is the first of its kind, rich yet comprehensive and focused and one that is sure to meet the needs of both basic and clinical research for some years to come.

Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine presents an overview of sleep medicine and the management of common sleep disorders seen in a wide variety of practice settings. Chapters have been written by experts in the field in order to provide physicians of a wide range of interests and abilities with a highly readable exposition of the principal results, including numerous well articulated examples and a rich discussion of applications. The second edition has been revised to further broaden the scope with the inclusion of several new chapters such as Sleep and Dermatology, Fatigue in Chronic Medical Conditions, Occupational Sleep Medicine, Restless Legs Syndrome and Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Sleep Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain Injury, to name a few. This second edition of Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine is an interdisciplinary, scholarly, authoritative, evidence-based review of the field designed to meet the needs of a wide range of health care professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses, medical students, and social workers in health care settings.

Sleep disorders can have substantial impact on public health through the disruption of education, work, and the quality of life for affected patients. The substantial breakthroughs in sleep research and sleep medicine now being made are influencing public health approaches to these disorders.

The first text to review how the modern approach to sleep medicine can improve public health, this clearly presented work focuses on the emerging challenges and public health consequence of sleep and wake dysfunctions, and is fully up to date with modern sleep research.

Written by leading international authorities, Sleep Disorders provides essential information to sleep specialists, psychiatrists, neurologists, public and population health physicians, and national and international health public policy makers.

As the title suggests, and unlike other existing books on sleep medicine, Neuroendocrine Correlates of Sleep/Wakefulness will be devoted primarily to endocrine regulation of the behavioral state control. It will address a wide spectrum of sleep./wakefulness phenomena (both animals and humans), including pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. From molecular biology to applied clinical therapy, sleep research has been transformed in the last few years from a research backwater to an important interdisciplinary field. Anyone who regularly reads the literature on sleep, biological rhythms, or neuroendocrinology is aware that one of the subspecialties within sleep medicine, the neuroendocrine correlates of sleep/wakefulness, has in particular experienced a growth rate that is even faster than that of the field as a whole. To a significant extent this has been due to the introduction of new research technologies. The widespread adoption of a range of new methods in sleep research has opened a window into activities at the cellular and molecular level, which previously had been tightly closed. Consequently these activities are being characterized with a degree of precision and sensitivity that is without precedent. This volume invites the reader to explore the new vistas that have been opened onto the neuroendocrine frontier of sleep medicine. The editors have selectively identified a number of key articles having a citation frequency, which is considerably above the norm or which otherwise have contributed importantly to defining the neuroendocrine perspective. This new volume on Neuroendocrine Correlates of Sleep/Wakefulness is an up-to-date resource of research summaries and reviews written by major contributors to the fields of sleep, biological rhythms and neuroendocrinology. Its coverage is broad and its basic and clinical science reviews are detailed. In this volume, an international team of experts discuss their latest ideas, concepts, methods, and interpretations with supporting examples. This volume is intended for advanced students and specialists in psychobiology, neuroscience, neuroendocrinology, and psychiatry but might also be interest to anyone concerned with understanding the Neuroendocrine correlates of sleep/wakefulness. The contributions are directed more towards providing an integrated view of the field from the perspective of the authors, rather than being a compendium of recent results. The intent is to provide a reference book for recent and future workers in this and related areas of medicine and biology. Each topic in this volume has received the attention of a panel of authors who have responded to our request to review and place into perspective the major issues, which will undoubtedly confront newcomers to the field. The topics dealt with in Neuroendocrine correlates of Sleep/wakefulness are both diverse and complex. The editors hope that this volume will provide an authoritative summary of important issues in the neuroendocrine correlates of sleep/wakefulness. We also hope that it will motivate new researchers to join the quest for solutions to the problems that have been identified by our contributing authors.

Diagnosing and treating sleep disorders have been added to the primary care physician's list of ever-growing responsibilities. This added expectation presents many risks since sleep medicine is rarely included in the curricula of medical schools or in non-sleep medicine residency training. The second edition to Primary Care Sleep Medicine fulfills the need of a comprehensive text assisting the physician with up-to-date information on the sleep medicine field. This updated volume represents the cutting edge of knowledge for the field, with summaries of the latest research on new diagnostic tests, medications and therapies; useful for any physician considering specialization in the field. Chapters are authored by leaders in the field of sleep medicine with an understanding of the primary care environment. Practical and comprehensive, this text is an invaluable resource for physicians and allied health professionals.

This timely work reflects the growing importance of research into the nature of sleep and its medical aspects. One of the first of its kind, this work on the neuroimmunology of sleep provides an introduction to the interplay between these two key and interlinked areas. Written both from a basic and a clinical perspective, the volume is an invaluable information resource for biomedical professionals and students of the human biology.

Highly practical guide written from both a basic and clinical perspective.

Many recent discoveries in both laboratory and clinical settings have greatly increased our understanding of sleep medicine and the relevant psychopharmacology. This timely book serves to present updated information about the neuropsychopharmacology of sleep as this field enters mainstream psychiatry, neurology and medicine This volume has assembled articles that summarize and review carefully, a chosen selection of the latest discoveries concerning sleep medicine, sleep physiology and sleep pharmacology. Outstanding contributions have been sought from acknowledged experts in their respective fields. The goal of the volume is to present the more recent developments and advances in the fields of sleep and neuropsychopharmacology, as well as to provide a context for considering them both in depth and from multidisciplinary perspectives. This volume brings together the collective expertise of clinicians and basic researchers who represent a range of interests in neuroscience, neuropharmacology, sleep physiology, and biological rhythms. Presenting a thoughtful balance of basic experimental and clinical facts and viewpoints, this book will serve as a foundation for understanding, and ultimately treating, sleep disorders.

Many patients experience sleep disturbances secondary to their primary illness and this often has a negative effect on their quality of life. This book provides an evidence-based introduction to the interface between sleep wide range of medical disorders. A clinically focused, comprehensive review for physicians and other health providers, this state-of-the-art reference can also serve as a textbook for those who wish to become familiar with the impact of sleep on quality of life.

This book provides a state-of-the-art, comprehensive overview of the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders. It details evidence-based practice recommendations using parameters primarily developed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The book offers a thorough and extensive board review for specialization in sleep medicine and supports primary care clinicians in appropriately using sleep diagnostic testing results in clinical practice.

85 in 100 feel that they are at their best in summer and worst in winter, 40 in 100 have winter blues, and 1 in 100 has winter depression. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), or winter depression, is a mood disorder related to the change in the seasons and lack of exposure to daylight. SAD is a rare example of a psychiatric disorder with a clear, identifiable biological cause. The new edition of this award winning book brings together distinguished scientists and opinion leaders to discuss the current and anticipated developments in the study and care of SAD. Highlighting clinical diagnosis and management, this book provides a valuable resource for all whom are involved in the treatment for patients with SAD. It elucidates potential areas of research that have emerged, such as the study of the circadian pacemaker and night-time sleep structure, and how their interaction influences mood. This book helps to inform and update practice, and it is suitable for a wide range of professionals and health care settings. Readership: Psychiatrists, neurologists, clinical psychologists, nurses and other team members working in mental health care. All professionals, whether clinicians or researchers, in the field of medicine and neuroscience. Anyone who is curious enough to ask what effect the seasons, light and circadian clock have on sleep, mood and wellbeing.

Research on cannabis and sleep is emerging with promising results. This book offers current and comprehensive knowledge on cannabinoid research results in connection with sleep. The volume covers aspects of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, the pharmacology of cannabinoids, neurobiology and pharmacology of sleep and wakefulness, and the benefits and side effects of cannabis on the central nervous system. It further discusses the putative therapeutical properties of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids and their potential for the treatment of sleep disorders such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, REM sleep behavior disorder, and restless legs syndrome. The book is written by medical and scientific experts in this field and intended for researchers from a range of disciplines such as biomedicine, biology, neurosciences, clinical medicine, neurology, and pharmacology.

This volume highlights the recent advances in the understanding of the endocannabinoid system and the likely benefit from the therapeutic effects of cannabinoid treatment in a variety of health issues. Archeological evidence has shown that Cannabis has a long history of use for multiple purposes, including the treatment of medical conditions. The primary active constituent of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( 9-THC), causes euphoria, enhancement of sensory perception, tachycardia, antinociception, difficulties in concentration and impairment of memory, among other effects. Despite these undesirable effects, signaling is mostly inhibitory and suggests a putative role for cannabinoids as therapeutic agents by managing several diseases where inhibition of neurotransmitter release would be beneficial. The themes of this book have been edited and written by world-leaders in the field, The contents of the volume aims at readers from a range of academic and professional disciplines, such as biomedicine, several areas of biology, neurology, clinical medicine and pharmacy.