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The 18 chapters making up In Vitro Haploid Production in Higher
Plants are divided into two sections. Section 1 (eight chapters)
covers historical and fundamental aspects of haploidy in crop
improvement. Section 2 deals with methods of haploid production,
including anther culture, micropore culture, ovary culture,
pollination with irradiated pollen, in vitro pollination, and
special culture techniques, including polyhaploid production in the
Triticeae by sexual hybridization, the influence of ethylene and
gelling agents on anther culture, conditional lethal markers, and
methods of chromosome doubling.
Since the beginning of agricultural production, there has been a
continuous effort to grow more and better quality food to feed ever
increasing popula tions. Both improved cultural practices and
improved crop plants have al lowed us to divert more human
resources to non-agricultural activities while still increasing
agricultural production. Malthusian population predictions continue
to alarm agricultural researchers, especially plant breeders, to
seek new technologies that will continue to allow us to produce
more and better food by fewer people on less land. Both improvement
of existing cultivars and development of new high-yielding
cultivars are common goals for breeders of all crops. In vitro
haploid production is among the new technologies that show great
promise toward the goal of increasing crop yields by making similar
germplasm available for many crops that was used to implement one
of the greatest plant breeding success stories of this century, i.
e., the development of hybrid maize by crosses of inbred lines. One
of the main applications of anther culture has been to produce
diploid homozygous pure lines in a single generation, thus saving
many generations of backcrossing to reach homozygosity by
traditional means or in crops where self-pollination is not
possible. Because doubled haploids are equivalent to inbred lines,
their value has been appreciated by plant breeders for decades. The
search for natural haploids and methods to induce them has been
ongoing since the beginning of the 20th century."
Since the beginning of agricultural production, there has been a
continuous effort to grow more and better quality food to feed ever
increasing popula tions. Both improved cultural practices and
improved crop plants have allowed us to divert more human resources
to non-agricultural activities while still increasing agricultural
production. Malthusian population predictions continue to alarm
agricultural researchers, especially plant breeders, to seek new
technologies that will continue to allow us to produce more and
better food by fewer people on less land. Both improvement of
existing cultivars and development of new high-yielding cultivars
are common goals for breeders of all crops. In vitro haploid
production is among the new technologies that show great promise
toward the goal of increasing crop yields by making similar
germplasm available for many crops that was used to implement one
of the greatest plant breeding success stories of this century, i.
e., the development of hybrid maize by crosses of inbred lines. One
of the main applications of anther culture has been to produce
diploid homozygous pure lines in a single generation, thus saving
many generations of backcrossing to reach homozygosity by
traditional means or in crops where self-pollination is not
possible. Because doubled haploids are equivalent to inbred lines,
their value has been appreciated by plant breeders for decades. The
search for natural haploids and methods to induce them has been
ongoing since the beginning of the 20th century."
Since the beginning of agricultural production, there has been a
continuous effort to grow more and better quality food to feed ever
increasing popula tions. Both improved cultural practices and
improved crop plants have alIowed us to divert more human resources
to non-agricultural activities while still increasing agricultural
production. Malthusian population predictions continue to alarm
agricultural researchers, especially plant breeders, to seek new
technologies that will continue to allow us to produce more and
better food by fewer people on less land. Both improvement of
existing cultivars and development of new high-yielding cultivars
are common goals for breeders of alI crops. In vitro haploid
production is among the new technologies that show great promise
toward the goal of increasing crop yields by making similar
germplasm available for many crops that was used to implement one
of the greatest plant breeding success stories of this century, i.
e., the development of hybrid maize by crosses of inbred lines. One
of the main applications of anther culture has been to produce
diploid homozygous pure lines in a single generation, thus saving
many generations of backcrossing to reach homozygosity by
traditional means or in crops where self-pollination is not
possible. Because doubled haploids are equivalent to inbred lines,
their value has been appreciated by plant breeders for decades. The
search for natural haploids and methods to induce them has been
ongoing since the beginning of the 20th century."
Since the beginning of agricultural production, there has been a
continuous effort to grow more and better quality food to feed ever
increasing popula tions. Both improved cultural practices and
improved crop plants have allowed us to divert more human resources
to non-agricultural activities while still increasing agricultural
production. Malthusian population predictions continue to alarm
agricultural researchers, especially plant breeders, to seek new
technologies that will continue to allow us to produce more and
better food by fewer people on less land. Both improvement of
existing cultivars and development of new high-yielding cultivars
are common goals for breeders of all crops. In vitro haploid
production is among the new technologies that show great promise
toward the goal of increasing crop yields by making similar
germplasm available for many crops that was used to implement one
of the greatest plant breeding success stories of this century, i.
e., the development of hybrid maize by crosses of inbred lines. One
of the main applications of anther culture has been to produce
diploid homozygous pure lines in a single generation, thus saving
many generations of backcrossing to reach homozygosity by
traditional means or in crops where self-pollination is not
possible. Because doubled haploids are equivalent to inbred lines,
their value has been appreciated by plant breeders for decades. The
search for natural haploids and methods to induce them has been
ongoing since the beginning of the 20th century."
An understanding of the mechanisms by which plants perceive
environmental cues, both physical and chemical, and transduce the
signals that influence specific expression of genes, is an area of
intensive scientific research. With the completion of the genome
sequence of Arabidopsis it is understood now that a larger number
of genes encode for proteins involved in signalling cascades and
transcription factors. In this volume, different chapters deal with
plant receptors, second messengers like calcium ions,
phosphoinositides, salicylic acid and nitrous oxide, calcium
binding proteins and kinases. In addition to dealing with the
response of plants to light, hormones, pathogens, heat, etc. on
cellular activity, work currently going on in apoptosis, cell
division, and plastid gene expression is also covered in this book.
Since the beginning of agricultural production, there has been a
continuous effort to grow more and better quality food to feed ever
increasing popula tions. Both improved cultural practices and
improved crop plants have allowed us to divert more human resources
to non-agricultural activities while still increasing agricultural
production. Malthusian population predictions continue to alarm
agricultural researchers, especially plant breeders, to seek new
technologies that will continue to allow us to produce more and
better food by fewer people on less land. Both improvement of
existing cultivars and development of new high-yielding cultivars
are common goals for breeders of all crops. In vitro haploid
production is among the new technologies that show great promise
toward the goal of increasing crop yields by making similar
germplasm available for many crops that was used to implement one
of the greatest plant breeding success stories of this century, i.
e., the development of hybrid maize by crosses of inbred lines. One
of the main applications of anther culture has been to produce
diploid homozygous pure lines in a single generation, thus saving
many generations of backcrossing to reach homozygosity by
traditional means or in crops where self-pollination is not
possible. Because doubled haploids are equivalent to inbred lines,
their value has been appreciated by plant breeders for decades. The
search for natural haploids and methods to induce them has been
ongoing since the beginning of the 20th century."
Since the beginning of agricultural production, there has been a
continuous effort to grow more and better quality food to feed ever
increasing popula tions. Both improved cultural practices and
improved crop plants have alIowed us to divert more human resources
to non-agricultural activities while still increasing agricultural
production. Malthusian population predictions continue to alarm
agricultural researchers, especially plant breeders, to seek new
technologies that will continue to allow us to produce more and
better food by fewer people on less land. Both improvement of
existing cultivars and development of new high-yielding cultivars
are common goals for breeders of alI crops. In vitro haploid
production is among the new technologies that show great promise
toward the goal of increasing crop yields by making similar
germplasm available for many crops that was used to implement one
of the greatest plant breeding success stories of this century, i.
e., the development of hybrid maize by crosses of inbred lines. One
of the main applications of anther culture has been to produce
diploid homozygous pure lines in a single generation, thus saving
many generations of backcrossing to reach homozygosity by
traditional means or in crops where self-pollination is not
possible. Because doubled haploids are equivalent to inbred lines,
their value has been appreciated by plant breeders for decades. The
search for natural haploids and methods to induce them has been
ongoing since the beginning of the 20th century."
Since the beginning of agricultural production, there has been a
continuous effort to grow more and better quality food to feed ever
increasing popula tions. Both improved cultural practices and
improved crop plants have al lowed us to divert more human
resources to non-agricultural activities while still increasing
agricultural production. Malthusian population predictions continue
to alarm agricultural researchers, especially plant breeders, to
seek new technologies that will continue to allow us to produce
more and better food by fewer people on less land. Both improvement
of existing cultivars and development of new high-yielding
cultivars are common goals for breeders of all crops. In vitro
haploid production is among the new technologies that show great
promise toward the goal of increasing crop yields by making similar
germplasm available for many crops that was used to implement one
of the greatest plant breeding success stories of this century, i.
e., the development of hybrid maize by crosses of inbred lines. One
of the main applications of anther culture has been to produce
diploid homozygous pure lines in a single generation, thus saving
many generations of backcrossing to reach homozygosity by
traditional means or in crops where self-pollination is not
possible. Because doubled haploids are equivalent to inbred lines,
their value has been appreciated by plant breeders for decades. The
search for natural haploids and methods to induce them has been
ongoing since the beginning of the 20th century."
The 18 chapters making up In Vitro Haploid Production in Higher
Plants are divided into two sections. Section 1 (eight chapters)
covers historical and fundamental aspects of haploidy in crop
improvement. Section 2 deals with methods of haploid production,
including anther culture, micropore culture, ovary culture,
pollination with irradiated pollen, in vitro pollination, and
special culture techniques, including polyhaploid production in the
Triticeae by sexual hybridization, the influence of ethylene and
gelling agents on anther culture, conditional lethal markers, and
methods of chromosome doubling.
An understanding of the mechanisms by which plants perceive
environmental cues, both physical and chemical, and transduce the
signals that influence specific expression of genes, is an area of
intensive scientific research. With the completion of the genome
sequence of Arabidopsis it is understood now that a larger number
of genes encode for proteins involved in signalling cascades and
transcription factors. In this volume, different chapters deal with
plant receptors, second messengers like calcium ions,
phosphoinositides, salicylic acid and nitrous oxide, calcium
binding proteins and kinases. In addition to dealing with the
response of plants to light, hormones, pathogens, heat, etc. on
cellular activity, work currently going on in apoptosis, cell
division, and plastid gene expression is also covered in this book.
Since the beginning of agricultural production, there has been a
continuous effort to grow more and better quality food to feed ever
increasing popula tions. Both improved cultural practices and
improved crop plants have allowed us to divert more human resources
to non-agricultural activities while still increasing agricultural
production. Malthusian population predictions continue to alarm
agricultural researchers, especially plant breeders, to seek new
technologies that will continue to allow us to produce more and
better food by fewer people on less land. Both improvement of
existing cultivars and development of new high-yielding cultivars
are common goals for breeders of all crops. In vitro haploid
production is among the new technologies that show great promise
toward the goal of increasing crop yields by making similar
germplasm available for many crops that was used to implement one
of the greatest plant breeding success stories of this century, i.
e., the development of hybrid maize by crosses of inbred lines. One
of the main applications of anther culture has been to produce
diploid homozygous pure lines in a single generation, thus saving
many generations of backcrossing to reach homozygosity by
traditional means or in crops where self-pollination is not
possible. Because doubled haploids are equivalent to inbred lines,
their value has been appreciated by plant breeders for decades. The
search for natural haploids and methods to induce them has been
ongoing since the beginning of the 20th century."
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