Gorbachev's Third World Dilemmas (1989) examines the strategic, political and ideological criteria which shaped Soviet policies toward the developing world. Organized around particular themes and issues, it pays attention to both theoretical fundamentals in Soviet doctrine and to Soviet actions in specific regions. The topics range widely and include: the Soviet conception of regional security; Soviet arms transfers and military aid to the developing world; the developing world in Soviet military thinking; the USSR and crisis in the Caribbean; Soviet policy towards Southern Africa, notably Angola and Mozambique; and Soviet policy towards Southwest Africa. It looks at the activist foreign policy that Gorbachev inherited, and explores the elements of change and continuity that Gorbachev and the Soviets faced.

How did the individual human being become the focus of the contemporary discourse on security? What was the role of the United Nations in "securing" the individual? What are the payoffs and costs of this extension of the concept? Neil MacFarlane and Yuen Foong Khong tackle these questions by analyzing historical and contemporary debates about what is to be secured. From Westphalia through the 19th century, the state s claim to be the object of security was sustainable because it offered its subjects some measure of protection. The state s ability to provide security for its citizens came under heavy strain in the 20th century as a result of technological, strategic, and ideological innovations. By the end of World War II, efforts to reclaim the security rights of individuals gathered pace, as seen in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and a host of United Nations covenants and conventions. MacFarlane and Khong highlight the UN s work in promoting human security ideas since the 1940s, giving special emphasis to its role in extending the notion of security to include development, economic, environmental, and other issues in the 1990s."

In the 30 years since the emergence of the post-Soviet conflicts things have both changed and remained the same - continuities and changes in post-Soviet conflicts are the primary themes of this volume - it addresses all major wars, civil wars, and rebellions in the former Soviet Union. The volume focuses on factors that have contributed or may contribute to the resolution of the post-Soviet conflicts, most of which have represented rather long and damaging crises. In all conflict cases Moscow has been guided by Russian state interests - some have been instigated or fueled, others driven to a frozen state, and still a couple of others have been constructively resolved due to Moscow's intervention. Russia has used a long-term strategy for the resolution of those conflicts that have taken place on its soil, but in regards to the conflicts in other post-Soviet states, there is no long-term solution in sight. As such, the conflicts in Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, and Nagorniy Karabakh, remain unresolved involving not only the named states, but Russia as well. They may represent localized national or regional crisis impacting only the states involved, but for the Russian Federation they epitomize one huge post-Soviet crisis with no obvious end.

NATO's quickly evolving relationship with Central and Eastern Europe is forming a new basis for security in the region. Enlargement into the former-Soviet bloc, the conflict over Kosovo, and developing foreign and domestic events are drastically changing the technical aspects of security management, the perceptions of security held by the region's countries, and the actual security situation on the ground. Almost NATO broadly examines the region's current security situation and specifically explores NATO's relationship with Slovakia, Slovenia, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, and the Baltic states all non-members, but each with its own expectations for membership and relationship to the organization. Russia's interaction with NATO since the end of the Cold War and that country's crucial role in the region's future rounds out the regional coverage. The book's connective tissue is a broader concept of security that encompasses the European Union, environmental concerns, minority issues, and economic and political performance as Europe moves into the 21st century. The interrelationship and significance of varied concepts of security are summarized and further developed in the concluding chapter, along with an effort to place developments in the region within a more theoretical perspective. The result is a book of significant breadth and substantial utility, one invaluable to readers trying to understand the region and NATO's role in its security.

In the 30 years since the emergence of the post-Soviet conflicts things have both changed and remained the same - continuities and changes in post-Soviet conflicts are the primary themes of this volume - it addresses all major wars, civil wars, and rebellions in the former Soviet Union. The volume focuses on factors that have contributed or may contribute to the resolution of the post-Soviet conflicts, most of which have represented rather long and damaging crises. In all conflict cases Moscow has been guided by Russian state interests - some have been instigated or fueled, others driven to a frozen state, and still a couple of others have been constructively resolved due to Moscow's intervention. Russia has used a long-term strategy for the resolution of those conflicts that have taken place on its soil, but in regards to the conflicts in other post-Soviet states, there is no long-term solution in sight. As such, the conflicts in Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, and Nagorniy Karabakh, remain unresolved involving not only the named states, but Russia as well. They may represent localized national or regional crisis impacting only the states involved, but for the Russian Federation they epitomize one huge post-Soviet crisis with no obvious end.

The relationship between a powerful US and some of the central multilateral organizations in global society is an essential feature of contemporary international relations. This text brings together a range of scholars to examine this crucial phenomenon. Its aims are two-fold: to describe and explain US behaviour in and towards a wide range of significant global and regional institutions; and secondly, to examine the impact of US behaviour on the capacity of each organization to meet its own objectives. The study explores US behaviour and its consequences for organizations based at the regional as well as the global levels, for those located in different regions of the world, and for such issue areas as security, economics, and the environment. Although focusing on the period since the 1990s, each chapter places its findings in a broader historical context.