Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Complications In diabetes mellitus, persistence of hyperglycemia was reported to cause increased production of oxidative parameters as well as defects in antioxidant defence system.Both factors possibly related to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications.Appropriate evaluation of oxidative stress(lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and antioxidant status)will be beneficial in the regular evaluation of type I DM pediatric patients together with the routine laboratory assessment.