The dominance of electronics in every steps of present day human civilization is the blessing of knowledge on properties, both electronic and optical, of bulk semiconductors(SCs) and their microstructures. The effective use of SCs and their microstructures for various applications depends on their detailed electronic and optical properties. This book discusses the bandgap of semiconductors as a function of both temperature and carrier density. The physics of MIS diodes is introduced and the variation of capacitance with voltage and carrier density is discussed. The methods of calculating the subband energies and wave functions in quantum wells(QWs) and superlattics(SLs) are then outlined.The concepts of strained layer epitaxy, critical thickness and the band structures are introduced taking Si-(Si, Ge)QWs as an example. A model calculation of mobility for alloy-disorder scattering and different phonon scattering is carried out for Si-(Si, Ge)QW. A brief description of the absorption processes in indirect gap bulk materials and QWs is finally given. It is believed that this book will be useful for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers and electronic device designers.

Since the development of voltage opamp, it has become the main analog building block in developing various analog signal processing circuits. However, the recent advances in IC technology have paid importance to the usefulness of current mode analog building blocks, such as current conveyors, as they possess many unique and attractive characteristics over their voltage mode counterparts. This book discusses the development of current conveyors, its translinear implementation, conversion of opamp to current conveyor based circuits. Filter is very important signal processing circuit, specially for communication, instrumentation etc. In this book a number of filter configurations have been developed with fewer active and passive components and/or improved filter performance parameters. The performance of the filters has been analyzed in terms of various parameters such as responses, bandwidth, sensitivities, power consumption, distortion etc. The effect of nonidealities and its minimization technique have also been discussed. The material presented in this book will be useful for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researcher and circuit designer in the field of IC analog filt