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"Ephedra" is a gymnospermic genus of Gnetales and family
Ephedraceae. The genus is represented by forty-two species from the
world, among them nine are provisionally reported from Pakistan. It
is recognized for fourteen phyto-chemicals, among them ephedrine
and pseudo-ephedrine are the most important, widely used as
bronchodilators and decongestants. Traditionally the plant is used
for respiratory tract diseases and to enhance the effect of snuff.
Besides its use as medicine, some of its species are used as diet
supplement for weight reduction. Quantity and quality of chemicals
present in the genus vary species to species. Hence, it is
important to properly identify the plant and get benefit from its
valuable chemicals. Conventional tools of taxonomy can identify the
genus but overlapping morphological features of the plant creates
problems in proper alignment of species. PCR based Molecular
markers e.g. RAPDs can help to delineate various field specimens
with high accuracy and thus provide a handy tool for
identification.
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