Calcium Transport Elements in Plants discusses the role of calcium in plant development and stress signaling, the mechanism of Ca2+ homeostasis across plant membranes, and the evolution of Ca2+/cation antiporter (CaCA) superfamily proteins. Additional sections cover genome-wide analysis of Annexins and their roles in plants, the roles of calmodulin in abiotic stress responses, calcium transport in relation to plant nutrition/biofortification, and much more. Written by leading experts in the field, this title is an essential resource for students and researchers that need all of the information on calcium transport elements in one place. Calcium transport elements are involved in various structural, physiological and biochemical processes or signal transduction pathways in response to various abiotic and biotic stimuli. Development of high throughput sequencing technology has favored the identification and characterization of numerous gene families in plants in recent years, including the calcium transport elements.

The growth of human population has increased the demand for improved yield and quality of crops and horticultural plants. However, plant productivity continues to be threatened by stresses such as heat, cold, drought, heavy metals, UV radiations, bacterial and fungal pathogens, and insect pests. Long noncoding RNAs are associated with various developmental pathways, regulatory systems, abiotic and biotic stress responses and signaling, and can provide an alternative strategy for stress management in plants. Long Noncoding RNAs in Plants: Roles in development and stress provides the most recent advances in LncRNAs, including identification, characterization, and their potential applications and uses. Introductory chapters include the basic features and brief history of development of lncRNAs studies in plants. The book then provides the knowledge about the lncRNAs in various important agricultural and horticultural crops such as cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and fiber crop cotton, and their roles and applications in abiotic and biotic stress management.

Sundarban Mangrove Wetland: A Comprehensive Global Treatise provides an illustrative account of the ecology, biology, conservation and management strategies of this endangered UNESCO World Heritage Site. The book offers a comprehensive and accessible guide to a variety of wetland ecosystems, including endangered flora and fauna, the ecology and diversity of pelagic and benthic biota, the impact of multiple stresses on the biota, inorganic and organic pollutants in biotic and abiotic matrices and their remedial measures, the impact of climate change on mangrove plants, and their conservation and management strategies. Divided into seven chapters, the book presents a realistic summary of the wetland environment and its resources, citing individual case studies considering a host of topics of particular interest. Analysis of this unique wetland provides crucial comparisons with other wetlands and their status, environmental challenges and possible remedial measures. Sundarban Mangrove Wetland is an in-depth and up-to-date account ideal for the student, teacher or researcher in marine biology & ecology, environmental science, marine geochemistry, marine pollution and ecotoxicology and wastewater treatment. Covering both fundamental and advanced aspects, the book is also useful for policy makers and those involved in coastal resource conservation and management.

Nanoparticles and Plant-Microbe Interactions: An Environmental Perspective, Volume Seven in the Nanomaterial-Plant Interactions series, provides comprehensive coverage on how nanoparticles can impact plant-microbe interactions. Key themes include nanoparticle synthesis, nano-phytoremediation, nano-farming, the negative impacts of nanoparticles, and nanomaterials in mitigating stress. This will be an essential read for any scientist or researcher looking to assess and understand the potential toxicological risks associated with plant nanotechnology, with particular focus on plant-microbe interactions. Nanotechnology is an emerging field with a vast range of nano-based products for commercial exploitation. The interactions of nanoparticles, plants and microbes can be harnessed in several applications, including alleviating environmental pollution. In addition to the aforementioned content, the book also explores concerns surrounding the toxicity of nanoparticles themselves, an important aspect to be aware, along with potential negative effects.

Perovskite Metal Oxides: Synthesis, Properties and Applications provides an overview on the topic, including the synthesis of various types of perovskites, their properties, characterization and application. The book reviews the applications of this category of materials for photovoltaics, electronics, biomedical, fuel cell, photocatalyst, sensor, energy storage and catalysis, along with processing techniques of perovskite metal oxides with a focus on low-cost and high-efficiency methods, including various properties and probable applications in academia and industry. Other sections discuss strategies to improve the functionality of perovskite metal oxide materials, including chemical methods and controlling the size, shape and structure of the materials. Finally, applications of perovskite metal oxides in energy conversion and storage, sensing and electronics are covered.

In recent years, most applications deal with constraint decision-making systems as problems are based on imprecise information and parameters. It is difficult to understand the nature of data based on applications and it requires a specific model for understanding the nature of the system. Further research on constraint decision-making systems in engineering is required. Constraint Decision-Making Systems in Engineering derives and explores several types of constraint decisions in engineering and focuses on new and innovative conclusions based on problems, robust and efficient systems, and linear and non-linear applications. Covering topics such as fault detection, data mining techniques, and knowledge-based management, this premier reference source is an essential resource for engineers, managers, computer scientists, students and educators of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Plant Receptor-like Kinases: Role in Development and Stress presents the latest research in receptor-like kinases (RLKs), a class of development and defense-response proteins in plants. As one of the largest protein families, with roles ranging from growth and development to stress response, RLKs are involved in every aspect of the plant life cycle, including growth and development, reproduction, and immunity. Development of high throughput sequencing technology has improved the identification and characterization of numerous gene families in plants in the recent years, allowing researchers to identify and characterize numerous RLK sub-families in model plant species and agro-economically important crop plants like rice, wheat, sorghum, tomatoes, and more. This book provides foundational knowledge on the classification of RLKs, their mechanism of action and their roles in the plant life cycle, as well as the most up-to-date advances in the applications of RLKs. It is an essential read for researchers interested in plant signaling and plant genomics.

Plant Transcription Factors: Contribution in Development, Metabolism, and Environmental Stress provides comprehensive coverage of plant TFs and their various functions, evaluating their crucial role in growth and development, signaling, stress management and other key plant processes. Sections cover the significance of plant TFs in functional genomics, the influence of phyto-hormones on the modulation of plant TFs, plant development and metabolism, including shoot development, flowering development and alkaloid biosynthesis. The book's final section reviews the role of TFs in various plant stresses, including temperature, water and heavy metal stress. Written by leading experts around the globe, this book is an essential read to researchers interested in plant signaling and plant genomics.

Role of Chitosan and Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials in Plant Sciences explores the physiological, morphological, biochemical and molecular regulation of chitosan and chitosan-based nanoparticles in plants in normal conditions, as well as during different stresses, and their probable mechanism of operation in the tolerance mechanism. The book stimulates further research in the field of chitosan and will foster further interests for researchers, academicians and scientists worldwide. Nanotechnology is being used widely in all disciplines of science and technology, including plant sciences. Chitosan has widely been reported as a beneficial organic compound for the growth and developments of plants and it plays a protective role for the plants against abiotic and biotic stresses. Yet there are very few books available that deal exclusively with Chitosan and Chitosan based nanoparticles impacts on plants respectively.

Cation Transporters in Plants presents expert information on the major cation transporters, along with developments of various new strategies to cope with the adverse effects of abiotic and biotic stresses. The book will serve as a very important repository for the scientist, researcher, academician and industrialist to enhance their knowledge about cation transport in plants. Further, applications listed in the book will facilitate future developments in crop designing strategies. This comprehensive resource provides an alternative strategy for abiotic and biotic stress management in agricultural and horticultural crops. In addition, it will further improve basic knowledge om the origin and mechanism of cation homeostasis and their role in developmental transition and stress regulation.

Management of Vertigo Made Easy is a concise, easy to use guide to this debilitating condition. Divided into twelve chapters, the book begins with the physiology of vertigo, followed by chapters on its causes, diagnosis, clinical tests, investigations and treatment. Further chapters describe vestibular rehabilitation exercises, important clinical conditions of vertigo, and a series of cases in vertigo. Enhanced by over fifty images, illustrations and tables, this book simplifies difficult concepts with a straightforward step by step approach to management of vertigo. A final ‘Points to Remember’ section, with clinical tips, makes Management of Vertigo Made Easy an ideal pocket-sized handbook for interns and residents, as well as otolaryngologists, neurologists and physicians. Key Points Concise, easy to use guide to Vertigo Over fifty images, illustrations and tables ‘Points to Remember’ section highlights important information, simplifying difficult concepts Pocket-sized for use ‘on-the-go’

The world of brands is undergoing a sea of change in the domain of consumer culture and it has become a challenge to cater to the minds of audiences. As such, effective branding has moved from being product- and service-oriented to organizational- and social movement-oriented. Holistic Approaches to Brand Culture and Communication Across Industries is a pivotal reference source for the latest research findings on the use of theoretical and applied frameworks of brand awareness and culture. Featuring extensive coverage on relevant areas such as consumer behavior, observational research, and brand equity, this publication is an ideal resource for professionals, researchers, academics, students, managers, and practitioners actively involved in the marketing industry.

There are various factors that influence the quality and quantity of agricultural products; among them, weather conditions play the most significant role in agriculture. More reliable weather forecasting enables farmers to make important planting and harvesting decisions that can enhance agricultural yield. Thus, there is a dire need to combine all available modern technologies and agricultural science for economic and environmentally sustainable crop production. In this direction, artificial intelligence (AI) serves as a budding solution in the domain of agriculture practices. Artificial Intelligence Tools and Technologies for Smart Farming and Agriculture Practices discusses various tools and technologies that can be used in smart farming and agriculture practice and explores the role of different emerging technologies like the internet of things, big data, machine learning, deep learning, and AI from agricultural prospects. Covering key topics such as farming, pests, soil, and weeds, this premier reference source is ideal for environmentalists, farmers, agriculturalists, industry professionals, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students.

The many drawbacks of conventional dosage forms and delivery systems are overcome by designing and developing controlled release drug delivery systems, and pharmaceutical and other scientists have carried out extensive and intensive investigations in the field to explore their applications. A controlled-release drug formulation can improve product efficacy and extend patent protection. As controlled drug delivery systems continue to play a vital role in delivering various types of therapeutic agents in a controlled manner, researchers are only just scratching the surface of their full potential. Advancements in Controlled Drug Delivery Systems supplies information on translating the physicochemical properties of drugs into drug delivery systems, explores how drugs are administered via various routes, and discusses recent advancements in the fabrication and development of controlled drug delivery systems. It also underlines the methodology of controlled drug delivery system preparation and the significance, disadvantages, detailed classifications, and relevant examples. Covering topics such as machine learning and oral-controlled drug delivery, this book is ideal for pharmacists, healthcare professionals, researchers, academicians, research centers, health units, students, and pharmaceutical and scientific laboratories.

Cinema in India is an entertainment medium that is interwoven into society and culture at large. It is clearly evident that continuous struggle and conflict at the personal as well as societal levels is depicted in cinema in India. It has become a reflection of society both in negative and positive ways. Hence, cinema has become an influential factor and one of the largest mass communication mediums in the nation. Social and Cultural Dynamics in Indian Cinema is an essential reference source that discusses cultural and societal issues including caste, gender, oppression, and social movements through cinema and particularly in specific language cinema and culture. Featuring research on topics such as Bollywood, film studies, and gender equality, this book is ideally designed for researchers, academicians, film studies students, and industry professionals seeking coverage on various aspects of regional cinema in India.

Poor women have become essential cogs in the wheel of financialized capitalism. Globally, it is most often women who manage household debt to make ends meet, and that debt has exploded over the last decade, reaching an all-time high after the COVID-19 pandemic. Across various categories of loans, including subprime lending, microcredit policies, and consumer loans, as well as rent and utilities, women are overrepresented as clients and managers, and are being enfolded into the system. The Indebted Woman discusses the crucial yet invisible roles poor women play in making and consolidating debt and credit markets. Isabelle Guérin, Santosh Kumar, and G. Venkatasubramanian spent over two decades observing a credit market that specifically targets women in the Indian countryside of east-central Tamil Nadu. They found that paying off debts required labor, frequently involved sexual transactions, and shaped women's bodies and subjectivities. Bringing together ethnography, statistical surveys, and financial diaries, they offer for the first time a comprehensive theory for this sexual division of debt that goes far beyond the Indian case, exposing the ways capitalism transforms womanhood, and how this transformation in turn fuels capitalism.

This book presents the state-of-the-art methods in Linear Integer Programming, including some new algorithms and heuristic methods developed by the authors in recent years. Topics as Characteristic equation (CE), application of CE to bi-objective and multi-objective problems, Binary integer problems, Mixed-integer models, Knapsack models, Complexity reduction, Feasible-space reduction, Random search, Connected graph are also treated.

This book discusses the various open issues of blockchain technology, such as the efficiency of blockchain in different domains of digital cryptocurrency, smart contracts, smart education system, smart cities, cloud identity and access, safeguard to cybersecurity and health care. For the first time in human history, people across the world can trust each other and transact over a large peer-to-peer networks without any central authority. This proves that, trust can be built not only by centralized institution but also by protocols and cryptographic mechanisms. The potential and collaboration between organizations and individuals within peer networks make it possible to potentially move to a global collaborative network without centralization. Blockchain is a complex social, economic and technological phenomenon. This questions what the established terminologies of the modern world like currency, trust, economics and exchange would mean. To make any sense, one needs to realize how much insightful and potential it is in the context and the way it is technically developed. Due to rapid changes in accessing the documents through online transactions and transferring the currency online, many previously used methods are proving insufficient and not secure to solve the problem which arises in the safe and hassle-free transaction. Nowadays, the world changes rapidly, and a transition flow is also seen in Business Process Management (BPM). The traditional Business Process Management holds good establishment last one to two decades, but, the internal workflow confined in a single organization. They do not manage the workflow process and information across organizations. If they do so, again fall in the same trap as the control transfers to the third party that is centralized server and it leads to tampering the data, and single point of failure. To address these issues, this book highlights a number of unique problems and effective solutions that reflects the state-of-the art in blockchain Technology. This book explores new experiments and yields promising solutions to the current challenges of blockchain technology. This book is intended for the researchers, academicians, faculties, scientists, blockchain specialists, business management and software industry professionals who will find it beneficial for their research work and set new ideas in the field of blockchain. This book caters research work in many fields of blockchain engineering, and it provides an in-depth knowledge of the fields covered.

This book focuses primarily on the nature-inspired approach for designing smart applications. It includes several implementation paradigms such as design and path planning of wireless network, security mechanism and implementation for dynamic as well as static nodes, learning method of cloud computing, data exploration and management, data analysis and optimization, decision taking in conflicting environment, etc. The book fundamentally highlights the recent research advancements in the field of engineering and science.

This book presents an analysis of the techniques used for the synthesis of innovative functional carbon nanostructures. The chapters describe the research and development of various layered carbon nanostructures. Emphasis is given to the impact of defects on carbon nanostructures. The application of carbon nanostructured materials in biomedical field and energy storage is described.

This book presents architectural solutions of wireless network and its variations. It basically deals with modeling, analysis, design and enhancement of different architectural parts of wireless network. The main aim of this book is to enhance the applications of wireless network by reducing and controlling its architectural issues. The book discusses efficiency and robustness of wireless network as a platform for communication and data transmission and also discusses some challenges and security issues such as limited hardware resources, unreliable communication, dynamic topology of some wireless networks, vulnerability and unsecure environment. This book is edited for users, academicians and researchers of wireless network. Broadly, topics include modeling of security enhancements, optimization model for network lifetime, modeling of aggregation systems and analyzing of troubleshooting techniques.

The book provides an up-to-date account of the various techniques of fabrication & functionalization of electrospun nanofibers as well as recent advancements. An overview of the advanced applications of such techniques in different areas is also presented. Both experimental and theoretical approaches related to electrospun nanofibers are covered along with a discussion on the inherent properties of electrospun nanofibers. Therefore, this book provides a unique resource not only to established researchers but also newcomers starting out in this field.

The COVID-19 pandemic affected a wide range of global sectors, but one of the most important is education. The transition from classroom to computer screen was a difficult one for many Asian students, parents, and teachers. Since this transition, global education systems now mostly depend on online technology. It is crucial that the impact of the pandemic on education is not only examined from a Western point of view, but also from Eastern perspectives. The Handbook of Research on Asian Perspectives of the Educational Impact of COVID-19 provides the current issues the education sector is facing in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. This book investigates the issues and challenges the education sector is facing as well as the future directions needed to provide education in a more effective way. Covering topics such as academic perspectives, university-level employees, and leadership challenges, this book is a dynamic resource for students, teachers, pre-service teachers, school administrators, education providers, faculty, researchers, policymakers, and academicians.