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Particle samplers are widely used in workplaces in order to
determine the concentration of airborne particles in the
atmosphere. They generally operate by drawing air, with the aid of
a pump, through one or more orifices in the sampler body and housed
within the sampler is a filter through which the air is
subsequently drawn. The airborne particles are collected on the
filter and their concentration is determined. Various samplers have
been designed for this purpose including "static" samplers, which
are located in a fixed position in a working environment and
determine the dust concentration averaged over a prescribed period
of time at that one point, and "personal" samplers which are
mounted on a working person near to the breathing zone. The ORB
sampler, a static sampler designed by Ogden and Birkett (1978) to
have approximately the same entry efficiency, for particles with
aerodynamical diameter up to at least 25 m, as a human head equally
exposed to all wind directions for wind speeds between 0 and 2.
75m1s, is shown in Fig. l. l and examples of personal samplers are
shown in Fig. 1. 2a, b and c and represent a single 4mm hole
sampler, a seven hole sampler and a 25mm open face filter holder
respectively. These three samplers are some of the most commonly
used personal samplers for sampling the total airborne
concentrations of workplace dusts in Britain.
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