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Throughout the world, vulnerable people are being deceived into
entering abusive journeys. Whether in the organ trade, exploitative
labour businesses or forced criminality, their lives will never be
the same. This book traces the journey of victims/survivors of
modern slavery and human trafficking into and within the UK, from
recruitment to representation to (re)integration. Using global
comparative case studies, it discusses recruitment tactics and
demand, prevention in supply chains, issues with effective legal
protection and care services and vulnerability to re-trafficking.
It also examines the ideological misrepresentation of vulnerable
migrants and victims/survivors in media, the film industry,
legislation and more. Rooted in diverse practitioner experience,
disciplines and empirical research, this book bridges the
experience-research-practice-policy gap by bringing to the fore
survivors’ voices. In doing so, it offers crucial suggestions for
better public awareness, policies and practices that will impact
interventions in the UK and beyond.
Throughout the world, vulnerable people are being deceived into
entering abusive journeys. Whether in the organ trade, exploitative
labour businesses or forced criminality, their lives will never be
the same. This book traces the journey of victims/survivors of
modern slavery and human trafficking into and within the UK, from
recruitment to representation to (re)integration. Using global
comparative case studies, it discusses recruitment tactics and
demand, prevention in supply chains, issues with effective legal
protection and care services and vulnerability to re-trafficking.
It also examines the ideological misrepresentation of vulnerable
migrants and victims/survivors in media, the film industry,
legislation and more. Rooted in diverse practitioner experience,
disciplines and empirical research, this book bridges the
experience-research-practice-policy gap by bringing to the fore
survivors' voices. In doing so, it offers crucial suggestions for
better public awareness, policies and practices that will impact
interventions in the UK and beyond.
This edited volume examines the use of militarised responses to
different forms of criminal activity, discussing the outcomes and
unintended consequences. Politicians and policymakers frequently
use militarised responses to look tough on crime. The deployment of
armies, navies, military assets and militarised approaches can send
a powerful message, but have produced mixed results. While they
generate the perception that governments are actively engaged on
issues of concern to the public, and in some cases have resulted in
notable successes, on the downside they have frequently also
increased the loss of life, exacerbated the humanitarian
consequences of a particular crime and entrenched divides between
security and state institutions and the criminal proponents,
narrowing the possibilities for future negotiated solutions. By
focusing on four different areas of criminality - wildlife crime,
piracy, migration and drug trafficking - the book allows context
and evidence-based conclusions to be drawn on the strategic value
and commonality of responses and their outcomes.
This edited volume examines the use of militarised responses to
different forms of criminal activity, discussing the outcomes and
unintended consequences. Politicians and policymakers frequently
use militarised responses to look tough on crime. The deployment of
armies, navies, military assets and militarised approaches can send
a powerful message, but have produced mixed results. While they
generate the perception that governments are actively engaged on
issues of concern to the public, and in some cases have resulted in
notable successes, on the downside they have frequently also
increased the loss of life, exacerbated the humanitarian
consequences of a particular crime and entrenched divides between
security and state institutions and the criminal proponents,
narrowing the possibilities for future negotiated solutions. By
focusing on four different areas of criminality - wildlife crime,
piracy, migration and drug trafficking - the book allows context
and evidence-based conclusions to be drawn on the strategic value
and commonality of responses and their outcomes.
This edited volume examines the implications for international
development actors of new kinds of terrorism taking place in civil
conflicts. The threat from terrorism and violent extremism has
never been greater - at least in the global South where the vast
majority of violent extremist attacks take place. Some of the most
violent extremist groups are also parties to civil conflicts in
regions such as the Middle East and the Horn of Africa. But are
these groups - especially the violent Islamists which constitute
the greatest current threat - qualitatively different from other
conflict actors? If they are, what are the implications for
development practitioners working in war zones and fragile or
poverty-afflicted countries? This study aims to answer these
questions through a combination of theoretical enquiry and the
investigation of three case studies - Kenya, Nigeria, and
Iraq/Syria. It aims to illuminate the differences between violent
Islamists and other types of conflict actor, to identify the
challenges these groups pose to development practice, and to
propose a way forward for meeting these challenges.
This book critically examines the security-development nexus
through an analysis of organised crime responses in post-conflict
states. As the trend has evolved, the security-development nexus
has received significant attention from policymakers as a new means
to address security threats. Integrating the traditionally separate
areas of security and development, the nexus has been promoted as a
new strategy to achieve a comprehensive, people-centred approach.
Despite the enthusiasm behind the security-development nexus, it
has received significant criticism. This book investigates four
tensions that influence the integration of security and development
to understand why it has failed to live up to expectations. The
book compares two case studies of internationally driven
initiatives to address organised crime as part of post-conflict
reconstruction in Sierra Leone and Bosnia. Examination of the
tensions reveals that actors addressing organised crime have
attempted to move away from a security approach, resulting in
incipient integration between security and development, but
barriers remain. Rather than discarding the nexus, this book
explores its unfulfilled potential. This book will be of much
interest to students of war and conflict studies, development
studies, criminology, security studies and IR in general.
'Human trafficking' brings to mind gangsters forcing people, often
women and girls, to engage in dangerous activities against their
will, under threat of violence. However, human trafficking is not
limited to the sex trade, and this picture is inadequate. It occurs
in many different industries---domestic service, construction,
factory labour, on farms and fishing boats---and targets people
from all over the globe. Human trafficking is much more complicated
and nuanced picture than its common representations. Victims move
through multiple categories along their journey and at their
destination, shifting from smuggled migrant to trafficking victim
and back again several times. The emergence of a criminal pyramid
scheme also makes many victims complicit in their own exploitation.
Finally, the threat posed by the involvement of organised crime is
little understood. The profit motives and violence that come with
such crime make human trafficking more dangerous for its victims
and difficult to detect or address. Drawing on field research in
source, transit and destination countries, the authors analyse
trafficking from four countries: Albania, Eritrea, Nigeria and
Vietnam. What emerges is a business model that evolves in response
to changes in legislation, governance and law enforcement
capacities.
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